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Your search keyword '"Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B"' showing total 4 results
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4 results on '"Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B"'

1. The role of rank-ligand inhibition in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Author

Gatti D and Varenna M

Subjects
Oncology, Osteoporosis, Osteoclasts, lcsh:Medicine, Bone remodeling, Drug Delivery Systems, Multicenter Studies as Topic, "postmenopausal osteoporosis", "denosumab", "rank ligand", Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Bone mineral, Fracture Healing, Clinical Trials as Topic, biology, Alendronate, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Osteonecrosis, Antibodies, Monoclonal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Denosumab, RANKL, Female, Bone Remodeling, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Internal medicine, Injections, Subcutaneous, Bone healing, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Models, Biological, Bone resorption, Rheumatology, Osteoclast, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC31-1245, business.industry, RANK Ligand, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Fractures, Spontaneous, biology.protein, Patient Compliance, business
Abstract

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease affecting millions of people worldwide in which a decreased bone mass and a microarchitectural deterioration compromise bone strength leading to bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fracture. Bone turnover increases at menopause, with osteoclast-mediated bone resorption exceeding bone formation. Recent discoveries in bone biology have demonstrated that RANKL, a cytokine member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, is an essential mediator of osteoclast formation, function and survival. Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody with a high affinity and specificity for human RANKL. By binding to its target, denosumab prevents the interaction of RANKL with its receptor RANK on osteoclasts and their precursors and inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Administered as a subcutaneous injection every six months, denosumab has been shown to decrease bone turnover and to increase bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass and osteoporosis. In these patients denosumab significantly reduced the risk of vertebral fractures, hip fractures and nonvertebral fractures. In all clinical trials published to date, denosumab was well tolerated with an incidence of adverse events, including infections and malignancy, generally similar to subjects receiving placebo or alendronate. The denosumab therapeutic regimen consisting in a subcutaneous injection every 6 months may increase patient compliance and persistence with a further benefit from treatment. By providing a new molecular target for osteoporosis treatment, denosumab is a promising drug for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the prevention of fragility fractures.

Published
2010

2. [RANKL/RANK, OPG and OPT in a group of patients affected by chronic arthritis. Preliminary report].

Author

Minenna G, D'Amore S, Maggiolini P, Scagliusi P, and D'Amore M

Subjects
Adult, Case-Control Studies, Chronic Disease, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Osteopontin, Osteoprotegerin, RANK Ligand, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Arthritis blood, Carrier Proteins blood, Glycoproteins blood, Membrane Glycoproteins blood, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear blood, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor blood, Sialoglycoproteins blood
Abstract

Recently, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), its receptor RANK, and the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), have been identified as paracrine mediator of bone functions. The balance of RANKL/RANK and OPG is critical for osteoclastogenesis modulation and physiological bone remodeling. Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular glycosylate bone phosphoprotein and acts both as chemokine and cytokine. It is produced by osteoclast, macrophages, T cells, hematopoietic cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. It is present particularly at high concentration in the lamina limitans and cement line, suggesting its role in the initiation and termination of the bone turnover. Chronic arthritis are a group of rheumatic pathologies characterized by periodical continuous or desultory use of corticosteroids. The main aims of this study are to evaluate OPG, RANKL and OPN serum concentrations in patients affected by chronic arthritis and to compare the above results with those ones obtained by young healthy population. OPG, RANKL and OPN serum concentration has been measured by ELISA method both in 40 patients affected by chronic arthritis then in young healthy population of 81 subjects. The differences between the two considered groups have been analyzed using unpaired T-Student. The difference between the two groups is significant for considered variables: OPG: t = -6.54, p < 0.001; RANKL: t = -2.71, p = 0.008; OPN: t = 2.55, p = 0.01. These results suggest that RANKL/RANK system,OPG and OPN have important role in patients with chronic arthritis.

Published
2005

3. Transcription Factor Decoy (TFD) as a novel approach for the control of osteoclastic resorption.

Author

Cozzani M, Giovannini I, Naccari R, Penolazzi L, Lambertini E, Borgatti M, Piva R, Gambari R, and Siciliani G

Subjects
Animals, Apoptosis physiology, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins therapeutic use, Carrier Proteins physiology, Carrier Proteins therapeutic use, Glycoproteins physiology, Glycoproteins therapeutic use, Humans, Membrane Glycoproteins physiology, Membrane Glycoproteins therapeutic use, Mice, NF-kappa B physiology, Osteoprotegerin, RANK Ligand, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear physiology, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear therapeutic use, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor physiology, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor therapeutic use, Repressor Proteins therapeutic use, Transcription Factors physiology, Transcription Factors therapeutic use, Alveolar Bone Loss prevention & control, Mandibular Diseases prevention & control, Maxillary Diseases prevention & control, NF-kappa B therapeutic use, Osteoclasts physiology
Published
2005

4. [Pathophysiological significance and clinical utility of circulating osteoprotegerin].

Author

Dovio A, Data V, and Angeli A

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Arthritis, Rheumatoid blood, Biomarkers, Bone Diseases, Metabolic blood, Bone Neoplasms blood, Bone Neoplasms secondary, Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Carrier Proteins blood, Carrier Proteins physiology, Female, Glycoproteins physiology, Humans, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins blood, Membrane Glycoproteins physiology, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, NF-kappa B physiology, Osteoprotegerin, RANK Ligand, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear physiology, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Bone and Bones metabolism, Glycoproteins blood, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear blood
Abstract

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and acts as a decoy receptor for the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL), preventing its binding to RANK. Since 1997, the RANKL/RANK/OPG system has been intensively investigated in the fields of bone, immune and cardiovascular system pathophysiology. Specific anti-OPG antibodies have been developed, allowing for the measurement of OPG and, more recently, of soluble RANKL in both physiological and pathological conditions, often yielding unexpected results. When considering circulating OPG measurements, it should be borne in mind that this receptor is ubiquitously expressed, and that circulating levels do reflect the production by a number of tissues. Moreover, strikingly different values of circulating OPG have been reported. The aim of this paper is to summarize the available data on circulating OPG levels in a number of conditions; the pathophysiological significance and potential clinical utility will be emphasized.

Published
2004

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