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This article aims to present some aspects regarding the critical reception of the novel Bietul Ioanide, whose subject is set in the post-war period. After circulating in typescript for a while, the publication of the novel (Editura de Stat pentru Literatură și Artă, 674 pages, 1953) sparked a wave of critical reactions among the adherents of socialist realism, followed by a veritable campaign of denigration. After the appearance of the second edition of the novel in 1965, a necessary revision of the reception of Bietul Ioanide took place, with various interpretative keys of a literary and ideological nature contributing decisively to illustrating the subtle game instituted by the novelist in a letter addressed in 1950 to Al. Piru, in which the writer asserts that in the mentioned novel, eros, not politics, is dominant. Bietul Ioanide is a problematising novel, in which G. Călinescu – starting from a historical event, namely the evolution of the Legionary Movement in Romania, in the years 1938-1941 – questions the credibility of official ideologies. Their representatives gain unlimited power by resorting to crimes and atrocities committed against humanity. At the same time, G. Călinescu abandons the prejudice regarding the intimate journal, considered by the writer to be an effeminate and egocentric creation.

The article focuses on the history of the Faculty of Law at the University of Palermo, highlighting its significance within the broader context of Sicilian higher education. Topics include the lack of historical studies on other faculties in Palermo, the importance of archival sources for future research, and the faculty's pivotal role in shaping local and national political leadership.

El país de las calles sin nombre recounts the physical and memorial journey of young Alice Miller, back in a never named but clearly identifiable Nicaragua, reminiscent of the convulsive and bloody spring of 2018. A novel of memory, and in several ways, since individual and collective history are intertwined. Between memories of the civil war at the time of the revolution, and memory gaps due to exile, this story also acts as a rediscovery of identity. We’ll be looking at the close links between memory and identity in this fiction, as they are known to be correlative, if not consubstantial: how do individual and collective memories affect the protagonist’s identity? How do they come into tension in a turbulent context that stirs up a no less troubled past? We’ll look first at the memorial implications of the protagonist’s return to her homeland, then at the repercussions on her identity of memories of collective history; finally, we’ll examine the treatment of space, since memory also has a spatial framework

The short story scripted and drawn by Matías Trillo is a perfect example of the power of graphic literature. The artist tells the story of the Menna Lanzillotto families in order to accompany and help them in their quest for truth and justice, but also, and above all, for identity, since this short story has a dual purpose: to tell and make visible the horror of the Argentinian dictatorship and, at the same time, to help in the search for a child stolen by the dictatorship. The comic strip becomes a work of remembrance by telling the terrible true story of two families who were victims of the dictatorial regime. It helps to make the highest degree of horror observable and comprehensible, thereby helping to write history, to recover a traumatic collective memory from a clearly ethical and humanist perspective, and to construct an identity that is in a sense full and real.

In mid-eighteenth-century France, a series of debates revolved around reflections on origins and their epistemological status, elaborating models of historical temporality to frame the present. The origins of the arts, sciences, human inequality, human knowledge, fables or religions reveal a certain relationship between man (individuals and civilisations) and time, articulating forms of past permanence and future anticipation in the present. Within this framework, this article seeks to shed light on the peculiar temporal status of Nicolas-Antoine Boulanger’s reflection on origins. In a close comparison with Rousseau’s ‘atrabilious philosophy’ (philosophie atrabilaire), Boulanger identifies catastrophe as a temporal model for conceptualising the origin of a human history that has always already begun: origin appears not as that which stands at the beginning of time, but rather as a historical form of the relationship between humanity and time – an emotional and cognitive tone – that constitutes the background and precondition of human action.

After introducing general problems that a theory of subjectivity must address, the meaning of subjectivity is discussed and defined as the wholeness of first-person somato-psychological life. The most important principle in a theory of subjectivity is the entanglement of socio-subjectivity, inter-subjectivity, and intra-subjectivity. This entanglement entails that subjectivity is unique and irreplaceable, which are philosophical elements in a psychological theory. Subjectivity takes place in work, relations, and the self, and in the way that persons conduct their everyday lives in particular contexts and times. Subjectivity is constituted and/or mediated through materialities, discourses, and actions, including technologies. A theory of subjectivity must include reflections on “what is” but also about “what is possible” in human somato-psychological life. Because traditional theories of subjectivity have no conceptual space for socio-subjectivity, forms of subjectivity into which subjects suture themselves are discussed. Consequences for the discipline of psychology are laid out.

The study analyses the phenomenon of contemporary historical education of children and youth. This education takes place in a changing technological environment, utilizing teleinformatics tools, as well as in a changing worldview, political, and economic environment. Consequently, new opportunities for historical education arise. The aim of the study is to seek answers to a series of questions that arise in the context of upcoming changes in human education. It is impossible to answer all of these questions. Nevertheless, the most important of these questions include: how to teach history? What place does the teaching of history occupy in the education process of young people? Is it possible to objectively understand history? The study used the method of analysing events caused by new technical possibilities. These events include the introduction of political correctness in the media narrative, limiting the teaching of history to the awareness derived from posts. The result of the conducted research is the expression of concern about the fate of history teaching. This is often popularized by unprepared individuals, and the selection of facts for historical analysis is carried out in terms of political or ideological demand.

The essay addresses the issue of accessibility to heritage, starting from the analysis of educational practices proposed by museums and associations in the Bologna area and aimed at schools of all levels. In fact, from the study of the didactic and laboratory activities presented on the occasion of the Cosa abbiamo in Comune initiative (What we have in the Municipality) promoted, for several years, by the Municipality of Bologna, the article investigates the educational and training offers for an inclusive heritage education that foresee real and concrete connection between the diversity of heritages and people and in which the therapeutic value of cultural heritage is effectively made understandable. The survey results show that heritage education in schools and museums proves to be an important aspect of identity cohesion, also attested by international initiatives that involve the entire community and which have taken place in the area for over seventeen years, including events such as the "International Festival of History".

The paper aims at discussing how historical knowledge is transmitted in the videogame series “Age of Empires”. Charsky&Mims (2008) suggested that students, at the end of the videogame activity, compare the information gathered with that provided by historical accounts to discover hidden game mechanics. The author argues that, in a perspective of history education through game-based learning (Delgado-Algarra 2020) “Age of Empires” enables the gamer to discover the past in a relatively short time, moving around easily (Brusa, 2022, 75). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading essays, articles, interviews and occasional writings, written between the 60s and the 80s, a substantially constant picture is drawn of what Sciascia says about his region, its identity, the history that made it as it is. At the beginning of the period under review, at least in part, there seems to be some optimism about the possibility of achieving positive change. In any case, the writer only made minor changes to the image of a negative condition unaltered through the centuries, which in the face of the disappointments for the present, in turn extends the shadows of him even at the moment lived, already in the mid-60s. Despite the perplexities sometimes declared as to the fact that the Sicilian identity has been able to remain unchanged for centuries, the writer accepts it and sometimes gives in to some clichés.

Law 8 October 2010 n. 170, containing “New legal norms about Specific Learning Disabilities at school”, introduced obligation of a specific didactic for students with Specific Learning Disabilities (DSA). School teaching of History had to adapt to new legislation, for an increasingly inclusive teaching.

The contribution moves from the temporal perspective of the Anthropocene, in which the human being is seen as creator and manipulator of what surrounds it, to ask what shape time has in the perspective of fashion and how it is being rewritten in a post-anthropocentric direction. For this purpose, we intend to shed light on the complex relationship of fashion with its historical dimension by analyzing the complexity that the term sustainability evokes. The contribution proposes a conceptual and methodological framework based on three key aspects of sustainability explained by the so-called three “p”s strategy: people, planet and profit. Through this framework, the contribution offers the possibility of addressing the dense series of temporal references necessary to re-read the connections between fashion and sustainability, incorporating into the investigation both the development of a theory of sustainability related to fashion and the analysis of specific cases of study. The perspective highlighted by this contribution allows us to frame fashion as a destructive force, but also as a possible transformative, hybridizing and healing agent, as a conscious form of conservation of the physical, social and cultural environment in which we live.

For the first time in human history, more people are living in urban areas than in rural areas. Every year, millions of people decide to leave their rural homes and migrate to cities across the country or even across the border. Most of these people want to move to seek new job opportunities and, of course, to improve their lives, while others are forced to migrate because of sudden or slow-onset conflicts or natural disasters, such as rising sea levels, droughts and floods, which are often exacerbated by climate change and environmental stress. In addition, rural populations, whose livelihoods depend to a large extent on agriculture, are particularly vulnerable to pressures from migration. This article aims to provide an overview of rural-urban migration in Romania, detailing the causes and effects of this process. Romanian citizens from rural areas move to the country’s big cities to enjoy the facilities offered by urban areas. In the current context, migration is the population’s impulse from one topographical location to another, thus connecting temporary or permanent settlements. However, this process, like any other, brings with it both positive and negative economic, social and demographic consequences, which will be discussed in detail in this article.

The following pages aim to be an account and a proposal for reflecting on how educating teenagers to observe our heritage more carefully, even its smallest, daily examples, can stimulate them to know and take care of what belongs to all of us, and is an essential quality for really aware, active citizens. The concepts of “beautiful” and “ugly” that are linked to the account of two field experiences, leave the level of abstraction and, for the reasons that I will try to explain in this short text, suggest proposals for a kind of education to heritage and to active citizenship based on both historical and laboratory methods. In teaching, we should bear in mind that our students need to grow up as aware citizens and, therefore, need experiences that give them the necessary tools. In my view, this is the aim of teaching citizenship education, which, being an interdisciplinary subject, can and must be thought and planned for this high and very challenging purpose.

Which is the relationship between history and memory today and how do they act in public discourse? To understand this, we need to analyse the great space that memory has gained in recent years, placing the 20th century, as a tragic century, and the Shoah at the centre of public attention; and to question the need to open a broader phase of reflection on the policies of violence acted between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries by states all over the world, primarily colonialism. This is the only path that can enable us to rediscover a proper relationship with history.

The present study analyses infant death, infanticide, and child abandonment in pre-transitional societies assuming that, even in various times, cultures, and geographical places, some elements are shared and commonly present on the way to decide on newborns’ right to life or death in a demographic system typified by high infant mortality rates. The attention focuses on this subject with multidisciplinary sources linking newborns’ mortality with population control behaviour, investigating, and clustering common elements. The aim is to revisit these topics considering them as archetypal dimensions that possess elements deeply rooted and emotionally linked in human nature to make them universally shared in time and space. This creates a network of semantic and iconic connections so strong as to persist over the centuries.

Founded in 1896, L’ERMA di Bretschneider is a historic publishing house, whose mission is to publish works of excellent academic reputation. The topics covered by the publications include archaeology, history, heritage conservation and management, Roman law, history of art and architecture, and literary criticism. L’ERMA di Bretschneider is unanimously recognized as the Italian publishing house par excellence for its scientific publications in the field of humanities, in particular archaeology, ancient history and art history. The intense research activity in historical, archaeological and artistic disciplines carried out by L’ERMA in collaboration with leading experts in the field and the most prestigious universities in the world, and the vast editorial catalogue which boasts over a century of collaboration with the Ministry of Culture and its constituent bodies and includes prestigious series and magazines, constitute today an invaluable wealth of cultural heritage, available not only to scholars and enthusiasts, but to the entire community.

The choice of the authors, among the most exemplary, constitutes only an initial part of a broader and more in-depth research work, as a proactive stimulus for a literary hypertext centered on the role of women in the literary world and, consequently, in the historical-social context Evolving. Generally speaking, it can be stated that the presence of women in literature, as an inspiring figure and author, is as old as literature itself. She is the protagonist of writing in verse and prose. Therefore, she presents herself - both in biblical and literary culture - in her role as handmaid, inspiring muse and coauthor, from the origins of the myth to the Middle Ages. From here, then, we moved on to examine the poetic and religious experience of "praise", which has become one of the most significant topoi and tropes of rhetorical-stylistic and artistic interpretation, from the Renaissance to the modern and contemporary age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A memorial stone, unveiled on 28 August 2023 in the municipality of Latronico (PZ), recalls the Lucanian origins of Walter Maturi (1902-1961), professor of history of the Risorgimento at the University of Turin from 1948 to 1961. Starting from the accounts of his tragic and sudden death, the essay traces the intellectual history of one of the greatest Italian scholars of the 20th century: from his training in Naples, to the difficult years of Fascism; from his scientific and didactic commitment at the University, to the great influence he exercised in the field of historical studies through his last work published posthumously, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The film Midnight in Paris (2011), directed by Woody Allen, offers a singular opportunity for History teachers and researchers to reflect on their labor. There are many references, from the idea of a city as a “place of memories”, to some of the various conventions that often get confused in traditional representation of the past. The article analyzes the film under the tools of ‘Didactics of History’, adding to the debate about the diversity of forms to represent the past, but also, dilemmas and opportunities in doing so.

This paper intends to delve into Roscoe Pound’s thought, enhancing his teleological conception of law as a key to understanding Pound’s historicism, pragmatism and functionalism. The Author will also deal with the Poundian contribution within a ‘situated’ perspective aimed at stressing some ‘genetic’ traits of American legal realism in relation to the specific history of the evolution of the common law in the US context. The text has the objective to discuss the theoretical-legal matrix of Pound’s theoretical reflection and its afference to legal science, highlighting his attitude to address the macro-theme of the constitutive principles of the law itself.

In Richard III, Act 3, young Prince Edward’s insistent questions about the origins of the Tower of London bring the issue of historical transmission to the foreground. Furthermore, the survival of truth across time is thematised throughout the first tetralogy. References to fame recur obsessively in the three parts of Henry VI, while in Richard III, Shakespeare subtly plays with a historical and historiographical tradition that is much indebted to memorial transmission. In this play, historical distortion is materialised in the deformed body of its protagonist, who becomes the emblem of a past reinterpreted and rewritten in the light of present interests. The article will show how, on the one hand, the dramatist goes beyond what already was a “vituperative history” and brings the so-called Tudor myth to its apex while, on the other hand, undermining this same myth.

The articulation of time-space dimensions is a theme both for theorists of various disciplines and for those who deal with the problems of the exegesis of texts. The globalization process makes us perceive a hybrid present and permeable spaces, both with cultural consequences in relation to the process of attribution of meaning. This is the very broad outline in which I read the texts of D. Greig presented here, texts that, in the crisis of traditional historicism, address the theme in an unusual way: the relationship between history and memory has changed the nature of historical writing, accentuating the function of cultural memory (mnemo-history), with individual and collective past inevitably as its objects.

In his novel, Machines Like Me (2019), Ian McEwan offers an interesting example of “alternate history” while dealing with crucial ethical issues connected with the development of Artificial Intelligence. Instead of setting his story in the future, the author chooses to set it in the past, but he radically changes the contours of the latter. Hence, the England of the early 1980s is turned into a technologically advanced society, well ahead of the scientific progress of the early 21st century. Thus, the future casts its light on the past in what appears as a typically postmodernist mélange: besides mingling genres (from speculative fiction to uchronia), McEwan also performs an intriguing hybridization of fact and fiction. The paper intends to explore the rich historical dimension of the novel, which betrays the author’s interest in the reflection on history and on its narrativization – as well as its manipulation and/or contamination – within the literary text.

The parallel reflection on the relationship between truth and writing in the fields of philosophy and literature has contributed to the development of discursive practices aimed at anchoring reconstructed events in reality. Through an example of testimonial writing and two examples of family memoirs, we show the importance of the name in reducing the degree of fiction and saving chapters of individual, family and collective history from oblivion.

The present article analyzes the spring, development and consecration as an autonomous painting genre of natural landscape in European painting, bringing examples from the works of the most representative masters of landscape. The seeds of the appearance of natural landscape are identified in the religious, philosophical and aesthetic thinking of the Early Middle Ages. Up to the moment of amalgamation with the humanist current, Christian symbolism included various directions of capitalization of the natural world through artistic language, thus generating conceptual and representational models in the field of visual arts. Starting with the Renaissance period, once painting techniques and representation methods started to develop, being oriented towards naturalism, the philosophy of nature generated in the European space pays its tribute to the general orientation - towards the knowledge and mastering of nature having as immediate usage the realization of progress. In this respect, nature has started to be regarded, in time, as a distinct reality, distant from the civilized world, thus the acute feelings of alienation and nostalgia towards the world of nature appear. The aim of this article is to underline these trends and the way they are reflected in the natural landscape up to the appearance of Impressionism.

Church life is part of the life of our people, who were born Christian; therefore, we cannot consider that what has been said about the Christianity of our great poet Mihai Eminescu, about his views of the ancestral Church, the oldest institution of this nation, is an exaggeration. But this institution that educated and cultivated the first generations of scholars could not but reflect in the entire Romanian literature. And that happened because literature, just like education, flourished within the Church as well, being supported, in the early days, by monastery deacons, by the servants of parishes, that is, by churches in the villages

This paper reviews the digital edition Der Sturm – Digitale Quellenedition zur Geschichte der internationalen Avantgarde, which aims to bring together all existing digital sources on the STURM company, to make them accessible and to link them with each other. Initiated by Herwarth Walden by founding the STURM magazine for contemporary art, the STURM company provided many different platforms (e.g., gallery, publishing, theatre) for the art scene in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century and had also a big impact on the international avant-garde. The digital edition currently offers facsimiles, transcriptions, and commentaries on a part of the letters, the encoding of the sources and texts is done in TEI-XML and can be downloaded or accessed via an API. Inventory lists exist for the other documents which link to the source of the digital image. All semantic and structural entities of STURM sources are permanently referenced using persistent identifiers.

The paper follows the development of the notary profession in Venice in the production of private deeds (instrumenta) and public acts (acta). In the Middle Ages, both activities were performed by the clergy. With the advent of the Commune, a Chancery was instituted to archive separately the acta, as well as the instrumenta. A lay Great Chancellor organised clerks who were members of the clergy, and they also wrote private deeds. As the requirements of the notarial activity became stricter, a policy of careful selection was implemented. The two fields of the notarial activity began to differentiate. In 1433, a papal bull forbade priests to work as clerks in secular institutions. It marked the beginning of a turnover in the Chancery staff, the new clerks being chosen among laymen. Close control was kept on Venetian citizenship as the main requisite to access Chancery posts. Similar criteria were applied to private notaries: after some successful tests, in 1514 a procedure for admission to the profession, and a College of Notaries, were finally instituted.

Cau focuses on a monograph that has offered a unique approach to the intersections between literature, history, and law. More than a «law and literature» manual, the book offers a reasoned anthology of literary writings that intersect with the legal sphere. The literary tradition is used to promote a better understanding of the legal features, as well as to investigate the turning points that have marked the course of history, seeing them reflected in the narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay aims to analyze some difficulties in thinking ethics and politics for the future starting from the characteristics of the temporal and historical discourse order of Modernity. The starting point is the analysis of the name/concept of Anthropocene, a new geological era in which the human becomes a geological force, and the specific temporality that it shows: the need to think beyond the division between "human history" and "natural history". In order to define the limits of the order of temporal and historical discourse in Modernity, I questioned Reinhart Koselleck's reflection and Michel Foucault. If it is true that, reasoning with and beyond Koselleck, Modernity seems structurally incapable of thinking the future as radically different from an extension of the present; it is equally true that Modernity itself, thought of as ethos and not as epoch, can point the way to a form of critique of all existent reality as an ontology of actuality and a dimension of care towards exploited human living, non-human living, and Earth system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines some of the central philosophical positions concerning temporality to find trends in philosophical approaches to this issue. The theories of François Hartog and Thomas Macho on time will then be presented, highlighting their strengths and critical points and comparing them. The comparison aims to show how the two authors' approach to the problem of temporality makes it possible to find conceptual cores starting from the analysis of concrete forms of time measurement, rituals that have to do with time, and philosophical debates that have developed on this concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of a research aimed at finding out how Italian (Sicily) teachers perceive the teaching of history at the upper secondary level. The study was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire that was completed by 96 practising teachers. The research has an educational diagnostic purpose and is based on a quantitative approach. Descriptive (frequencies) and inferential (non-parametric tests) analyses were carried out to determine whether there are differences between the sexes. The results indicate there are significant differences in the teaching staff according to gender, with men generally showing a perception of history teaching that is close to traditional models (master class and textbook). The main difficulties reported by teachers are methodological in nature, as well as excessive content syllabi and high student/class ratios. The study concludes that there is a need to promote teacher training in active methods and strategies for teaching history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calabria is an almost unknown land to Polish people, even though many of them visited Sicily (particularly in the eighteenth century) without showing however great interest in this region. Zofia Sokołowska, writer, a friend of Maria Konopnicka is the first Polish tourist who looks at this region with curiosity and describes in detail the train journey from Reggio to Salerno. Kazimiera Alberti, half a century later, remained there for a couple of weeks and discovered another Calabria, its natural beauties as well as historical and cultural aspects. Both descriptions of the journey to Calabria deserve attention and reflection given the commitment of the two authors to present its over-temporal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article focuses on Piero Craveri's significant contributions to the magazine Ventunesimo Secolo, where he played a key role in expanding historical and interdisciplinary discourse. Topics include his influential writings on Italian politics and history, his approach to integrating political and economic dimensions in historical analysis, and his legacy in the magazine's continued evolution after his death.

The Book of Isaiah has been truly complex for bible researchers for years. The primary difficulty arises from the poetic way of expressing the author, and this is of course associated with the difficulty of connecting different historical epochs described by the Book of Isaiah in its completeness. Lately, this book has been approached in a unitary way. This will say that it is sought to be read in its wholeness of parts, rather than dividing it as it has long been a trend, into three parts: Is 1-39; 40-55; 56-66. This so-called “unity movement” in research on the Book of Isaiah shows us how the Book can nevertheless be approached whole. Therefore, in this paper, we will seek to analyze the text of Is 30:1-17 (TM) in light of the so-called “unity movement” approach to the Book of Isaiah. It should be said however that the methodological path of this work will be primarily the so-called “close reading” of the text and then also will be given some possible intertextual echoes which link Is 30, 1-17 with other parts of the Book of Isaiah. At the end author will also try to depict a possible historical and theological message of the same biblical text.

This paper aims at highlighting how interest in the issues of web and social media archiving and preservation has grown enormously, in parallel with the awareness of the importance of these ‘resources’ as privileged sources for reconstructing the history of our era. How will the historians of the future be able to reconstruct the historical period we are living through if memory institutions are not able to archive and preserve the websites and social media of institutions, public bodies, parties, associations, government bodies, political figures, and famous people in general, given that everything is now conveyed through these channels? The fragility of the web, then, would require immediate action and the launch of ‘web and social media archiving’ initiatives without delay, on pain of the disappearance of all that has been made available online in recent years, but on this point the situation in Italy - with a few exceptions - appears to lag far behind other European countries and enormously behind the Anglo-Saxon countries. There is therefore an urgent need to launch initiatives to raise awareness on these issues and to train the skills and professionalism required to conduct web and social media archiving and preservation projects.