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Copyright of Scienza & Politica is the property of University of Bologna, Department of Political & Social Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(3), 1139-1158 | Article | (Table of Contents) I. Introduction. - II. Setting the scene: legal characteristics of the "triangular" fundamental rights protection system. - III. The modern protection of fundamental rights. - IV. The Court's "substance of the rights" doctrine. - V. The way forward: taking the "substance of the rights" doctrine a step further. - V.1. Delimiting the proposal in accordance with Art. 2 TEU. - V.2. Another use of rights. - V.3. The paradigm of effective judicial protection. - VI. Concluding remarks. | (Abstract) The financial crisis has revealed gaps in the protection of EU citizens against unjust deprivations of their rights, including the right to effective judicial protection, due to the difficulty in challenging the consequences of the conditionality imposed. This Article suggests that the deficient protection derives from the limited scope of application of fundamental rights under the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Charter) and its unstable judicial interpretation, along with the fact that EU citizenship rights have not developed sufficiently. I will, however, argue that there is a duty to protect citizens within a constitutionalised Union, against any deprivations of their rights contrary to the values of the Union itself. This Article aims to fill these gaps, by developing the connection between EU fundamental and EU citizenship rights, using the judicially developed "substance of the rights" doctrine. Various attempts have been made to achieve this end, yet some loose ends remain which are largely addressed in this Article through the establishment of a new jurisdictional test, which combines a dynamic reading of Art. 20 TFEU and the "substance of the rights" doctrine, and Art. 2 TEU and fundamental rights as general principles of EU law.

Copyright of Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Educazione and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Educazione and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane is the property of FrancoAngeli srl and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Description: The paper evolves from the consideration on the necessity of sensitizing students to a very actual topic such as animal Ethics and of stimulating empathy towards all the species of the planet. The pivotal question of the study is the following: how can a teacher increase empathy and raise awareness of this theme in students during his or her lessons? To answer the question a few months ago I conducted a project entitled Animal Ethics during my ESL (English as a second language) classes in an Italian school. The participants were students (18-56 years old) attending the last year of an evening course in a technical commercial institute. The work is structured into three parts. At the beginning of the case study I will present the constructivist approach, which is the one I adopted and whose use is also suggested by the World Health Organization in the Life Skills Education in Schools Program – an initiative that highlights the importance of growing psychosocial skills at school and explains how to do it – and by the Italian Istituto Superiore di Sanità for the introduction of animal Ethics at school. In the second section of the paper I will analyze the different activities I created and, lately, I will report the results of the experience, final considerations on the didactical path and general reflections on the role of schools in cultivating students’ empathy towards animals.

In this paper, I explain emerging mental content by focusing on the role of inner speech in reading acquisition. I offer a hybrid explanation that relates a Vygotskian conception of inner speech (constructivism) to dual-route psycholinguistic models of reading (cognitivism) and the notion of content-involving mental states based on socio-cultural practices (enactivism). I first clarify some of the presuppositions that allow for my proposed conception of proto-content. Second, I explore the relationship between inner speech and reading acquisition. Lastly, I develop a notion of “proto-content” grounded in the idea of internal aboutness.

This paper analyzes the graphic design of the international art journal "Vešč'-Gegenstand- Objet", published in Berlin in 1922 by the Russian architect, painter, photographer and designer Lazar' Markovič Lisickij (1890-1941), better known as El' Lisickij, together with the Russian writer Il'ja Grigor'evič Èrenburg (1891-1967). Although it lasted only three issues (issues one and two were combined in a single volume which appeared in March/April 1922, while the last number appeared in May 1922), "Vešč" had a strong influence on contemporary art. It was published in German, French and Russian and was meant both as a bridge between Russia and Europe after the years of war and revolution and as a symbol of the beginning of a new creative era. Mainly focusing on new Suprematist and Constructivist works, the journal included essays on several fields of art such as literature, cinema, theatre, painting, sculpture, architecture and music. In this paper I focus on the innovative graphic design of the two volumes of 'Vešč' entirely realized by El' Lisickij. Referring to his own theories about book design, Lisickij created a functional and innovative layout and a striking cover, challenging the traditional graphic design practice by using exclusively standard typographic elements such as punctuation marks, typographic lines, geometric forms and typesetting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a research framework for analyzing the role of ideas and ethical norms in the construction of the spatiality of societies. After recalling the existence of three possible uses of the term ‘geoethics’ within the academic sphere (professional, prescriptive and analytical), the paper presents five possible epistemological approaches of geoethical analysis (the naturalistic, idealistic, rational choice, holistic and constructivist approaches). In doing so, it highlights the heuristic value of a constructivist and multifactorial approach to geoethical norms in the regulation of the spatiality of societies. Consequently, the paper presents the conditions for the conceptual and methodological implementation of a constructivist analysis of geoethical norms, regimes and controversies. It concludes by suggesting a typology aimed at highlighting the role of geoethical norms in the construction of some major currents of thought constitutive of political modernity.

After the First World War and the October Revolution, Europe and Russia experienced an intense, intertwined crisis. This paper aims to reconstruct the international dimension of this situation in Italy before Fascism rose to power between 1919 and 1922. In particular, it concentrates on two "Left-futurists", Vinicio Paladini and Ivo Pannaggi, who were influenced by the Soviet Revolution and the ideas of Alexandr Bogdanov and Anatolij Lunačarskij, the future Soviet People's Commissar. It also focuses on the review "Vešč/Gegenstand/Objet", which El Lissitzky and Ilya Ehrenburg founded in Berlin in 1922, and its entanglements with French Purism and Pannaggi.

The paper presents an evaluation work carried out by Confcooperative Bolzano about the policy for Equal Opportunities implemented until April 2013. The approach used for evaluative research is constructivist and deals with the subject of study through the use of evaluation techniques combined into a theoretical and temporal succession scientifically rigorous and deemed to be consistent with the targets set. The results have led to a clarification of the achieved goals and the implementation of concrete development actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper compares the rational and the constructivist approach to the study of international political economy (Ipe). In doing so, the paper focuses on the ontological and epistemological features that allow distinguishing between the two approaches. This distinction is further itemized in the illustration of the two main, contemporary Ipe schools: the American and the British school. The article concludes by reflecting on the modalities through which recent studies have attempted to reconcile the rational and the constructivist approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a constructivist theory of governance. It begins by challenging rational choice and institutionalist accounts for neglecting meanings. If we are to take meanings seriously, we need to allow for the constructed nature of governance -- governance depends on concepts that are themselves in part products of wider webs of belief. The paper then argues, first, that constructivism is compatible with various forms of realism, and, second, that constructivism is strengthened by recognition of situated agency. Finally, the paper identifies the kind of aggregate concepts associated with this type of constructivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studi e Materiali di Storia delle Religioni is the property of Editrice Morcelliana S.p.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As Zen took root in the West over the past century, there emerged a number of differing interpretations of one of its key facets, namely the question of the relationship between language and enlightenment. The two camps which came to garner the most attention in philosophical circles are eliminativism, which understands enlightenment as the cutting off of linguistic and socio-cultural categories, accomplished by arbitrary means, and constructivism, which identifies satori with the exercise of certain linguistic and cultural conventions. In the present paper, we first lay out some of the most important criticisms of these two positions, arguing that the two accounts fall into the error of either demonizing or fetishizing language, respectively, before outlining a different approach to the relationship between practice and realization, drawing on the largely neglected work of perennialist thinkers and a phenomenologically informed notion of symbolism. By taking the idea of the symbol in its double meaning, namely as that which “casts together” the culturally conditioned particularities of Zen into a unified tradition, and yet points beyond them as a “sign” of something that itself transcends all description, we propose an interpretation that can do justice both to the crucial role played by concrete practices and to the transcendent nature of their soteriological “end”.

Contrary to what Descartes argued many centuries ago, the self seems far from being a simple and indivisible entity, easily accessible to personal scrutiny. In this paper I will endorse an anti-cartesian attitude, starting from two different perspectives. On the one hand, I will consider clinical and developmental studies showing how strongly interpersonal relations modulate the quality of introspective access. In this section, I will take into account Neisser's theory of self knowledge and Gergely and Watson's constructivist approach. On the other hand, I will consider the extended mind paradigm, a recent philosophical model that seems compatible with the idea that some important aspects of the self could also be extended to the physical world. This latter point acquires special importance when considering how much some particular electronic tools such as second generation search engines will be widespread in the future.

With the development of sound production and processing technologies, composers' private rooms stopped delimiting the boundaries of musical creativity, which started inhabiting recording studios instead. Here memory, traditionally entrusted to paper and to the silence of the musical text, met a technology that enabled to record sounds directly, thus achieving the acoustic fulfilment of the composer's thought. The crystalline abstraction of musical notation gave way to a world of sounds submerged in noise as well as in human and technological indeterminacy: it is a world that requires specific control strategies and direct confrontation with performance practices and listening within a complex system. Composers were tossed into this system, becoming performers and active observers of their own work. Thus, the linearity of Shannon’s model of communication was altered. In his works on musical semiology, Jean-Jacques Nattiez had already modified the model from Sender -> Message -> Receiver to Poietic dimension -> Trace . The rise of the composer as an active observer requires a new transformation of the model of communication, creating a continuous feedback between the different elements. This feedback will often involve the listener as well. The electronic music work can therefore be seen as a self-organizing system that includes in itself the electronic devices as well as the human factor that operates them. In this system, compositional models are the invariants that vouch for the identity and recognisability of the work.

The typical Lebanese classroom is teacher centered, whereby the teacher is respected and is considered to be the bearer of all information. Active learning teaching methods are not in the Lebanese teacher’s expectations. The students are not expected to assume responsibility for their educational development and learning process. This paper aims to highlight the issues that prevent teachers from adopting the active learning teaching method. A small scale survey from 100 teachers of 10 different schools selected from various areas in Lebanon was undertaken. The survey results were compared and tested in order to evaluate the reasons for not adopting active learning instruction in the Lebanese schools.

Avant-garde Constructivism in Vittorio Benussi’s Work - During the last century there were various epistemological debates in the scientific community that asserted paradigmatic revolutions, now representative of various schools of thought in contemporary Psychology. This paper aims to underline the importance of a number of issues in Vittorio Benussi’s work concerning epistemological discourse. It also tries to highlight the potential interconnections between some of the results of his research and constructivist thought. The purpose is to show the intellectual completeness of a scholar who combined rigour and creativity, enhancing the possibility for a dialogue between the separate fields of Psychology and Philosophy.

Language, Sign, Symbol. The Anti-ontology of Ernst Cassirer - This paper investigates the role of language and the function of science in Ernst Cassirer’s theory of knowledge. Cassirer’s position is interpreted in a constructivistic way: language is presented as a complex system of signs arbitrarily produced by the human mind to imbue the world with sense and meaning. Indeed, Cassirer’s theory is proposed as an ideal model for that part of the contemporary epistemology which agrees with the general principles of pluralism, but intends at the same time to stay away from sceptical, relativistic and subjectivistic temptations which are very popular in our time.

Copyright of Journal of Constitutional History / Giornale di Storia Costituzionale is the property of Giornale di Storia Costituzionale (Journal of Constitutional History) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper takes a constitutivist approach to self-deception, and argues that this phenomenon should be evaluated under several dimensions of rationality. The constitutivist approach has the merit of explaining the selective nature of self-deception as well as its being subject to moral sanction. Self-deception is a pragmatic strategy for maintaining the stability of the self, hence continuous with other rational activities of self-constitution. However, its success is limited, and it costs are high: it protects the agent’s self by undermining the authority she has on her mental life. To this extent, self-deception is akin to alienation and estrangement. Its morally disturbing feature is its self-serving partiality. The self-deceptive agent settles on standards of justification that are lower than any rational agent would adopt, and thus loses grip on her agency. To capture the moral dimension of self-deception, I defend a Kantian account of the constraints that bear on self-constitution, and argue that it warrants more discriminating standards of agential autonomy than other contemporary minimalist views of self-government.

Since the beginning of the 2000’s, a new school in German-speaking geography arose which is named “Neue Kulturgeographie” (new cultural geography). It is mainly inspired by the poststructuralism and by the English-speaking new cultural geography. On the basis of a constructivist approach, the signification of space and spatial forms is the main focus of the Neue Kulturgeographie’s researches. An important difference between these researches, however, lies on the very different social theories they are based on: action theory, system theory, discourse theory and critical approaches are the four main theories being used in the Neue Kulturgeographie. The aim of this paper is to introduce the French-speaking geographer to the Neue Kulturgeography and its debate. The reader will surely recognize the questions and problems shared by the social and cultural French- (and also English-) speaking geographies.