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Orphans of domestic crimes experience a complex condition as they are exposed to cumulative experiences of violence of which femicide is a tragic culmination. Although over the years there has been greatly increased attention at the scientific level on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) attributed to gender inequalities in the social and cultural context, children unfortunately still receive little reference. The present paper aims to describe the psychological functioning of feminicide orphans from an evolutionary cognitive perspective focused on pre- peri- post crime traumatic experiences. In addition, both the current state of scientific debate on the interference of traumatic development in childhood on the processing of grief and psychosocial interventions, from an ecological perspective, and promising models of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for the treatment of traumatic bereavement are presented. Also outlined is the multilevel and multifocal intervention plan implemented by the social-health network of the Apulia Region, which from the moment of the news of feminicide, is developed along different operational guidelines (Mobile Psychological First Aid-Psychosocial Interventions-Psychological Assessment- Psychotherapy) according to the Trauma Informed Care (TIC) perspective. Data from a longitudinal retrospective study, based on a qualitative methodology, aimed at investigating the main psychosocial factors that best characterize the target population of feminicide orphans will be exposed, and data collected on the quality of adaptations achieved in the short and medium term, through follow-ups at 6 months, 18 months and 30 months after the traumatic event, will also be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Object: Foster parenting is when a person temporarily serves as a parent for a child who has lost or has been removed from their biological family. Method: A clinical case is presented relating to the fostering history of Stefania, an eight-year-old girl who has been placed in a residential community since the earliest years of her life. Results: The child's history is characterized by a series of life events in which abandonments constituted a risk actor in relation to dysfunctional aspects in several areas of development. A psychodynamic perspective as adopted both to assess Stefania's psychic functioning and psychopathological symptomatology, and to identify the processes of intergenerational transmission of mentalization failure. Conclusions: In this paper we present a reflection about the pervasiveness of the consequences of parental neglect, and offer clinical indications on the care of foster children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insomnia symptoms are common during peripartum and are considered a critical risk factor for postpartum psychopathology. Sleep is particularly vulnerable during pregnancy and postnatal period and its alterations are associated with risks for mental health. Nonetheless, often insomnia disorder during pregnancy doesn't receive appropriate clinical attention, with consequent lack of proper treatment offer. Evaluation and treatment of insomnia during the prenatal period should be a priority in the clinical practice and should consider the whole family context. Cognitive-behavioral treatment is recognized as first line intervention for insomnia disorder from international guidelines. Many authors highlighted that during pregnancy and during the first months of child's life psychotherapy seems to be more adequate and more favorably accepted from patients than pharmacological treatment. This is also linked with possible negative consequences associated to the assumption of drugs, both for the fetus and the newborn. The aim of this paper is to examine in depth, through a narrative review, the importance of a correct evaluation of the insomnia disorder during the prenatal period and the characteristics of cognitive-behavioral therapy.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating disorders are characterised by dysfunctional eating behaviours and deeply negative beliefs about their weight and body shape. The literature on eating symptomatology is extensive and detailed, but systematic research about how sleep is characterised in such patients is currently lacking. The results that have emerged so far are contradictory and therefore do not allow a clear understanding of this topic. This paper aims to understand the current state of the art and which aspects need to be further investigated in the future. The results highlighted an actual sleep impairment in patients, although not always consistent. The most pronounced impairment seems to be in anorexia nervosa, moreover, this disorder has proved to be the most investigated. On the contrary, very few studies have evaluated sleep in patients suffering from binge eating disorder, especially using physiological measures. Few studies have also investigated circadian preference, thus leaving several questions unanswered. Future studies will not only aim at investigating sleep and circadian preference more rigorously and systematically, but they should especially try to relate specific aspects of eating symptomatology to specific sleep parameters. One of the advantages of such an approach would be to support clinical practice through sleep-centred treatments that could indirectly act on the eating symptomatology itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to review the existing literature on instruments used to assess Misophonia, in order to identify future research priorities in the area. A systematic search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cinahl, and Eric. Search terms refer to three main concepts: "Misophonia/Sound Sensitivity", "Assessment" and "Treatment". We limited our search to peer-reviewed papers, published in English from 2012. We selected papers where an instrument was used to assess Misophonia. After removing duplicates, 289 papers remained for screening. Titles and abstracts were screened against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified 80 full-text articles to be assessed for eligibility. 63 papers were included in the review. In the present review, 21 instruments were identified, 10 of which psychometrically validated. They include 9 self-report measures and 1 semi-structured interview. We found just 1 validated questionnaire for children. Different instruments are based on different definitions of Misophonia and just a few measures investigate all the areas included in the most recent definition. Results confirm a significant variability in instruments used to assess Misophonia. We argue the need to improve assessment in both children and adults, validating existing measures in larger samples and different countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misophonia is a condition of reduced tolerance to specific sounds or stimuli associated with those sounds, characterized by intense neurophysiological activation. General symptoms include heightened sensitivity to everyday noises such as coughing, sniffing, chewing and throat clearing, which results in a strong emotional reaction followed by avoidance behaviors, distancing, and, in some cases, aggressive responses. This is followed by emotions, as of anger, disgust, anxiety and depression (Swedo et al., 2022). Despite the growing interest in this phenomenon, there is currently no diagnostic classification. The purpose of this paper is to provide an updated overview of the literature regarding the definition and the etiology of misophonia, with particular emphasis on the symptomatology and psychological and behavioral correlates. Data in the literature were collected and analyzed according to the guidelines of the PRISMA method (Moher et al., 2009). The review was conducted through the main search engines on scientific papers published between 2010 and 2022, in English. Overall, a total of 40 articles were included. The research suggests that misophonia could be classified as a discrete psychological disorder, as symptoms present in a stable and consistent pattern, and patients report similar developmental pathways (Schroder et al., 2013; Jager et al., 2020). The patient's intensity reaction is determined not so much by the physical characteristics of the trigger sound, but rather by his or her psychological profile, context, and the cognitive interpretations the individual makes about the specific source of the sounds, which influence the intensity and uncontrollability of his or her reactions (Brout et al., 2018). A difficulty in emotion regulation and the presence of affective lability, exacerbates the severity of symptoms and may impair the individual's work, school and social functioning in the long run (Guetta et al., 2022). The etiology of misophonia can be traced back to both hereditary factors and environmental causes, e.g., associative learning mechanisms. Moreover, misophonia is thought to be related to high levels of connectedness between the auditory, autonomic and limbic systems and that, in particular, it would be AIC (Anterior Insular Cortex) that plays an important role (Edelstein et al., 2013). It would be desirable to expand the research to have more clarity on the phenomenon and possible treatments useful in reducing the discomfort and improving the quality of life of the subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the most relevant contributions regarding the application of so-called third generation interventions of cognitive behavioral therapy, such as mindfulness and ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), in the context of therapy for autism spectrum disorders. In particular, our attention is focused on the application of these interventions aimed at caregivers of individuals with autism spectrum disorder who have not reached the mature age. To this end, a search was conducted on the contributions published between 2005 and 2020 through the main search engines: it led to a final number of 8 revised articles. At present, the scarce availability of reliable results does not allow to arrive at a structured, valid and reliable model of intervention; nevertheless, having ascertained the potential benefit that emerged from the few studies conducted, it is possible to deduce that the line of research undertaken may create a protocol of proven effectiveness for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictive measures have had a significant impact on the mental health of the entire population, especially children and adolescents. It seems appropriate to make a distinction between stressful events, which most families have experienced, and real traumatic experiences, which only the most vulnerable individuals have been victims of. In fact, the most recent data (WHO, 2020) show a significant increase in the rates of intra-family violence against women and minors around the world, during the period of the lockdown. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the spectrum of symptoms that the experience of a complex trauma determines on children and adolescents, and at the same time to indicate the possible strategies to facilitate the early detection of distress indicators and implement the necessary interventions in emergency contexts in an integrated and multilevel perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this paper is to analyse the effect that the shift from face-to-face to distance relationship had on some procedural aspects of the clinical psychological setting and on the mental setting of psychologists and psychotherapists (in particular, those who used the online setting for the first time). In this perspective, the article illustrates and analyses the results of a pilot research conducted during the Italian national lockdown. Method: The research was carried out with a semi-structured questionnaire developed with Google Forms. The questionnaire (17 closed questions and 2 open questions) was divided into four sections: 1. Personal data; 2. Professional activity; 3. External/material setting; 4. Internal/mental setting. The questionnaire was available online from 6th to 27th April 2020. 160 questionnaires were collected: 45 (28.13%) psychologists and 115 (71.87%) psychotherapists. Results: 37.50% of the respondents did not perceive any significant change in their attitude following the changeover to the online mode (6.25% reported that they felt even better compared to face-to-face interviews). 27.50% of the respondents experience a greater "familiarity" with the patient; 24.38% are curious about the domestic environment framed by the webcam; 20.63%, on the other hand, experience embarrassment when entering the patient's home. The main problems reported by psychologists/psychotherapists are of a technical nature (limited quality of devices and connections) because they make it difficult to "tune in" to the patient. 43.75% of the respondents also reported difficulties in understanding the interlocutor's non-verbal communication. 25.63% of psychologists/psychotherapists also report being more active and 18.75% admit that in the online setting it is more difficult to remain silent. Conclusions: Technology-mediated communication has made it possible to overcome the constraints imposed by the pandemic and has enabled psychotherapists and patients not to interrupt counselling and therapy. However, the online setting has different characteristics from the offline setting, characteristics that tend to influence the behaviour and mental disposition of the psychologist/psychotherapist. Curiosity, embarrassment but also greater activity and difficulty in maintaining silence seem to be some of the possible outcomes of the online setting on the clinician. On the other hand, the prevalence of the visual channel can induce the psychologist/psychotherapist to superimpose what he sees with what he is. In essence, the online setting may induce the idea that no further meaning is needed or possible than what is shown on the screen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictive measures have had a significant impact on the mental health of the entire population, especially children and adolescents. It seems appropriate to make a distinction between stressful events, which most families have experienced, and real traumatic experiences, which only the most vulnerable individuals have been victims of. In fact, the most recent data (WHO, 2020) show a significant increase in the rates of intra-family violence against women and minors around the world, during the period of the lockdown. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the spectrum of symptoms that the experience of a complex trauma determines on children and adolescents, and at the same time to indicate the possible strategies to facilitate the early detection of distress indicators and implement the necessary interventions in emergency contexts in an integrated and multilevel perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the most relevant contributions regarding the application of so-called third generation interventions of cognitive behavioral therapy, such as mindfulness and ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), in the context of therapy for autism spectrum disorders. In particular, our attention is focused on the application of these interventions aimed at caregivers of individuals with autism spectrum disorder who have not reached the mature age. To this end, a search was conducted on the contributions published between 2005 and 2020 through the main search engines: it led to a final number of 8 revised articles. At present, the scarce availability of reliable results does not allow to arrive at a structured, valid and reliable model of intervention; nevertheless, having ascertained the potential benefit that emerged from the few studies conducted, it is possible to deduce that the line of research undertaken may create a protocol of proven effectiveness for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]