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Angelo Sammarco (Acerra, 14 October 1883 — Torre del Greco, 12 September 1948) is mainly known for his studies on the role of Italians in the formation and development of the modern Egyptian state. After moving to Cairo in 1922, he was a teacher of history at the local Italian high school and a trusted official of King Fuʾād. He combined historical research and institutional commitment, personally contributing to the great project of reconnaissance and copying of the documentation on Egypt preserved in foreign state archives, papers that later became part of the royal collections of the ʿ⁠Ābdīn Library. His publications were also fairly widely circulated in Italy: his criticism of British hegemony in the Nile region was in fact well suited to the colonial aspirations of Fascism, as well as the nationalist cause of the Egyptian monarchy. In this contribution, born at the same time as the work of ordering Sammarco's papers kept at the Istituto per l'Oriente Carlo Alfonso Nallino, an attempt has been made to give an initial systematization to a biographical story still full of gaps — especially as regards the years prior to his move to Egypt — through the study of his historiographical production and of almost unpublished archive documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of representation of live animals in art. Specifically, it describes the influence of natural history on such art since the late 1700's. Among other topics addressed are the book "The Art of Natural History: Animal Illustrators and Their Work" by American author S. Peter Dance, Dance's classification system for artists representing animals in their work, and various specific artists.

For over twenty years public institutions and foundations committed in cultural heritage curation and preservation worked up methodologies, strategies and techniques for long-term digital preservation of digital resources. Thanks to a relevant number of initiatives and services carried on by international institutions and specialized agencies, public and private libraries reached a high level of awareness in this field which requires continuous adaptation due to the constant evolution of publishing industry and the rapid emergence of Open Science. After a quick review of digital preservation milestones, this article looks at some emerging trends and issues which characterize the constant transformation of digital preservation landscape. Dynamic generated digital contents and Open Science to fulfil findability, accessibility, interoperability and reuse (FAIR) of digital assets are engaging new challenges for existing digital preservation services. Digital curation and digital preservation are deeply merged and proceed in parallel to assure long-term usage of digital resources and data. How to select and deploy digital preservation platforms is another complex area where Cloud services can offer the opportunity to reduce the costs of technical infrastructures maintenance and management. Policy and decision making institutional levels need more awareness to draw up digital preservation strategies and to activate services to assure digital contents and data long-term access and reuse. Finally the paper suggests to promote "digital preservation by design" as a new base rule to be applied since the conception of every project and initiative in the cultural heritage, scientific and academic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is intended to be a humble attempt to redeem sociology, a discipline unjustly perceived as a handmaiden among the human sciences, from the secondary role to which it is inappropriately relegated in deference to an evergrowing trend of technicalization and formalization, even algorithmic, of economics and law and even of certain specialized branches of sociology itself. On the contrary, an attempt is made to demonstrate, keeping in the background the great work of Mireilles Delmas-Marti, that it is precisely the most general, historically-anthropologically compromised and culturologically oriented part of this discipline that is the one most capable of accounting for the complexity underlying the local/global dynamics in progress, deciphering the asynchronic and destabilizing forces that corrode the effectiveness of the rules redesigning scenarios and destinies of social actors, and partially motivating the reasons involved. It seems all the more significant and urgent to us to push academic reflection towards a revival of the "great sociology" traditionally understood, in a season of disturbing juridical nihilism and worrying déshistoricisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the contribution of Vincenzo Cesareo to the theme of war in Ukraine, laid out in his book "The War in the Heart of Europe". Fruit of a multidisciplinary approach, Cesareo's contribution is notable not only for its stylistic clarity, but also for the spirit and passion with which he illustrates the rights of Ukraine and the wrongs of Putin: a genuine "lesson" in times of analyses that are too often partisan and/or ideologically distorted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will attempt to reconstruct and understand the relationship between crisis, social development, legal order, and political decision-making as they have come to be intertwined in modern industrial society. Particular attention will be paid to the theme of "permanent crisis" and the problems of the "motorization of law," legal constructions, technical and scientific power in relation to processes of political legitimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay analyses the relations between the Holy See and Mexico during the pontificate of Pius XII, starting from the unpublished documentation preserved in the Historical Archive of the Section for Relations with States of the Secretariat of State of the Holy See, and concentrating on the years from the election of Eugenio Pacelli to the papal throne to the beginning of the six-year presidential term of Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (1952-1958). Two main trends emerge from the examination of the Vatican papers: on the one hand, there is the undoubted consolidation of the fragile modus vivendi inaugurated by President Lázaro Cárdenas del Río at the end of the 1930's -- based on the non-application of the anticlerical provisions of the Constitution of Querétaro (1917) -- which under the successive presidencies of Manuel Ávila Camacho (1940-1946) and Miguel Alemán Valdés (1946-1952) would see the Apostolic Delegation in Mexico entertain a constant and profitable dialogue with the supreme authority of the State. On the other hand, starting from the passage from the Ávila Camacho presidency to the Alemán Valdés presidency, the Vatican Secretariat of State will repeatedly express its growing dissatisfaction with a legislative framework that is effectively unchanged compared to the years of open religious persecution, together with its concern for the acquiescence of relevant sectors of Mexican Catholicism towards a distancing of the Church from the political and legislative dimension that was now taken for granted. A key role in these processes was played by the Archbishop of Mexico Luis María Martínez y Rodríguez (from 1937 to 1948 in charge of affairs of the Apostolic Delegation) and by Mgr. Guglielmo Piani (appointed Apostolic Visitor in 1948 and Apostolic Delegate to Mexico in 1951), whose work received contrasting evaluations in the Vatican. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is mainly concerned with the conception of free will in Freudian theory and psychoanalytic ego psychology. There are a number of Freuds, not all consistent with each other, on the issue of free will: the Freud who views free will as an illusion, the Freud who identifies as a goal of psychoanalytic treatment the enhancement of the ego’s freedom to choose, and the Freud who locates control of motility (action) in the conscious ego. As for an ego psychology perspective, free will lies in the ego’s relative autonomy from drives, as well as in the freedom to not will and to relinquish control. In contrast to Freudian theory and ego psychology, the question of free will is not salient in post-Freudian theories, where the greater emphasis is on issues having to do with meeting needs rather than on gratification of wishes. Finally, free will is not only a matter of freedom from inner compulsion, but also of freedom from external coercion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the recent and extensive study, the result of doctoral research carried out under the direction of Ch. Théobald, in which L. Castiglioni tries to articulate the equality between men and women, rooted in baptism, and sexual difference, dialoguing with feminist culture and theology, in light of the current historical-ecclesiastical and cultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space is not a simple frame within which individuals move. It is a component of reality, it acts on mutual relationships and conditions the perception of oneself and others. This paper questions the relationship between the Jewish world and its waters. The water basins of the region tell us the Jews and allow us to understand essential aspects of their identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of algorithms in the daily lives of a significant portion of humanity, coupled with the ongoing rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), inevitably prompts questions regarding educational processes, teaching paradigms, and theological education. The paper starts by examining current technologies for education, with a specific emphasis on the project framework and regulations presently in effect in Italy. It then extrapolates, drawing upon analogy and the transference of learning models, to theological education and the epistemological and ethical challenges presented by the capabilities of AI applications. The research’s scope is defined by the distinctiveness of the regulatory framework and scientific experiments conducted within the Italian context. The contribution is supplemented by a chapter entirely authored by an algorithm, and in conclusion, offers a perspective on the ontology of forms of intelligence. This perspective recognizes «sensitive thought» as the anthropological characteristic that distinguishes humans from machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper suggests two ways in which medieval thought can provide us with some interesting elements for discussing the problems of the current technological and digital revolution. The first is the fact that medieval Christian thought from the XIIth century did not despise technological innovations of the time as philosophically invaluable: from Hugues of Saint Victor onwards, we find some interesting philosophical reflections on the nature, scope and significance of technological development for mankind. The second is rooted in the general attitude of metaphysical optimism that was typical of the Latin Middle Ages and which was reflected above all in the idea of the supreme dignity of man and his central place in creation. Starting from the patristic tradition, from Johannes Scottus Eriugena to Robert Grosseteste and beyond, medieval thought established that the human microcosmus is the center of all creation and that all natural things are oriented towards it as their ultimate goal. Two conclusions can be drawn from these historical facts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orphans of domestic crimes experience a complex condition as they are exposed to cumulative experiences of violence of which femicide is a tragic culmination. Although over the years there has been greatly increased attention at the scientific level on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) attributed to gender inequalities in the social and cultural context, children unfortunately still receive little reference. The present paper aims to describe the psychological functioning of feminicide orphans from an evolutionary cognitive perspective focused on pre- peri- post crime traumatic experiences. In addition, both the current state of scientific debate on the interference of traumatic development in childhood on the processing of grief and psychosocial interventions, from an ecological perspective, and promising models of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for the treatment of traumatic bereavement are presented. Also outlined is the multilevel and multifocal intervention plan implemented by the social-health network of the Apulia Region, which from the moment of the news of feminicide, is developed along different operational guidelines (Mobile Psychological First Aid-Psychosocial Interventions-Psychological Assessment- Psychotherapy) according to the Trauma Informed Care (TIC) perspective. Data from a longitudinal retrospective study, based on a qualitative methodology, aimed at investigating the main psychosocial factors that best characterize the target population of feminicide orphans will be exposed, and data collected on the quality of adaptations achieved in the short and medium term, through follow-ups at 6 months, 18 months and 30 months after the traumatic event, will also be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public speaking. Language Education for Inclusion is a project for the enhancement of cultures and languages, starting with the discovery of their origins and history, through different communicative and didactic strategies and tools, to make pupils aware of their potential and to develop integration between different, but increasingly close, cultures among our school desks. The course, carried out in a fourth primary class, in collaboration with the CIDIC (Center for Innovation and Dissemination of Culture) of the University of Pisa, provided an opportunity to experience practices of integration, spirit of sharing and the multiple possibilities of dialogue, addressing different issues related to transversal citizenship skills. This paper aims to systematize the methodology, develop the theoretical lines and define the pedagogical constructs underlying this path of inclusion to make it transferable to other contexts within the school curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors argue that there are good reasons for seriously considering the dynamics of the peer group when discussing psychoanalytical case material. The setting and procedure have to protect and facilitate for the presenter and the group members to work together. The aim of this paper is to discuss the problems connected with presenting and discussing clinical psychoanalytical material in a peer group and to describe one such specific method, which the authors call the Weaving Thoughts method. The design is primarily inspired by Bion's formulation thoughts in search of a thinker. The group participants reflect on the presented clinical material in a way that the authors metaphorically describe as creating a weave of thoughts that emerges from the material. The aim of the method is to facilitate a work-group climate that allows thoughts to wander about, and to avert group members from debating and compromising the integrity of its members by letting basic assumptions come into power. The method is described from theoretical and practical points of view, with two illustrations of seminars according to this design and finally a discussion of the advantages and drawbacks of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper highlights the need to reflect on the individual identification models underlying the training of the couple and family psychotherapist. These are complex processes that are difficult to specify but which deserve great attention. The trainee who already has personal psychoanalytic training must undergo a double mourning, that of the theoretical models of unipersonal psychology and that of his or her personal analysis, which he or she can only partially use. In fact, working in a multipersonal context-setting means training oneself to grasp the interactions between the participants and the manifestations of the ectopic unconscious that emerge. Moreover, in the training processes, the group experience of the learners, which dialogues with the groupness of the teachers, takes on great relevance. The group dimension is a fundamental experience that helps the therapist to continually confront the here and now that is generated in the horizontal exchanges of the group and that puts him in contact with the unexpected and the partiality of experience that he encounters in his work with couples and families. Finally, the reports presented by Grassi and Lucarelli preceding the reading of the work are reviewed and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers when the discontinuities take place in psychotherapy as recurring of latent conflicts that demand new significations. The clinic report presents the possibility to overstep the repetitions that bridle the transformation process. The setting's para-excitatory function, close to "phenomena that have no climax", frees the experiences of tremendously and intensely deep affects. Resulting separation and disjunction of psychic envelops make the insidious threshold, where the transference-countertransference dynamics clarify foreclosed meanings, more accessible. The evolutionary way gets earlier levels, relaunching the interpsychic reconciliation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political dimension finds various expressions in the sessions, from the most implicit to the most explicit. Yet as psychoanalysts we are less accustomed to listening to the conscious and unconscious social register. There is a certain tendency to theoretically include the individual and society but in clinical practice to separate the private from the public. To which extent can we evade the weight of external reality as the cause of psychic distress in an age of perpetual crisis? This paper aims to analyze some political and social aspects related to the analytic role by discussing opportunities and problems that arise when organizational forms of being with others become the object of dialogue with patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of the design strategies of reassembly and reuse of buildings according to the transition to circular economy. Specifically, the paper addresses the issue of architectural envelopes made of drywall and their executive design according to a Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach, based on a case study of a temporary wooden housing unit for which there are several scenarios of use and end of life once the first cycle of use of the components of the envelope has come to an end. In particular, the paper, based on the collection of environmental profiles of products through Environmental Product Declarations (EPD), wants to define a balance between the environmental impacts incorporated in the used materials and the benefits related to the adoption of dry construction techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike other industrial sectors that already apply re-manufacturing, the construction sector is slow to experiment with these sustainable practices. Hence, this paper introduces key results of the Re-NetTA project, conducted at Politecnico di Milano and funded by Fondazione Cariplo (2018-0991), which intends to outline the conditions necessary to activate circular processes in the field of tertiary construction. In order to extend the life of construction products, the paper proposes three circular models based on re-manufacturing. Developed with stake-holders and experts in an inter-sectoral and multidisciplinary approach, the proposed models represent a contribution towards sustainable design and organisational practices of construction products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I would like to examine - from a psychoanalytical point of view - the pathological functioning characterized by the sensory excess in the mind which seems to constitute a fundamental component in psychosis. Starting from the observation of this specific topic in clinical experience with psychotic patients, I would like to illustrate some psychoanalytic assumputions on the genesis and progression of the psychotic state, evaluating its clinical and psychopathological implications. Bion's theory of thought and conceptualization on the invasion of the healthy part of the patient by the psychotic part - imbued with pathological sensoriality and which transforms the perception of psychic reality - is a main point in this paper (Bion, 1957). Some contemporary authors ideas on psychosis and neuroscientific evidence seems to converge on the significance of this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review proposes an analysis of some of the many possible psychotherapeutic treatment approaches and modalities that are most effective at present according to the latest guidelines. Psychotherapy, often underestimated, plays a key role in the integrated treatment of patients presenting with various forms of psychological distress and/or psychiatric disorders and is an essential element in the healing process. The usefulness of psychological supports is too often poorly considered in general practice clinics, while its scientific value has also been recognized by Evidence Based Medicine. This paper has set out to examine the most effective current psychotherapies for the treatment of the most prevalent psychological and psychiatric disorders at present, with a focus on the so-called third-wave or third-generation psychotherapy approaches (DBT, ST, EMDR, MBT, TMI, MBCT), which represent an evolution of standard TCC and arise precisely from the need to integrate the concreteness and Evidenced-based efficacy of TCC with the most powerful elements of the psychoanalytic approach, thus creating a unique, comprehensive and integrated synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicated on Koper statutes from 1432, this paper points out some main contents that evidence the diversity and expression of medieval statutory stipulations that at the time comprehensively regulated the fundamental aspects of public and private life in Mediterranean cities and their hinterlands. The data from the statutes of medieval Koper concretize and complement the picture of the former 'civitas Iustinopolis'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The observations contained in Riccardo Marco Scognamiglio’s (2023a) paper “De tempore aut more” are an opportunity to give further considerations around the phenomenon described in “Presentification as maladaptive automatism in adolescence: possible correlated psychological manifestations” (Degasperi, 2023), and support questions and arguments of absolute relevance. At the same time, a prudent comparativism allows us to integrate the concept of presentification to highlight its possible maladaptive derivations. The latter can then be rigidly and pervasively expressed in individual behavior, to the point of giving shape to a possible lifestyle. The recovery of further descriptive models belonging to the past also suggests a broader consideration compared to current socio-cultural data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catecholamines are produced by the sympathetic nervous system or by the medullary adrenal glands and play a key role both as hormones and as neurotransmitters. An increase in their production can lead to hypertension, due to neuroendocrine tumors like pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and neuroblastoma. Among tumors of neuroendocrine derivation, there are also carcinoids that can cause carcinoid syndrome, associated with an excess of serotonin release. Proper biochemical analysis of patients suffering from these tumors is crucial to confirm the presence of excess production of catecholamines or serotonin and their metabolites. Serious and life-threatening cardiovascular complications related to cathecolamines and their metabolites pose a challenge to the laboratory for a timely and accurate diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. The application of innovative technologies to determine these analytes, such as LC-MS/MS, potentially associated with a metabolomic approach, may provide an efficient tool to help physicians recognizing and appropriately treating these still difficult-to-find clinical entities. As a complement to this paper, we present a personal experience about the analysis of biogenic amines and their metabolites performed on both 24-hour and spot urines. The LC-MS/MS method is used with three different preparation phases: total metanephrines (free and conjugate), catecholamines, free methanephrine and serotonin and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). The organization of the chromatography and mass spectrometry division, based on expert technicians, includes centralized acceptance of samples, automation of the preparation phase and middleware-based validation of the results, offering to clinicians a valuable help in this challenging diagnostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term "laboratory stewardship" refers to the proper ordering and evaluation of laboratory tests. The inappropriateness of the request is not only the overuse of laboratory tests, ordering low-value tests that have no impact on patient outcomes, but also the underuse of tests that would be necessary for the patient. In addition, the large number of tests offered by the laboratory, sometimes highly specialized, can cause difficult or incomplete interpretation of results. Accordingly, errors in requesting and interpreting results can lead from suboptimal patient management to very negative consequences for the patient. Communication and collaboration between clinicians and laboratory specialists can be an important tool in providing the right test, for the right patient, at the right time as well as the right interpretation and use. In this opinion paper, we propose a strategic plan aimed at strengthening the biunivocal clinical-laboratory interaction with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of patient care and reducing costs for both patients and the health care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary hyperoxalurias (PH) are autosomal recessive metabolic disorders, characterised by overproduction and urinary excretion of oxalate, presenting with nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and kidney failure. Plasma oxalate is higher than normal in PH, and it rises further in renal failure. When glomerular filtration rate falls below 30 mL/min /1.73m2, oxalate levels increase sharply and plasma becomes supersaturated with calcium oxalate, which precipitates in body tissues (systemic oxalosis). Three types of PH are described; the most frequent is PH1 (70-80%), due to deficiency of L-alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), the enzyme which catalyses in hepatocytes the transamination of alanine and glyoxylate to pyruvate and glycine. That leads to accumulation of glyoxylate, which is converted both in oxalate (by lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) and glycolate (by glyoxylate reductase). Increased levels of glycolate, both in serum and urine, are the hallmark of PH1. PH2 is due to variants of gene encoding for the enzyme glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR), which converts both glyoxylate to glycolate and hydroxypiruvate to D-glycerate in many tissues. Pathologic variants of GRHPR gene induce increased levels of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate, converted by LDH to oxalate and L-glycerate respectively. High levels of glycerate, both in serum and urine, allow the metabolic diagnosis of PH2. PH3 is due to variants of HOGA gene, which catalyses the cleavage of 4-hydroxy-2- oxoglutarate (HOG) to pyruvate and glyoxylate. Increased levels of both HOG and 4-hydroxy glutamate are metabolic hallmark of PH3. In this paper, an overview of oxalate metabolism was reported, and the main features of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical course and treatment of PH as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urine albumin is a well-known biomarker of proven clinical utility for relevant pathological conditions and a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. This paper is aimed to illustrate the state-of-art of albuminuria measurement and the adherence to the official recommendations in scientific writing. In spite of the urine albumin clinical importance, the standardisation of the analyte is not completed yet, but the adoption of decisional values (established in 2013) would require standardized methods to allow the correct classification of patients. The Italian EQA scheme for albuminuria shows variable bias to the consensus value, depending on the analytical system: a typical situation originating from the lack of international standardisation. The harmonisation of the measure is more advanced: the EQA data show that 74% of participants use the albumin/creatinine ratio to report the urine albumin excretion. A recent systematic review examined how the albuminuria data are reported in clinical studies. A sub-optimal situation is illustrated: the laboratory information is often lacking or incorrectly reported. The obsolete term "microalbuminuria" is used in >40% of the studies, only 20% of the studies uses the correct sample (first morning void). The data about the post-analytical are more encouraging: the measurement units and the decisional values are correctly reported in the majority of the studies. The correction of this situation, that makes it difficult to transfer the results from clinical studies to the daily practice, requires a stringent collaboration between laboratory professionals and clinicians: working together in multidisciplinary groups to understand the respective needs is to be promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The protein concentration in urine is a valuable parameter in assessing kidney function. Usually, blood proteins do not pass through the renal filter in healthy subjects; proteinuria, which can sometimes be detected as a simple, occasional laboratory finding, is a relatively common condition of which those affected are unaware. Epidemiologically, it is a condition that involves almost 10% of the population worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the release of proteins by the kidneys are different: a newly detected proteinuria may precede the onset of renal disease or systemic diseases, and the physician must appropriately evaluate it. This paper provides a hint of epidemiology, some notes of pathophysiology, an overview of the types of proteinuria, a rundown on laboratory techniques and a brief, certainly not exhaustive, review of some non-oncological pathologies associated with proteinuria. The aim is to show the extent to which proteinuria can play a decisive role in the patient's overall assessment. The urine protein test, a basic, non-invasive test, easy to perform by any laboratory, even the most poorly equipped, is a fundamental indicator of a subject's health status in combination with other markers. Thus, it confirms once again the crucial role of the laboratory in providing the physician with necessary diagnostic and prognostic data that is easy to perform, inexpensive and yet of great benefit for the patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis of urolithiasis is related to the presence of physico-chemical abnormalities in the urine environment. These anomalies can be highlighted and evaluated through specific biochemical investigations, often not included in the usual activities of a hospital laboratory. The laboratory activities include the adoption of the most appropriate procedures for the evaluation of urine saturation with respect to lithogenic salts (propensity to stone formation), the identification and analysis of precursors and inhibitors of crystallization, the biochemical investigation for the identification of pre-existing diseases, including the genetic ones, and the analysis of kidney stones. Over the years, in the medical approach to nephrolithiasis, the need for specialized analytical techniques has increasingly raised, requiring the use of versatile technology (HPLC, GC-LC/MS, FTIR), adaptable to the investigation of substances belonging to the most varied classes and present in different biological matrices. In this paper we describe the main analytical activities carried out by a specialized laboratory for the study of renal stone disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: in spite of the introduction of automated systems for urine sediment analysis, microscopy examination remains the gold standard. External Quality Assessment (EQA) programs on urine sediment are rare. This paper provides an analysis of results from 2012 to date of the EQA Italian program (Centro di Ricerca Biomedica, Regione Veneto) which involves today 255 laboratories. Methods: the EQA program includes four surveys/year. Participants are asked to identify and provide the clinical association of the presence of specific particles (2 surveys) and formulate the diagnosis of clinical cases presented (2 surveys). In 11 years, 202 images were proposed: 64 cells (9 types), 10 lipids (4 types), 59 casts (16 types), 36 crystals (13 types), 14 microorganisms (5 types), 19 contaminants (8 types) and 22 clinical cases were presented. Results: the correct identification rate (median; interquartiles) was very high for micro organisms (96.4; 91.9-99.9); high for crystals (92.2; 80.2-96.3) and lipids (91.1; 90.5-93.6); followed by casts (87.7; 80.1-91.8); contaminants (87.3; 77.2-96.0) and cells (82.8; 74.4-91.3). For clinical associations, the rate of correct answers was 96.5 (range 48.7- 100%). For clinical cases, due to the overall rate of particle misidentification throughout surveys, only 58.6% (44.9- 68.8%) of participants achieved access to clinical diagnosis. Of these, 92,0% (78.1-95.5%) were able to indicate the correct diagnosis. Conclusions: the program can be used as a tool to improve the identification of urine particles and the knowledge of their clinical significance and to encourage specialists of laboratory medicine to correlate urine findings with other laboratory data and the clinical history of the patient, an aspect that improves the value of the day by day work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of archival publishing, the transition phase in which the relationship between print and digital was in contrast is considered closed and it’s time to move towards a new model of integration. It would be time to start a more mature reflection, in the perspective of imagining a dialectical relationship, not of contrast but capable of overcoming indifference in view of a fruitful integration. For this purpose, this paper provides some ideas and some proposals for work, in the hope that the academic world, Anai and Directorate General Archives will start in collaboration shared work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to illustrate how, between the 19th and 20th centuries, the practice of archival inventory was established even in Italian municipalities, in relation to the calls of the Ministry of the Interior, the indications of a developing discipline and professional manuals exemplifying practices and models. Through the use of diagrams, we trace the development of the inventory in the local context, which initially has a patrimonial connotation, but gradually takes on a cultural function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can the Christian moral conscience form the crucial element for a diversified unity of Christian churches? This paper presents the role of Christian conscience in the ecumenical dialogue highlighting its relation with the various ecclesial courses forming the moral rule and the achieved points of convergence. The coming back of the discernment of the conscience in the ecumenical area confirms the interest for the centrality of the Christian conscience already present in the praxis of Christian ecclesial tradition. A possible renewal of the ecumenical dialogue on moral questions can start from this understanding conscience rooted in the central and original nucleus of faith related to the various ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper briefly examines the influence of Blaise Pascal on theology, showing the themes and areas in which the French thinker has been taken up and employed as a source of inspiration. In particular, an essential comparison is offered between the project of Pascal's Apologia and the characteristics of contemporary fundamental theology. Finally, the question is posed whether Pascal's method of awakening Christian faith in the disengaged milieu of French libertines is still relevant today in the climate of religious indifference typical of post-modern society. It is suggested that the anthropological problem posed by Pascal, can still continue to interrogate contemporary man, showing him how the paschal mystery of Jesus Christ is capable of satisfying his existential anxieties and fulfilling to his highest aspirations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the historical context when Luther uttered the proverbial words «Here I stand». They were expressed at the Worms Diet in 1521 and for the first time they affirmed the right to a free conscience invoking God's word the Agostinian monk felt prisoner of. This restraint leads him to an interior freedom responding only to God. This act and that appeal to conscience became an icon, a reference point for all those fighting for freedom and it was represented by the posterity in prints, paintings, sculptures, cinematography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Which are the foundations of ethical consciousness in Mediterranean antiquity according to the Hebrew and Greek roots outside the Bible and the biblical corpora? This work intends to outline a few general lines. Our attention is focused on the term syneidêsis in both biblical and extra-biblical Greek contexts without neglecting the comparison with the notion of heart in the biblical scriptures. The paper conclusion concerns the meaning of syneidêsis in the New Testament and exemplifies the eloquent case of Corinthians 8 and 10. Finally, some hermeneutical observations are proposed on the existential values implied in the notion of conscience ranging from the New Testament to contemporary life and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dissertation can - metaphorically and anthropologically - constitute a 'rite of passage', since it marks the transition from student to graduate status. It is a written work: a sort of essay, planned together with a supervisor, that the undergraduate student produces and discusses at the end of a cycle of University studies. The drafting of the paper is usually fraught with impediments, due - in principle - to the fact that students never before have to face such a task and, therefore, the utmost care is needed so as not to, more or less intentionally, run into the infringement of a third party's intellectual property. By virtue of this, the present contribution has a substantially pragmatic goal, since it intends to offer methodological guidance for the writing process, hoping to help students avoid incurring in plagiarism. The university library, from this point of view, plays a crucial pedagogical function, since it does not merely provide documents, but it contributes to expanding the boundaries of the civic and social, legal and cultural education of undergraduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper traces the evolution of the UNESCO Public Library Manifesto from the first revision in 1972 to the recent version of 2022. The 1972 Manifesto, a hasty update of the 1949 text, marks a clear change in the addressees: no longer local communities, citizens and the library profession, but public authorities and profession-als. There is a strong emphasis on the role of the public library in culture, reading and information; on the right to access for all; on new media. The 1994 Manifesto is the first joint IFLA-UNESCO Manifesto. It stresses an intimate connection between freedom, well-being, the development of society and individuals and a conscious and complete exercise of a full right to access knowledge. The public library is defined as a 'local gateway to knowledge': an effective definition for a non-localistic vision. In the text, however, there is a gap between the formulation of the context scenario and the wealth of content that has emerged since 1990 in the Human Development Reports of the United Nations Program Development, a radical rethinking of the traditional concept of de-velopment. The 2022 Manifesto stemmed from the collaboration between IFLA and UNESCO-Section Infor-mation For All Programme. This article questions the three fundamental thematic nuclei of the new text: - 'sustainable development'. A more explicit reference to the UN 2030 Agenda would have made more transparent the type of orientation (systemic, multidimensional and inter-institutional approach; integrated design and planning; development of feedback knowledge; inter-generational perspective) necessary to face the challenge; - 'libraries in the knowledge society'. There is a very strong connection between knowledge and skills for citizenship, with an emphasis on scientific citizenship and the methods and tools for its effective and daily exercise; - the 'community' is a pervasive leitmotiv. Citizens are not just users, but builders of knowledge; libraries play an essential role in building 'bridging' knowledge and open communities. The IFLA/UNESCO Manifesto 2022 is probably a transition text. In the expression of the key mis-sions for the public library, the Manifesto reveals an underlying tension for the future, contained in the alert attention to the present. It is one of the most significant messages, which could perhaps have been made clearer and more intense with a closer integration between the different missions of the public library and a stronger integration of the rich UNESCO tradition on educational policies, cultural heritage, intercultural dialogue, human development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proceeding from the shift, in the perspective of librarianship, from the centrality of book and library collections to that of the user, the paper intends to explore the informational potential of semantic indexing for notated music, to be considered as a pervasive tool for the organization of an integrated information retrieval service based not only on musical performance but also on fruition. Through a case study, insights will be offered on the practice of indexing notated music in Anglo-Saxon countries through the projects developed by the Library of Congress (LCSH, LCGFT, and LCMPT). Practical proposals will be offered to streamline the retrieval of music resources in the National Library Service by means of the Nuovo soggettano (the Italian New Subject Heading system). After analyzing the information needs of the users of a music library, the authors will propose a FRBRization for SBN OPAC (the Catalogue of the Italian National Library Service), moving from the categorization of Musical Works according to form/genre, and, by exploiting the 'logical connections' that link works with related subject entities provided by LRM, they will propose that subject headings may function as a flywheel to enable the transformation of the SBN OPAC into library linked data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the rich production and the reflections by the writer Dino Provenzal (1877-1972) on his relationship with reading and on the world of books, on readers' behaviour, on the inadequacy of libraries in Italy between the two wars. The author focuses especially on the many articles by Provenzal published in L'Italia che scrive, the journal by Angelo Fortunato Formiggini, between 1922 and 1938. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indirect methods are data mining techniques for establishing or verifying reference intervals. They present many advantages over the traditional direct approach, including reduced costs, closeness of preanalytical and analytical conditions to routine conditions and usefulness in specific age groups or with uncommon sample types. After discussing advantages and limitations of the indirect approach, in this paper the main statistical algorithms, and their implementation in open-source software as well, are briefly introduced by a practical example. Moreover, key aspects of data selection and preparation are discussed. The indirect methods represent a powerful and valuable approach for the definition or validation of reference intervals, whose knowledge and correct use should be part of the laboratorian's toolbox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last two decades, progress in the areas of learning and fear extinction have led to the formulation of a new conceptual model, based on exposure therapy, according to which the extinction of fear (which represents its clinical application) would occur through the creation of a new inhibiting memory rather than through the habituation process. This has led to the development of specific changes in the procedure, which aim to maximise exposure therapy, particularly in terms of diminished fear return. To date, the new «modus operandi» of therapy is being applied to patients by exposing them directly to what they fear, in other words, «in vivo». Virtual Reality environments (VR) are excellent for implementing the potential of inhibitory expository learning, although they are in need of a fully implemented protocol. To this purpose, we are rethinking current technology, modelled towards the process of habituation, in favour of a tool capable of facilitating the learning process through inhibitory learning, and even using the Flow mechanism. This paper makes some considerations on these innovations and proposes the hardware and software changes needed to shape innovative virtual reality psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review deals with a widely discussed topic and its yet unknown features. High Pressure Narcosis Syndrome (HPNS) or 'deepsea nervous syndrome' is an important condition with almost unknown causes and fascinating features, to say the least. It affects those who dive at great depths while breathing in certain gas mixtures. The purpose of the following paper is first of all to summarise the state of the art and to draw more detailed and precise conclusions on the basis of the various studies in the current scientific literature. In the course of the analysis, this syndrome will be differentiated from the better known nitrogen narcosis with a few hints. Another objective is to mention the preventive measures that allow one to understand the onset of potentially very dangerous symptoms in an extreme environment such as diving. We briefly discuss saturation dives and their usefulness, emphasising their use in the Navy. The drug therapy solution discussed here emphasises the compressive or decompressive differences, in particular with respect to the Navy tables and the more recent tables published by the U.S. Navy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to deepen, on the basis of studies personally conducted, further facets of a little-known late Byzantine epyllion (the Theanó by Michael Choniates), and yet extremely interesting both from a literary and a more broadly cultural point of view. In particular, we will focus on two sections of the poem, that is the proem and the inspired revelation of the (neo)pythagorean Theanó, announced from the very beginning of the poem. For the purpose of facilitating the consultation of the text and its first translation to a modern language, the lines examined are reproduced as annex to the following contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open peer review (OPR) is a type of review that has long since made space alongside the more well-known single-blind and double-blind peer reviews. Despite this, we still do not have a shared definition by the scientific community and publishers. The purpose of this paper is to offer some reflections on the selection of reviewers in OPR, a process that in its current configuration is traced back to the 19th century. After a brief overview of the best-known definitions of open peer review, the paper continues with an analysis of some aspects of reviewer selection carried out with the help of data from a recent survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]