The manuscript Vat. lat. 4418 contains, amongst rnedical and pharmacological works, a Latin glossary of plants, minerals and animal substances used in Medieval medicine and pharmacopedia. In this paper we offer a codicological description of the manuscript, followed by a descriptive transcription of the medical and botanical glossary. The majority of the terms contained in this glossary have suffered great deformations due to both copy errors and ignorance. Since a great deal of botanical terms come from Greek and the knowledge of such language in the IIth century West was very poor, we witness several morphological, phonetic and semantic transformations that make some words unrecognisable. In an attempt to regularize such terms, we have added a final index of cult forms which, however incomplete, tries to provide the reader with a useful tool for further analysis.