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The possible effects of climate change in urbanized areas - evidenced by several studies - led the City of Bologna to adopt a Climate Change Adaptation Plan to assess potential risks and vulnerabilities as a basis for adaptation actions prioritizing interventions through a coordinated local strategy. This paper summarizes some measures implemented at local level in collaboration with the Department of Architecture of the University of Bologna and, in particular, the pilot actions for urban greening developed within the European project H2020 - ROCK and the proposals for intervention included made during the "Design for Adaptation" project. Resilient Urban Communities" PhD Climate KIC summer school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, green design considers climate as a fixed property of a specific place. Nevertheless, recent changes demonstrate that this vision has to be reversed, considering climate a time-dependent parameter. This paper hybridises climatology and bioclimatic design underlining, thanks to the usage of a very recent high resolution climate reanalysis database (ERA5-Land), the impact that climate changes have on short-term periods, adopting well known building climate-related indicators. European maps are drawn considering degree-days variations (from 1981-95 to 2004-18), while typical mean 24-hour monthly days and bioclimatic charts are adopted for a limited number of locations. Results support the need to adopt climate data time variations during design phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the potential impacts of the fireworm Hermodice carunculata (Annelida: Amphinomidae) on rocky Mediterranean benthic ecosystems, its geographical occurrence is poorly understood. In this paper, data on historical fireworm distribution along the Mediterranean Sea coasts were gathered from collections, registers and databases of the main Italian and European museums of natural history. The oldest fireworm specimens were collected in the 19th century and are preserved in the museums of Berlin, Paris and Vienna. These samples come from Sicily, Greece and the Near East, all areas where fireworm populations are still abundant and widespread. The specimens stored in the Museo della Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn" (Naples) were collected at the turn of the 20th century in the Gulf of Naples and provide fundamental clues for assessing the northern limit of the species range in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Museum records together with bibliographic searches, questionnaires, monitoring and molecular analysis could allow the biogeography of H. carunculata in the Mediterranean Sea to be investigated and potential range shifts predicted in response to ongoing seawater warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of a research conducted on codes and standards adopted internationally for the design, construction and testing of hurricane- and tornado-resistant façades. These façades are built using technologies that pass tests in order to verify the resistance of both the frame and the glazed surface to the impacts caused by wind-borne debris during these extreme meteorological events. The aim of the research is the identification of the best practices that have been adopted, in order to increase the resilience of building envelopes to this weather phenomenon, evaluating the possible applicability of adopting the principles to the specific needs of the European and Italian market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effectively addressing the issue of climate resilience in urban areas requires the development of innovative design methods that can handle the complexity of the information needed to guide sustainable urban regeneration and retrofitting strategies, as well as to manage the technological and environmental solutions in a multi-scale perspective. The paper presents the methodology developed by the ARC3-2 Urban Planning and Design working group of the Urban Climate Change Research Network (UCCRN) and the results of the experimental activities conducted within Studios and Workshops promoted in New York, Paris and Naples by the New York Institute of Technology, the Polytechnic of Milan and the University of Naples Federico II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A methodology is presented to assess local criticalities and resilience to climate changes (CC) and UHI (Urban Heat Island). This analysis will consider the expected impacts on the local energy demand of the built environment due to climate-related variations. Climate-related indicators are proposed to assess a vulnerability index to CC and UHI in specific building-design contexts. Furthermore, these indicators will be applied to a set of locations in the Mediterranean climate while taking into consideration different local contexts to evaluate the resilience of a sample residential building by using, among other strategies, dynamic energy simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]