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This paper explores digraphia – the ability for one person to use two different scripts at the same time – in the 16th-century French community in Rome, where both cancelleresca italica and modern French cursive coexisted. It aims to verify what influenced French writers to adopt distinct graphic solutions, based on their relationship with the text, language, and function of writing. The phenomenon is mostly represented by professional writers, who were able to master both graphic styles at the same level of expertise. Nevertheless, there are also some writers who employ both scriptures at an usual level, showing a higher degree of contamination. All these writers – particularly when acting as delegated writers – show great awareness in their choice of one graphic style over the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the late ninth-century Bobbio manuscript Torino, Biblioteca nazionale universitaria, F.IV.8, witness of Iohannes Hymmonides’ Vita Gregorii Magni, followed by the slightly later-added text of the visio Dryhthelmi, from Bede’s Historia ecclesiastica (V, 12). The codex bears clear traces of a mid-fifteenth-century restoration, aimed at filling lacunae of various entities along the text. The presence of two conspicuous errors, respectively between quires 12 and 13, and quire 16 and f. 124, urges further codicological and paleographical investigation on the codex. From this analysis some clues emerge to the existence of two ʻtwinʼ codices, which were merged together, in order to make one manuscript out of two formerly autonomous, damaged witnesses. Eight fragments once belonging to these two copies of the Vita Gregorii and then reused as guard-leaves in other Bobbio manuscripts now preserved in the Ambrosiana and Vaticana Libraries, as well as in the Turin Library itself, corroborate the hypothesis. It thus appears that, shortly after the publication of the biography of Gregory the Great, the Bobbio scriptorium drawn it up in two copies, the one for the abbey library, the other for the nearby small book collection kept at the Spelunca. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to reconsider the handwriting of Heiric of Auxerre from a palaeographical point of view as well as in relation to his biography. A close study of ms. Melk, Stiftsbibliothek, 412 shows that two different hands wrote the notes traditionally attributed to him: it appears that only one of these two hands is Heiric’s, as can be seen through a hitherto neglected Tironian note in the calendar. Moreover, such hand is not the one that wrote ms. London, British Library, Harley 2735. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reflections presented in this paper aim at illustrating some theoretical issues of crucial importance in the philosophical and theological debate on religious pluralism. They aim at accounting for (as opposite to 'getting the better of') religious diversity, i.e. at recognizing the condition of irreducible otherness. On that ground, the requirement of interreligious dialogue would consist, rather than in retrieving a common ground or threads, present in each religion, in bringing into play and maintaining a distance that requires to remain uncrossed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper, after a brief introduction, traces back the historical event, before and after the wars of the last century, which led to the establishment of the Council of European Municipalities, highlighting the Italian contribution in the second post-war period to the development of the role of local autonomies in the process of European integration as a political-ideal and socio-territorial basis for the formation of a Europe of citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to investigate the instruments of popular participation, specifically the deliberative ones, provided in the Chilean constituent processes, with particular reference to the one that ended on 4 September 2022, with the failure to approve the constitutional text drafted by the Constitutional Convention, and to the current constituent process started with the "Acuerdo por Chile" of the following December 12. The purpose is to highlight not only the centrality of these instruments in the writing of a new constitutional text, but also the benefits and problems arising from their use. The analysis of popular participation in Chilean constituent processes also allows to point out their similarities and differences and to reflect, if only partially, on the future of the Chilean constituent moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to present different types of texts written by clerics of the Office of pontifical ceremonies at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. The author will try to explain why in this period the production of texts such as ceremonials, ordines, tractatus, diaries and liturgical commentaries was particularly intensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Also on the basis of autobiographical memories regarding fascism and the Second World War, some reflections are made on the ideology and propaganda of the war, especially in reference to the education of children. Among others, the following concepts are discussed: the "«as if» personality" of Helene Deutsch; the "authoritarian personality" of Theodor Adorno and collaborators, and the "fascist character" described by Wilhelm Reich. Also other contributions are mentioned, such as Sigmund Freud's study on mass psychology, Erich Fromm's reflections on "escape from freedom", Ernst Kris' considerations on the "danger" of propaganda, and so on. After an Introduction, this paper consists of the following paragraphs: Questions of method; The construction of a soul; By way of reason; The "as if" personality; Authoritarian Personality: "F" Personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transcription of a paper given at the meeting "Psychological therapies for anxiety and depression: New forms of clinical and organizational integration" (Island of San Servolo, Venice, Italy, October 26, 2022) is published. After the description of the main characteristics of the English program Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT), the importance of some aspects of the IAPT program are discussed, such as the following, among others: the reliability of guidelines; a national training program in evidence-based psychological therapies where also the therapists' competence is carefully evaluated; the collection and publication of all outcome data, that allowed the understanding and the solution of many problems (e.g., the differences in outcome among ethnic groups, the improvement of services located in socially deprived areas, etc.); the wellbeing and the level of motivation of the psychological therapists (about 10,000) employed in the IAPT services, where there should be leadership figures who do not give importance solely to treatments outcomes but are also able to create a stimulating and innovative environment characterized by the pleasure of working together, improving and learning new things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palamas' theology, at the apex of which is the mysticism of uncreated light, is taken by this article as a paradigmatic model of the identity of the Christian East. Starting with the theme of light, the short essay will examine the ontological status of the divine energies and the anthropological doctrine that Palamas developed from the distinction in God between essence and energies. The aim of this paper is to bring out lines of plausible inclusion on the part of Catholic theology, of the thought oof the "star of orthodoxy" (Ορθοδοξίας ο φωσΤήρ), as he is defined by the Orthodox Church. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitization project Giving a new voice to sources. Communicate humanistic research for all aims to make available to the scientific community the audio archive of the Bruno Kessler Foundation's Library, which preserves the recordings of the conference activities of the two humanistic research centers of the Foundation. The project represents, at least in Italy, one of the first attempts to realize a virtual space devoted to audio archival sources researchable freely online to avoid the deterioration of a cultural heritage of extremely scientific relevance, leading to its conservation and availability. The deterioration of the analogue media of the archival collection makes the digitization a matter of survival which allows a diffusion otherwise unthinkable. The accessibility to the audio archival sources allows for enlarging the number of scholars and students that can benefit from the collection for the research. It also allows general users to approach the cultural contents of the humanities. The paper aims to describe the goals, the phases of realization of the project, the methodological problems due to the critical issues of the material supports, the descriptive analysis of the contents, and the opening of the database. The first part of the essay describes the history of the audio archive of the library. This archive covers an extensive period from 1974 to the new Millennium and is composed of the reels and compact audio cassette. The second part analyses the phases of work of the project, from the preliminary analysis of the support to the conversion and the digital reworking. The last part is dedicated to the method adopted in the compilation of metadata of the files and to the description of the structure of the database, as well as his research functions and the descriptive scheme of each audio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper traces the history, including legislation, of the libraries of the State archives, born, often thanks to the will and tenacity of the directors who, through a capillary correspondence network with the cultural institutions of the national territory, fleshed out the newly erected libraries with volumes as a gift or obtained through exchanges of book doubles. The purchase on the antiquarian market and from private citizens of single volumes but also of entire book collections, important for reconstructing the history - including literary history - of the territory of competence, makes these libraries unique in their kind. Established for the updating of archivist officials and to allow them to study, reorganize and inventory documentary collections, over time they have changed their mission by expanding the audience of consultation to external users but only if they are unable to find publications in other libraries. To date, despite boasting a library heritage of a certain importance and often unique, they are managed in the absence of personnel in the role of librarian with all the problems that this entails in terms of cataloguing, planning of purchases and assistance for bibliographic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the analysis of the works and theories by Paul Otlet and Otto Neurath, focusing on their positions on the visual value attributed to images as a worldwide knowledge-democratization means. In detail, the theories properly defined by the authors and also the existing scientific studies in the literature referring to the visual communication conceived as a resource by which disseminate and achieve knowledge on a wide level will be illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the various themes addressed in Storia confidenziale dell'editoria italiana by Gian Arturo Ferrari, published by Marsilio in 2022. The author is one of the main protagonists of Italian publishing industry: he worked for almost fifty years in Mondadori and for other publishers, as well as presided over the Centro per il libro e la lettura. From this privileged observatory, he reconstructs atmospheres and anecdotes and provides a wealth of data and information on the events that have characterized the main Italian publishers' life, extending his reflection to the development of Italian society in general. The work is not (only) an historiographical essay but also a story written by someone who was witness and protagonist of the narrated facts, representing, at the same time, a handbook for those who want to work in this world and learn the publisher's profession: it is a book that was not there until now and that certainly fills a gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper illustrates the results of a survey conducted in the period January-February 2023 involving the users of the Turin Public Libraries, an urban system currently affected by a significant strategic rethinking process. Through the analysis of the answers to questionnaire provided by 3,926 people, it was possible to bring to light the complexity and the multidimensionality of the act of reading and to gather interesting information on three central issues: the process that leads readers to choose the book; the libraries' role in fostering and enriching the reading experience; the complementarity between book and other form of access to narrative world, both outside and within libraries. These cognitive elements can help both to improve the collection development policies and to favor the meeting between readers and collections, also through their integrated and transmedial organization within an enriched physical and virtual bibliographic space, which stimulates and enhances the reading experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses non-academic training in evaluation with a twofold perspective. The first one will focus on the reconstruction of a map of the existing training offer in Italy. This map, updated at September 2022, will propose an overview of the existing courses in terms of both main features (e.g.: duration, structure, providers) and macro-contents. The second perspective will match the results of this analysis with the profile, overall and by competences, of the Expert in Evaluation of Policies, Programmes, Projects and Institutions as defined by the Italian Evaluation Society (A.I.V.). This match intends to explore the correspondence between the courses and the A.I.V. proposal. In such a way, an attempt will be made, on the one hand, to contextualize the courses with respect to A.I.V. evaluator's profile and competences and, on the other hand, to do the same with A.I.V. profile in relation to evaluation courses. Finally, some recommendations will be proposed on the basis of the evidence produced by the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the paper is to address and explore a much-debated issue within the evaluation community: the idea of "democratic evaluation". What exactly is meant by this term? When can an evaluation be said to be democratic? Through the adoption of what behaviours should this ideal translate into concrete working practice? The essay aims to contribute to broadening the community's debate on these questions, which are central at a historical-political moment such as the post-emergence from Covid-19 and in the midst of an international crisis, that between Russia and Ukraine, which calls democratic evaluation into question in our country. On a general level, in fact, the situation of uncertainty due to the unpredictable effects of the pandemic, the social and economic crisis in the country and the consequent growing distrust of the citizens towards the administration seem to have increased the demand for accountability, leading to talk, as in the rest of Europe as well, of a "democratic deficit". On the other hand, recent administrative re-centralization, even assisted by current evaluative practices, only aggravates the inefficiency of public administration. Accountability, freedom and democracy are never given, they need to be defended, always regained: evaluation assumes a strategic role to this end; it can help bring citizens closer to public administration. The crisis between Russia and Ukraine is changing geopolitical balances; the effects of the war economy, inflation, the energy crisis, and the possible escalation of the conflict add to the uncertain situation due to the pandemic. New inequalities and an increase in poverty threaten to generate deep rifts in the country's socioeconomic fabric. Systemic shocks add to chronic problems: a demographic collapse, stagnation, job insecurity, and a lag in digitization. At the same time, the political system fails to represent and stabilize consensus over time. Governments also suffer from this instability, with the inability to design and implement structural reforms for the country, including that of the bureaucracy. Social complexity, chronic problems and systemic shocks, require the ability to apply effective public policies. State intervention and the ability of the bureaucracy to be efficient and responsive to social change are central issues for the health of democracy. Public policies move within a framework of very high complexity, in which the role of evaluation emerges, which should tend to the development of democratic accountability, illuminating decision-making choices through its methodological rigor, analytical capacity and scientific knowledge. The essay thus aims to address the potential of a democratic evaluation that can broaden the number of stakeholders, the field of values that are taken into account, the repertoire of research methods, the field of interest of policies, and the very definition of the objects of evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 disease deeply changed our daily life, due to a strong rebound on our relationships and on our emotional part of personality. In this writing the psychological question is not discussed from the pathology's perspective but from the perspective of the normal mental faculties. In this paper according to the categories of time, space and relationship, as described by the psychoanalytic theory of mind, there is the effort to analyze if the contemporary malaise could be described as a physiologic reaction or as a severe mental disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay exposes some of the most important features of the transformations occurred in school (according to SAMR model by R. Puentedura) and work due to the spread of digital teaching and smart working practices. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the ethical and psychological reflection on the algorithmization of existence (according to E. Sadin and M. Benasayg), the transformation of human beings in «performance subjects» who live in the «Burnout Society» (B.-Ch. Han), and then the challenge of emancipation in the political field through digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) was a prominent Romanian politician known for his unwavering integrity and honesty. Maniu's legacy as a champion of Romanian patriotism and his close ties to the Greek-Catholic Church are celebrated. The narrative delves into his pivotal role in the union of Transylvania with Romania, alongside figures like Cardinal Iuliu Hossu and Patriarch Miron Cristea. sheds light on the challenges Maniu faced under the communist regime, culminating in his unjust imprisonment and tragic passing. The paper also examines Maniu's early life, education, and political career, highlighting his instrumental role in the Great Union of 1918. His leadership in the National Peasants' Party (Partidul Naţional Ţărănesc) and his efforts to create a thriving middle class in Romania are explored. The test emphasizes the stark contrast between the pre-and post-World War II political landscapes in Romania, marked by the rise of the Romanian Communist Party and the subsequent suppression of traditional parties. The grim reality of political trials and the harsh treatment of dissenting voices, including Maniu, are vividly depicted. The article concludes with reflections on Maniu's enduring legacy, underscoring his continued admiration for his contributions to Romanian nationhood and democratic ideals. Despite the efforts to erase his memory during the communist era, Maniu's impact remains an indelible part of Romania's history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we intend to disclose the contribution given by Cosimo De Giorgi to the start of epigraphic studies in Salento. The discussion is carried out in three distinct paragraphs: the first offers a survey of all the inscriptions, both in dialect and in Italian, mentioned in the famous "travel sketches"; in the second one takes stock of the situation on the major epigraphs in the vernacular still available in the Terra d'Otranto, pointing out three unpublished inscriptions; in the third and in the appendix there is news of an autograph by De Giorgi containing a large collection of Salento inscriptions. Contextually, the relationship between De Giorgi and some important Byzantinists of the time is outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primal repression, D.: Urverdrängung, is a concept belonging to the realm of metapsychological necessities, of the first structuralisation and construction of the mental system. It was postulated by Freud (1911, 1915, 1926, 1937) to retrospectively explain the mechanism of repression (repression proper) as a movement of attraction by something which is already there. Contrary to repression proper/secondary repression, D.: Nachdrängen, the “cornersone” of psychoanalytic thinking, the concept of primal repression stays partly forgotten, partly incomprehensible, even though its underlying conceptualisations have been attracting increased attention over the years. This paper approaches that realm by investigating representability and unrepresentable, dynamic: action – representation, and the birth of psychic from the requirements of work. The first internal duality and the first bond are introduced into psychic life by the processes of primal repression, a tension between regressive attraction and the formation-reconstruction of psychic processes. Clinical material is presented as an illustration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper attempts to reflect on the value and meaning of psychoanalysis as well as the very fact of what to be a psychoanalyst means. Psychoanalysis is seen as a path towards the possibility of obtaining greater degrees of freedom in life, within the limits of what is possible, by facing the desires, difficulties and fears that growing up entails, such as the need and the fear of needing other, or the very fantasy of being able to find ourselves deprived of the protection that our chains offer us. We don’t grow up alone, but benefiting from our family, as well as from friends and colleagues, from our own analysts and masters who have supported us in our training, searching for our own personal identity in which past experiences can be given new meaning in a new authenticity. A fragment of a clinical experience is presented in which analyst and patient meet, with their mutual personal histories, motivations, and desires, as people with different roles who decide to have a common intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will focus on what the author calls the "green factor": the plant world's ability to foster profound healing and self-healing processes. This factor could be considered an element capable of promoting the analytic couple's journey in individuation through a "good enough rhythmical interaction". Such interaction is made possible by creating and maintaining, in therapy, a good level of empathy, mirroring and resonance that -- echoing natural cyclical rhythms primarily in nonverbal communication -- fosters the passage from dissociation to integration. This dynamic depends mainly on paying constant attention to the various kinds of images referring to nature (both inside and outside ourselves), i.e. attention on the "green world" that reconnects us with the wider ecosystem of which we human beings form a part. The author suggests that remembering and respecting the profound relationship between Mind and Earth or Psyche and Gaia means developing and cultivating an ecological attitude or eco-oriented epistemology, a theory according to which, individual wellbeing can be considered a fragment of the health of our planet, in the same way as the individual anima is a spark of anima mundi. This theory has been embraced by numerous scholars ranging from Jung to Bateson, Mancuso and Schore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vicissitudes of a group of psychotherapy with adolescent patients, from its foundation to just over one year of work, bring to the attention of the conductor and of the observer of the group the suffered subject of the absence of the other. Depending on the analysed matter, and therefore at different levels, in this paper they retrace, listening also to their own countertransference, the trouble and urgency to match depressive and deadly experiences linked to absence and loss. Far from regarding the matter as depending only on the patients, the conductor and the observer ask themselves about the drives that have supported and influenced the birth and the definition of this group, which shows working features of its own, which are described in here. Then the hypothesis is suggested that a "joint" among different facts (such as the lack of a shared group culture in the institution where the group was born, the often small number of participants, the histories of the patients scattered with dropouts and also the tasks of adolescent development itself) have resulted in and allowed the group, if not to work through the matter of the absence of the other, at least to push on presenting it in different times and with different languages (interactions among participants, actings out, movie storytelling,...), aiming to expand increasingly broader areas of thinkability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the Author describes the origins, motivations and developments of the Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy School (SPP) and Psychoanalytic Studies Association (ASP) in Milan since their foundation up to nowadays. Particularly, the Author illustrates the evolution of the psychoanalytic approach of the School and Association in the light of their common Masters's thought (Gaetano Benedetti and Johannes Cremerius). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a hermeneutic of the concept of the common good in the corpus of texts that make up the Social Doctrine of the Church. The introduction points out the diversity of the use of the term in the same corpus of texts and the naivety that exists in limiting the notion to its supposed definition in Gaudium et spes 26. The first part of the paper starts from the analysis of chapter II of Gaudium et spes and shows that the coherence of the theological narrative in which paragraph 26 is inscribed refers to the scholastic and patristic syntheses of the common good. The essential features of these two syntheses, recently recovered by the research, are then made explicit. The conclusion proposes a new hermeneutical basis for understanding the deployment of the notion of the common good in the texts of the pontifical magisterium on social ethics. This conclusion serves as the basis for the second part of the article, which proposes precisely such a re-reading of the Church's Social Doctrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the moral-theological approaches to the morality of war in the last 60 years. First, it notes the abandonment of the "just war" paradigm, in force since St. Augustine until the second half of the 20th century and definitively declared invalid by Pope Francis. Secondly, it analyzes and discards the ethical paradigms that have emerged since Vatican II: the paradigm of "Just Defense", the paradigm of "Humanitarian Interference" and the paradigm of "Preventive War". Following the orientations of Pope Francis, the Author proposes an "Absolute No to War", for whose realization modifications in the Institutions of International Law and the creation of a Just World Order are required. The Author notes the inspirational force of the encyclical Pacem in terris to realize the paradigm shift about the morality of war. The article concludes with a moral assessment of the war Invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, initiated on 24.02.2022 and still ongoing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a letter to his friend Burgundio (Sidon. epist. 9.14), who was about to write a laus Caesaris, Sidonius Apollinaris drew up a short list of the works written on Caesar that Burgundio had to face: scripta Patavinis, opera Svetonii, ephemeris Balbi, and finally a Iuventii Martialis historia. If the mention of Livy, Suetonius, and Balbus is not surprising, the name Iuventius Martialis (or Vivencius in the Parisinus Latinus 9551) raises some problems: first the identification and, subsequently, the nature of his work on Caesar. Following an ancient hypothesis of identification as Quintus Gargilius Martialis, this paper aims to discuss this suggestion by placing it in the political and cultural context of the end of the Severan age, during the reign of Severus Alexander. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a new interpretation of Ar. Nub. 554. The aim is to stress the dependence of the expression ἐκστρέψας ... κακὸς κακῶς on a principle of ancient literary criticism here called the "poetic identity principle", based on the overlap between the author's nature and the content of his work. This dependence has been neglected until now. Therefore, I shall prove the principle is present in the line by first analysing the structure of the sequence in which the line is found (518-559) and then comparing l. 554 to other of Aristophanes' loci. Moreover, I shall argue that Aristophanes usually recalls the principle to build negative and positive poetic paradigms: such a principle may also concern the author himself within his own work, which had not been noticed before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maenads in pop culture are usually women with a strong eroticism, distinguished by sexual addiction and pure lust, malice, and murders. However, the maenads in Ancient Greek iconography and drama were completely different, not connected to the sexual sphere or to the manipulation of men. Ancient Greek maenads preserve their chastity, and their task is to honor Dionysus with dances and rites. The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the common thread that has led to this contemporary sexual and gloomy distinctive characterization of maenads in modern media and to understand where this dark vision of maenadism comes from. The stages on this journey through times past are the Bacchanalia scandal (186 B.C.), the black legend of Messalina, some cases of Christian condemnations, and the conception of maenads during the Renaissance and Victorian Hellenism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to complete the knowledge of the Macrolepidoptera fauna present in the province of Alessandria, with the addition of further findings of species not included in previous contributions (Cabella & Fiori, 2006, 2010). Each species is accompanied by brief notes on its Italian distribution and phenology. After the systematic list, an area of particular faunistic interest, the Apennine zone of Guardamonte in the municipality of Gremiasco/San Sebastiano Curone in Val Curone, is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we reported the list of nocturnal macromoth collected during one year of sampling in a territory delimited by Alli and Simeri rivers, on the south-eastern slope of the Sila Massif, Calabria. Ten sites representative of the main forest types, mainly thermophilous oaks and riparian forests, were investigated at an altitude between 90 and 650 m a.s.l. One UV LED light trap was positioned in each site, activated monthly during the same night, from June 2019 to April 2021. Altogether we collected 20,366 specimens belonging to 429 species. Most abundant species were those linked to the forest cover by the feeding habit of larvae (Eupithecia dodoneata, Cyclophora puppillaria, Watsonalla uncinula, and Catocala sp.pl.) or those without strict ecological preferences (Peribatodes rhomboidaria, Idaea filicata, I. degeneraria, Eilema caniola). The finding of the following species has great biogeographical interest: Cryphia receptricula, found for the first time in Calabria, Aegle agatha, known in Italy for three localities so far, Horisme exoletata, so far reported in peninsular Italy in this area only, Denticucullus pygmina and Orectis cfr. proboscidata, so far collected in Calabria in only one locality. Furthermore, 44 species were collected for the first time in the Sila Massif and 7 for the first time along the Ionian Coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pier Francesco Galli's introduction to the book Preconscio e creatività [Preconscious and Creativity] (Turin: Einaudi, 1999) is reprinted. This book contains seven contributions written between 1939 and 1979, namely: a paper read by David Rapaport on June 10, 1942, at the Menninger Foundation (later included in The Collected Papers of David Rapaport, edited by Merton M. Gill in 1967 and translated into Italian in 1977 with an introduction by Enzo Codignola and Pier Francesco Galli), three papers by Ernst Kris (two of 1939 and 1949, respectively, later included in his 1952 book Psychoanalytic Explorations in Art, translated into Italian by Elvio Fachinelli in 1967 with a preface by Ernst H. Gombrich, and one of 1956, included in his Selected Papers of 1975, translated into Italian in 1977), and three papers by Peter B. Neubauer, Harold P. Blum e Pinchas Noy of 1978, 1979, and 1976, respectively. Among other things, the complexity of the concept of insight, that may have multiple meanings, is emphasized. This concept has been investigated by various authors, also outside psychoanalysis, who have contributed to the construction of psychoanalytic knowledge, that in itself is an interminable process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of a research funded by the Veneto Region concerning the study of innovative temporary wooden housing units for the hospitalisation and accommodation of elderly people in the case of functional requalification of buildings used as care homes. The project originates from the observation that existing buildings used as care homes may often need to be redeveloped. In this scenario, a temporary housing unit with advanced comfort and energy saving features may, therefore, constitute an optimal solution for the protection of elderly people and, at the same time, to experiment with new models of living, besides possibly adapting them for permanent accommodation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the analysis of a cycle of sonnets neglected by criticism (Rime 126-130), this paper aims to demonstrate the meaning of the private themes in Bembo's lyrics with regard to the historical context of the first thirty years of the XVI century, in connection with the uncertainty generated by the Italian Wars as well as with the role of intellectuals and writers in Renaissance society. All of the texts are tied to a precise moment, the year 1526: the extremes of the sequence are two civic-political sonnets, addressed to Clemente VII and his datary Giberti, while the central texts are dedicated to the theme of friendship and to la Morosina's illness. The series appears particularly uneven, even more so because of its position just behind the ending of the amorous canzoniere and before the spiritual texts; however, the sonnets are bound together by the theme of fortune and history, in which is rooted Bembo's idea of the love lyric. The paper proves that this thematic thread hints at an articulated discourse about poetic autonomy, grounded in the Latin classics, which represent the true substrate of Bembo's poetry. The study of the sources and of the macrotext confirms the importance of Propertius and Horace in the Rime: specifically, in the Venusian poet Bembo identified a point of reference for the definition of the writers' position vis-à-vis power and for the idea of constructing a monumental work, capable of making eternal not only the memory of its author but also that of his friends, lovers, and lords who are involved in the verses; in Propertius, instead, he saw an example for the treatment of the amorous theme in poetic discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group-analytic diagnosis was explored in the following paper. In the training field, the writing of this paper resulted from collaboration between teachers and postgraduates of the COIRAG Postgraduate School, in Rome. In particular, a paper's excerpt was submitted by some students at the seminar entitled "The field of diagnosis: personality, family and context", held by Vittorio Lingiardi and Nancy McWilliams. A case illustration has been described, exemplifying a way of observing the diagnostic process and constructing the therapeutic project, within the groupanalytic field. So the authors focused on some process diagnostic variables, such as the relationship between identification and identity, family network and social network, "co-transfert", dream work, the institutional level. For the authors, the analytic diagnosis of the patient involves careful observation of both the intrapsychic world of patient and therapist and the interpersonal and social context. This way of approaching the diagnostic process is very present in the research project carried out over the years by the seminar speakers, which led to the writing of the PDM. Some connections between the psychodynamic setting of PDM and the group-analytic one will be proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that self-disclosure is intimately related to traumatic experience and the pressures on the analyst not to re-traumatize the patient or repeat traumatic dynamics. The paper gives a number of examples of such pressures and outlines the difficulties the analyst may experience in adopting an analytic attitude -- attempting to stay as closely as possible with what the patient brings. It suggests that self-disclosure may be used to try to disconfirm the patient's negative sense of themselves or the analyst, or to try to induce a positive sense of self or of the analyst which, whilst well-meaning, may be missing the point and may be prolonging the patient's distress. Examples are given of staying with the co-construction of the traumatic early relational dynamics and thus working through the traumatic complex; this attitude is compared and contrasted with some relational psychoanalytic attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research project aims to display a prototype system that includes the creation of a telematic version of the most important cognitive-behavioural battery, Cognitive Behavioural Assessment 2.0, and therefore significant data collection at a national level. The model developed provides online administration of the Cognitive Behavioural Assessment 2.0 battery. The Google Forms platform enables the questionnaire to be filled in using a PC, tablet or smartphone and the evaluation to be made remotely. The raw data, collected by Google Forms, will be automatically sent to the battery scoring program using the GM.2.CBA software developed. The software will also automatically create an output file for each compilation and then combine the scoring data of all the compilations received into a further database. The researcher will send the client's Cognitive Behavioural Assessment 2.0 scoring file to their respective mental health professional by e-mail. This system has several advantages for the three user levels (clients, mental health professionals, and researchers) mostly regarding time saving and procedural ease. The main expectations are: facilitation for the remote completion of the questionnaire, in particular, regarding barriers in paper and pencil tasks; more fluidity in the process of scoring and sending research data for mental health professionals; a reduction and potential zeroing of compilation errors and omissions; sizeable data collection deriving at the same time from different social demographic contexts; an easier way to publish updates in the CBA Battery; a reduction in paper consumption that can lead to cost savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a new methodological approach to collection evaluation in public libraries, with the aim to read bibliographic and usage data in a less self-referential way and to improve collection development and management. Behind this approach there are two integrated types of analysis. The first one is a quantitative and qualitative benchmarking between different library collections: the attention focuses on the size of collections, the variety, the publishers, the subjects, the circulation data. The second type of analysis concerns the benchmarking between library collections and editorial production. Also in this case, the comparison covers the quantitative aspects (number of books selected by libraries and number of books published), the qualitative aspects (subjects, types of documents, Conspectus levels) and the usage data (loans and sales). The paper illustrates the results of a first and experimental application of this methodological approach for the analysis of collection portions of 26 public libraries (belonged to two Italian library systems), that are compared with the editorial production of the subject area Social sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the topics of violence and enmity both in terms of their traditional and cultural characteristics, as well as in light of the transformations undergone between the 16th and 17th centuries following the measures implemented in various European environments to target above all the alarming phenomenon of banditry, and adopted in consideration of the new-found need for safety and tranquillity. Enmity is typical of all human groups everywhere and at any point in time. And since for long it was often closely related to a distinct dimension of violence, its characteristics and changes reveal the symbolic meanings and values that each society ascribes to conflicts and to the methods of their resolution. In fact, the concept of enmity, deeply intertwined with that of revenge, played an essential role within a society in which a peace-centred order was not only pre-eminent but also constituted as the safeguarding of social hierarchies focused on status, kinship, and honour. In the second half of the 16th century, in the wake of widespread social insecurity and the crisis of political polycentrism that had characterised the mediaeval state, the cultural system of enmity lost its traditional stamp and became, often unawares, a means of extreme violence. This passage is clearly noticeable in the ruthless challenge that the central powers mounted against banditry, enacting a legislation that led to a veritable state of emergency, which among other things entailed an explicit mandate for the use of private violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After an introduction by Pier Francesco Galli, the paper presented at a meeting entitled “Ten years of groups in Italy”, organized by Enzo Spaltro (1929-2021) in Milan in May 1970, is published. These are the themes that are discussed, among others: the role of the intellectual, and in particular of the psychoanalyst, in a society in transformation and which is modernizing; the function of group psychological and psychotherapeutic techniques and their possible use in a manipulative way; the importation of theories and techniques and the problem of possible cultural “colonization” by other countries; industrial and organizational psychology and the role of the psychologist in companies; and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to show how, beyond appearances, attention to creation and more generally to the sphere of ecology are not at all absent from Jesus’ teaching. A quick survey of some pericopes will show how the Gospels, in narrating the creation, suggests and inspires a relationship between man and nature of perfect communion and mutual integration. A renewed focus on the Jesus-creation relationship not only fills an investigative gap, but also provides some essential keys to correctly understanding the entire biblical treatment of creation, helping to reinvigorate awareness and moral responsibility about it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper wishes to offer a look at the theme of synodality, starting from the urgent apocalyptic invitation: «He who has ears, let him give ear to what the Spirit says to the Churches». A vision of the post-paschal Church in her fight against evil, the red dragon and two beasts – a demonic triad –, envious of the Woman and Christ the Lamb, the Arníon. The synodality of the Church introduces us to the synodal life of the Trinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fear is an emotion that is experienced in response to events that undermine one's sense of personal security. Patients with Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) experience fear when they find themselves in situations, especially interpersonal ones, in which they see themselves as weak, as losers or victims and wait for others to respond violently or threateningly to their wishes. At that point, patients implement specific coping strategies to manage fear such as fight or flee, anger and rumination. In this work, the authors describe fear as a primary emotion and decline it within narcissistic functioning, in turn linked to interpersonal maladaptive schemas and narcissistic copings from the perspective of interpersonal metacognitive therapy. The aim of this paper is to show how fear can be traced in the experience of NPD-affected patients and included in case formulation in order to plan a more precise and effective treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution offers a brief overview about the development of the nosology of the mental diseases proposed by the DSM system, taking into consideration the epistemological background of such evolution. The aim of this overview is to understand whether a change in the scientific paradigm is actually taking place, as Antonietti, Borgatti and Giorgetti's (2022) paper suggests. RDoC (2009) and Human Connectome (2011) projects, supported by NHI, are proposing alternative ways to carry out a diagnostic process in the case of mental diseases and, in particular, in the case of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the thesis of this contribution is that, so far, these new perspectives cannot be considered valid substitutions of the DSM/ICD systems yet. Hence, for the moment, it seems wise to keep teaching and using diagnostic categories listed in manuals, as they play a relevant role in the communication of the diagnosis and provide normative means to support the person with special needs and his/her family. The awareness of the drawbacks of such categories, though, currently suggests applying and promoting an assessment procedure aimed to get the representation of the whole functioning profile of the person according to a transdiagnostic and multidimensional perspective. Such integration of categories and dimensions is expected to offer the best way to plan interventions to support adaptive behavior and wellbeing in people with special needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides the scientific community and the clinic practitioners dealing with neurodevelopmental disorders with a list of open questions about research and diagnosis. Such questions are elicited by the evidence coming from neuroscience investigations and from the outline of a different framework to understand disorders with onset in the developmental period. The broad heterogeneity that characterizes the diagnostic categories of neurodevelopmental disorders has favored the emergence of constructs referable to complexity, multidimensionality, and comorbidity. The reflection is carried-out according to the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach. RDoC is a dimensional diagnostic system with the aim of shifting the focus of research and clinical practice away from the existing diagnostic categories towards dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures. The transdiagnostic perspective of the RDoc approach is used here both as a possible criticism of the dominant research paradigms and as a challenge to rethink neurodevelopmental disorders and as a potential solution to intercept the specificities of the phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the nowadays world characterized by complexity, the digital systems for archival and bibliographic description are, especially in Italy, a faithful mirror of too many horizontal (among bodies with national functions) and vertical (among central and peripheral levels) complications. The integration of data sets conceived according to the up-to-date conceptual domain models would simplify the dynamics of representation, improve user experiences, and optimize the environmental costs of computing infrastructures. The concepts to be shared should relate to agents (individual or collective), places, and chronological data, deepening on how to address the more complex issues opened by things. This paper introduces three possible scenarios of semantic cooperation between archivists and librarians, not necessarily alternative: activating a conceptual matching through common entities, relying on a neutral semantic data infrastructure such as Wikidata, or, finally, developing a transversal core ontology. Hoping that disciplinary boundaries will not impede cooperation, two types of impediments must be considered: the organizational one (bottom-up, top-down, or a virtuous synergy between the two organizational models?) and the crucial issue of offering easy-to-use interfaces to end users, not only constituted by software agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an analysis of user tasks in the conceptual models, with an overview of the objectives and functions of the catalogue from Cutter to the International Cataloguing Principles, a critical reflection on user tasks and a proposal for a rethinking of these. The user tasks as presented in the conceptual models present critical aspects, in particular they do not bring out some important aspects concerning the users' motivations for searches and the users' competences. The presentation of some critical aspects of user Ttasks is followed by an initial proposal for a more complex reflection on how users use catalogues to carry out searches of different kinds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]