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Issues of animal treatment have emerged in the past 30 years as major social concerns and many Countries have decided to adopt a Veterinarian 's Oath: the earliest version of the Veterinarian 's Oath was adopted by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) House of Delegates in 1954 and revised in 1969 and again in 1999. In 2010, it was updated again, to clearly identify animal welfare as a priority of the veterinary profession. Many different Countries followed this example, stressing particular features of the promise the veterinarians have to do. In Italy, this decision was taken in 2008, and the oath was updated in 2012, adding a key-point mentioning the attention to environement and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]