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This paper focuses on the papermaking inventions that, beginning with the Flemish physician Andreas Vesalius' De humani corporis fabrica (1543), became part of anatomy books. In particular, flaps became the tactile and visual tool that allowed, by progressively lifting individual flaps of paper (lift the flap), to represent the layered arrangement of organs and apparatuses of the human body. These movable devices, along with others (e.g., volvelle) widely employed especially in astronomy texts, became the educational complements of the new science. The paper reconstructs, through some significant samples, the evolution of interactive anatomical books up to the threshold of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to illustrate how, between the 19th and 20th centuries, the practice of archival inventory was established even in Italian municipalities, in relation to the calls of the Ministry of the Interior, the indications of a developing discipline and professional manuals exemplifying practices and models. Through the use of diagrams, we trace the development of the inventory in the local context, which initially has a patrimonial connotation, but gradually takes on a cultural function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, artists' archives have gained a central role in the debate on the nature, treatment and valorization of 20th century and contemporary archives. They are fascinating and precious aggregations, characterized by a plurality of documentary typologies and by specific requirements for their description. Starting from the definition of personal archives, the paper proposes a definition of artists' archives and then attempts to indicate their main characteristics, contents and elements of complexity. Finally, the paper attempts to establish a dialogue between archivists and artists, collectors, gallery owners, critics and curators in order to find common elements and differences in their actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 13rd October 2016 the Chiostergi-Tuscher archive and library, originating from the heirs' house located in France (Saint-Cergues Les Voirons), was transferred to the Centro cooperativo mazziniano "Pensiero e Azione" in Senigallia. The paper reports about how this remarkable heritage of Chiostergi-Tuscher was retrieved and returned to Italy after thirty years. The collection includes correspondences, letters, diaries, documents, journals and papers, pictures, books, posters and other archival and bibliographic materials of great historical value to learn about the political, civic and cultural activities of Giuseppe Chiostergi (1899-1961), anti-fascist, member of the Italian Constituent Assembly and of Parliament, ambassador, pro-European and statesman, friend and correspondent to leading Italian and European personalities in the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to offer an overview of the historiography on "local fascisms", exploring the reasons that led to its emergence, between the Seventies and Nineties of the Twentieth century, and its subsequent developments. At the same time, the main issues that, in the last forty years, have presided over the investigative work on the link between fascism and the South will be examined. Local fascisms in the Mezzogiorno were questioned through the theme of continuity and ruptures between the liberal and fascist ruling classes and that of the internal balances within the "agrarian bloc", whose interpretation was based on the categories of "modernization" and "corporatism". The article closes by illustrating issues and problems posed by the case of the advent of fascism in the Terra d'Otranto and in the province of Lecce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a synthesis of the most significant paths and problems of research in Italy, in the second half of the twentieth Century, seen through an autobiographical testimony. We speak of internal changes, due to the evolution of methodologies: the renewal of tools and methods, after the autarchic parenthesis of the first half of the Century; the intrusion of information technology into the organization and analysis of linguistic data; the openness to the problems of a rapidly changing society, with the sociolinguistic approach; the contrasts and mediations between structuralism and historicism. But we also speak, at the same time, of the brakes and conditioning to research by external factors, mainly attributable to a strong management of power and the consequent downsizing of the role of free research, accompanied by the deleterious subordination of research to logic of the market. Finally, the autobiographical perspective highlights the central role of Tullio De Mauro in the renewal of linguistics studies in Italy and in the stubborn persistence of a democratic and inclusive vision even in times of democratic crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overall picture of the linguistic studies carried out at the Istituto di Glottologia of the University of Pisa, from the middle of the 20th century to the present day. Tristano Bolelli is regarded as the leading figure of the Pisan studies. He worked from an early age to develop linguistic research at the University of Pisa with an original and broad vision, and an eye toward the future. Bolelli taught three generations of linguists in Pisa, whose profiles are synthetically drawn here with reference to their main research areas. Over time, the Pisan linguistic studies have shown both continuity in the study of historical change in Indo-European languages together with the deepening of topics connected to the different theoretical frameworks which have recently emerged. Those who trained in Pisa, and have subsequently become University Professors, adopted Bolelli’s scientific approach, characterised by a great meth- odological rigour, a true hallmark of the Pisan linguistic studies. Additionally, the breadth of the Pisan scholars’ research fields clearly demonstrates the other distinctive feature of Linguistics in Pisa: great freedom in making choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theatrical and narrative production of Pier Maria Rosso di San Secondo stretches for about forty years between the first and fifth decade of the twentieth century. They were years of transition and redefinition of individual and social roles and spaces. The neuroses of many authors find in the theater the natural dimension in which to represent feelings of guilt and pain, of the shattering of subjectivity and of loss of reference points. Pier Maria Rosso di San Secondo, son of sunny and sulphur-bearing central Sicily, ranged from narrative to the theater and represents one of the most interesting Central European literary experiences. In this paper we analyze two plays composed and staged between 1918 and 1919: Marionette, che passione! and La bella addormentata. Although these have two very different settings, one bourgeois and the other the world of fable, the onomastic choices share the use of chromatism with an expressionist value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a synthesis and a reflection on the topics addressed during the conference "The other side of publishing: the women of books and reading in the 20th century", organized by the Apice Center, with the collaboration of the Department of Historical studies of the University of Milan and the Arnoldo and Alberto Mondadori Foundation. On this occasion it was intended to shed light on the women's role in the publishing during the 20th century, especially on those figures who, often without leaving any apparent trace, as editors, illustrators, translators and librarians, played a far from secondary role in discovering authors, in promoting works, in curating collections and disseminating good practices, such as reading. The conference days, organized in five sessions, were divided by themes: "Editorial work"; "In the workshop of translators"; "Promoting reading"; "Drawing the book", and "Female militancy". The event was characterized by the heterogeneity and the multidisciplinary approach of the young researchers involved, who were able to let communicate different skills, related to gender studies, literary, artistic and historical, preferring, from the point of view of the method, the exploitation of archive sources, the identification of new types of documents and the experimentation of new working tools, like digital databases. This strategy led to the articulation of an intense program, full of insights and discussion, branched out from the main topics identified, such as the importance of memory, the autobiographical writings, the ongoing transformation of editorial work and the ability of women to create strong institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 19th and first half of the 20th century, Tunisia was a destination for many Italian migrants and a country at the center of imperial rivalries operating in the Mediterranean. This paper investigates the role that the Italian school network in the Tunisian Regency occupied both in community-building among Italian immigrants and in the Franco-Italian imperial rivalries. By focusing its analysis on government schools, it assesses how their political intent changed diachronically concerning the geopolitical context's evolution, especially after the French military occupation of Tunisia. International agreements, defense (and construction) of extraterritoriality, imperial tensions, and colonial society were the cornerstones that constituted the educational institution's space of action. Making use of the documentation from the French, Italian, and Tunisian archives, the research also demonstrates, on the one hand, the supplementary relationship of private-subsidized schools to the rigid governmental network. On the other, it highlights the autonomous educational experiences of immigrant groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the early decades of the twentieth century, the affirmation of children's literature as a kind of popular entertainment was facilitated in Italy both through books that enjoyed a wide readership and through stories and novels published in episodes in magazines of the time. My paper, by means of significant examples, offers some reflections on the use of recurrent personal names and common onomastic strategies in various authors, also in the light of the great inspiring models of the late-nineteenth-century fantasy-adventure genre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the political-administrative genesis of one of the major Italian public infrastructures of the twentieth century: Naples metro Line 1. It is highlighted in the period of time, the project has suffered, and at the same time, the choices of the different "political seasons" that the third city of Italy has undergone. From the beginning of the national railway system, which has become the best practice in terms of public transport, Line 1 has become, year after year, the heart of the Neapolitan and regional transport system, gaining international notoriety thanks to the so-called "Art Stations" and arriving today to transport over 45 million passengers / year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the two films of the Taviani brothers through which the Tuscan directors have narrated the early 20th century Italian diaspora in the United States: the first episode of Kaos, the 1984 film based partly on Pirandello’s Novelle per un anno, and the 1987 film Good morning, Babylon. Besides analyzing various sequences of the films, especially those related to the departure, arrival and pursuit of the American dream, in this paper I explain how both films aimed not only to recall the relevance of a social-historical phenomenon such as the great migration, but also by reflecting on the present and the future, the films force us to focus on the drama of those who today are forced to leave their homeland in search of a better future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the aim of this paper is to investigate the techniques through which Galdós questions the limitations of realistic epistemology in his fin-de-siècle novels: La incógnita and Realidad. The study intends to cover both the textual references and the reviews that were dedicated to these works, to highlight how Galdós foretold some literary motives of the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the psychological category of 'affectivity' in the Romance linguistics between the 19th and the 20th century, using as a reference point Iorgu Iordan's Introduction to Romance Linguistics. Thanks to a great number of translations, the book had a remarkable fortune and can offer an interesting survey of the Romance linguistics of the 20th century. Particularly, the contribution focuses on Iordan's paragraph concerning the linguistic studies on affectivity. First, comparing the translations of Iordan's book, it investigates the different translations of 'affectivity', which, between the 19th and the 20th century, was a sort of technical term of the German-speaking Sprachpsychologie. Then, it studies the structure of Iordan's paragraph, showing how it mirrors the complexity of the concept of affectivity in the linguistics of the period, which was used and/or criticised by different linguistic schools (such as the linguistic Neoidealism and the Geneva School). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we remember Donato Valli, longtime Professor of History of modern and contemporary Italian literature at the University of Lecce, one year after his death. In particular, we will examine his scientific activity, which includes several important studies on 20th century Italian poetry, on hermeticism, on the so called "fragment" and the "prose of art", as well as on the literary culture of Salento in the 1800s and 1900s. In the Appendix, there is a short unpublished Dichiarazione by Donato Valli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine Mario Marti's studies on the literature produced in Salento, to which he dedicated a significant part of his research activity. We will first examine the "Biblioteca Salentina di cultura", which later became the "Biblioteca di Scrittori Salentini", a collection with which he wanted to trace the cultural history of a region on a strictly scientific basis. Later, we will move on to other works in this field, which include, among other things, the most notable poets in dialect and language of the twentieth century, including, on the one hand, Nicola G. De Donno and Pietro Gatti, and, on the other, Girolamo Comi and Vittorio Bodini. In the Appendix, there are two unpublished letters by Mario Marti regarding the "Biblioteca di Scrittori Salentini". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reconstruct the traces that romanian folklore left within the works of three prominent italian writers and intellectuals of the second-half of the twentieth-century: Franco Fortini, Ernesto de Martino and Pier Paolo Pasolini. In his first book of poetry, Foglio di via (1946), Fortini translated, from a french version made by Ilarie Voronca, some romanian funeral songs, trying to conceal file folkloric sources, in order to misappropriate them. The same archaic ceremonial songs are used, as historical and ethnographic evidences, by Ernesto de Martino in his great anthropological survey on european funeral laments, Morte e pianto rituale (1958), and then by Pier Paolo Pasolini as a soundtrack for his movie Oedipus Rex (1967). In all of this cases, the fascination for the romanian popular poetry is tangled with reticences and ambiguities, that reveal the complex relationships existing between intellectuals and popular traditions in twentieth-century culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]