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The present article has for objective to analyze, through the criminal processes of slander and offense, some elements of the daily experience of some groups that inhabited in Juiz de Fora among the years of 1854 and 1941. Firstly, I tried to establish the social context in which the verbal conflicts happens and after, I analyzed the main themes of the verbal insults and the social uses of the offensive language. Secondly, I tried to rebuild some elements of the daily experience of the subordinate population, mainly some aspects related to the coexistence between landlord and tenant. Finally, I observed also some aspects of the operation of the local juridical apparel, analyzing mainly the relationship maintained between the local subordinate population and the justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two different historical approaches applied in the characterization of the environmental heritage, rural landscapes and local foodways will be compared. Historical geography has been, and still is, often inspired by cultural history, of which main risks are the «dematerialization» of the heritage - through its reduction to a mere discourse/narrative - and the use of broad and uncontrolled generalizations. On the contrary, the applications of the British historical ecology highlight the need for analytical historiography in the identification of social and environmental material processes and objects, including the living component of landscapes and ecosystems. This paper stresses the importance of a geographical-historical microanalysis as applied in some multidisciplinary works at the site level by environmental and rural archaeologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study considers the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS microanalysis applied to the study of numerous mineral-based biomaterials of common use in odontostomatology. The products studied are the following: reabsorbable Dac Blu, non reabsorbable Dac Blu, non reabsorbable atomized Dac Blu, non rabsorbable fine Dac Blu, reabsorbable Biocoral 450, Calcitite 2040-12, Orthogel, Apagen, BTF 65, Calcitite 4060-2, Osprogel, Bio-Oss, Biostite, Ospro-vit, Merck Hydroxyapatite. By means of SEM it was possible to study the morphology and the microchemistry of the various biomaterials so as to have information about their physical and chemical characteristics, such as the crystalline form, the crystalline aggregations, the space dimensional distribution of the pores and check the possibilities of composition variability. All of these factors are fundamental to evaluate the functional biocompatibility of a biomaterial, once that its performance in a biological environment is known.

An account is given of methods used in the detection of HBs antigen in the serum of blood donors. It is felt that the microelisa (microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method is the most sensitive, leaving aside the RIA. Its easy execution and low cost make it a sound alternative to the more sensitive, yet more complex RIA.

A single, rapid, precise and automatizzable micro-method for determining serum bilirubin has been described. The method requires a little while of serum. It is possible reader the bilirubin concentration at last of 30 mg/100 ml without of serum dilution. The determination of "direct bilirubin" has been examined in connection with the reaction time. The reliability of the our diazo-method has been established by comparison with well-known diazo-methods and by demonstrating the effect of hemolysis.

A limiting factor for the use of some in vitro techniques in the allergological diagnostic (RAST, PRIST, Precipitins) in the pediatric field, was the amount of serum needed for their carrying out, very difficult to obtain, especially in neonatology. In the present report the Authors record the results obtained by using a micromethod on the whole blood, called "Spot Test", which consists in the use of a particular base on which the blood drops are directly absorbed. The "Spot Test" showed the same sensitivity and reproducibility of the allergometric tests performed on the serum, therefore the correlation coefficients "r" for the RAST (r = 0.96), PRIST (r = 0.92) Precipitins (r = 0.89) showed to be highly significant for a close correlation between the two tests. Besides the "Spot test" turned out to be endowed, once the bases disc-blood dried with a stability at room temperature for several months (four months) without losing its sensitivity or specificity. This allows the possible sending of these bases to Specialized Centers without any particular problems of storage.

Protein metabolism may be upset dramatically by several pathological condition such as starvation, malnutrition, surgical stress. Serum proteins have been investigated in many works but very few studies exist about muscle and organ proteins. This article describes two methods for extraction of muscle water soluble proteins: a macromethod that uses some hundred grams of tissue, and a micromethod that starts from a little muscle biopsia. Extracts have been tested for protein content by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and isoelectrofocusing on polyacrylamide gel and have shown a rich variety of protein fractions.

A high degree of reproducibility was obtained using a simple and rapid microfluorimetric method of DNA determination. The described method evaluates the increased fluorescence after reaction of 33258 Hoechst fluorochrome with calf thymus DNA and mouse liver chromatin preparations. The routinely used preparation reagents and the subcellular components do not interfere with the reaction.

The clinical applicability of an enzymatic micromethod for the fast determination of glycaemia is discussed. The method is based on the use of an optical reflectometer for the quantitative reading of the variation in colour intensity of specific reactive strips for the semi-quantitative evaluation of blood glucose. Thanks to the method's rapidity and simplicity, it can be used for mass screening and is also very useful for the routine investigations of Diabetologic Centres. It is also invaluable for the identification of emergency clinical situations.