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BACKGROUND: Cartoons are widely used distraction techniques for nonpharmacological management of procedural pain in pediatric settings. There are a few studies in the literature evaluate the effect of intervention on procedural pain, but a systematic review aimed at providing a summary of the overall effect is lacking. AIM: To summarize the available evidence on effectiveness of cartoons for children’s procedural pain. METHODS: Searching for parallel-group controlled trials was carried out on thirteen biomedical databases, five trial registries, web resources and gray literature sources from each database or resource setup date to 22 January 2023. Primary outcome was procedural pain, secondary outcome was anxiety. RoB 2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess risk of bias of included studies. RESULTS: 24 trials were selected for this review, which included a total of 3046 pediatric subjects. Children who watch cartoons during medical procedures experience less pain (SMD= -1.29; 95% CI: -1.75, -0.83; N=2239) and anxiety (UMD= -1.75; 95% CI: -2.94, -0.56; N=552) compared to children provided standard of care; for both outcomes, results are statistically significant. GRADE method shows moderate certainty/quality of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Cartoons are more effective than standard of care in reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children. Pending future studies confirming the results, we recommend their implementation in daily clinical practice even in care settings with limited resources.

The article aims to support the burgeoning interest in plurilingualism in research and educational practice by introducing a modular inventory for the assessment of parents’ motivation towards plurilingualism. Drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory (1977), we developed the Parent’s Motivation to Plurilingualism (PMP) inventory consisting of two modules: Module 1 assessing and the three tenets of plurilingualism orientation, employment reasons, culture transmission and socialization, Module 2 assessing general parents’ motivation to plurilingualism. Both modules can be used jointly or separately by researchers, educators and institutions to provide language programmes which respond to families’ expectations and yearnings. In the article, we report the development and the initial exploration of the PMP structure tested via a pilot study (N = 94 parents). Then, we report the results of a further study for the final validation of the PMP on large sample of 227 parents which provide evidence of the consistency and reliability of the PMP. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the factorial structure of the PMP inventory. The study provides insights into the effectiveness of plurilingual education in reflecting family expectations during a wide span of children’ school life and offers a greater understanding of parents’ motivation on the educational success of plurilingual children. Misurare la motivazione dei genitori al plurilinguismo: sviluppo e validazione di un inventario modulare L’articolo si propone di sostenere il crescente interesse per il plurilinguismo nella ricerca e nella pratica educativa introducendo un inventario modulare per la valutazione della motivazione dei genitori verso il plurilinguismo. Basandoci sulla teoria dei sistemi ecologici di Bronfenbrenner (1977), abbiamo sviluppato l’inventario Parents Motivation to Plurilingualism (PMP) composto da due moduli: il Modulo 1, che valuta i tre principi dell’orientamento al plurilinguismo, le ragioni di lavoro, la trasmissione culturale e la socializzazione, e il Modulo 2, che valuta la motivazione generale dei genitori al plurilinguismo. Entrambi i moduli possono essere utilizzati congiuntamente o separatamente da ricercatori, educatori e istituzioni per fornire programmi linguistici che rispondano alle aspettative e ai desideri delle famiglie. Nell’articolo riportiamo lo sviluppo e l’esplorazione iniziale della struttura del PMP, testata attraverso uno studio pilota (N = 94 genitori). In seguito, riportiamo i risultati di un ulteriore studio per la validazione finale del PMP su un ampio campione di 227 genitori, che fornisce la prova della coerenza e dell’affidabilità del PMP. L’analisi di conferma ha supportato la struttura fattoriale dell’inventario PMP. Lo studio fornisce approfondimenti sull’efficacia dell’educazione plurilingue nel riflettere le aspettative della famiglia durante un ampio arco di vita scolastica dei bambini e offre una maggiore comprensione della motivazione dei genitori sul successo scolastico dei bambini plurilingue.

This paper considers how late antique Latin authors (mainly Augustine and Corippus) dealt with ancestral rites and practices of probable autochthonous (i. e. Berber) origin and provided an ideological resemantisation. Although motivated by anti-pagan pleas and also allowing for some exaggeration, they nevertheless provide reliable information, which can be compared against epigraphic evidence, and offer further contributions that enrich the knowledge of the North African local pantheon, otherwise largely documented by epigraphical evidence. It might therefore be surmised that, notwithstanding the deep Christianisation of the region, at the end of the Roman Empire, North Africa still witnessed the survival of residual and isolated pagan fringes.

In questo articolo descrivo e studio un manoscritto recentemente riscoperto dei Nobili fatti di Alessandro Magno, finora considerato perduto. Il manoscritto è stato descritto da Hilka (1914) quando apparteneva all’antiquario Rosenthal, e la descrizione dettagliata dello studioso non lascia dubbi sull’identificazione: si tratta del ms. oggi a New Haven, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, con la segnatura 194. Tale ms. può essere considerato un importante testimone per la ricostruzione del testo finora noto come Nobili fatti, dal momento che contiene la stessa versione del ms. B (Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, II.IV.29): permette dunque di allestire una nuova edizione critica, integrando un’ampia lacuna di B (dovuta alla caduta di alcune carte), senza contaminare con la versione alternativa del ms. C (Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, II.I.62). Presento infine un primo studio sulla relazione tra i testimoni dei Nobili fatti, giungendo alla conclusione che il ms. C tramanda un testo distinto da quello dei mss. A e B, e pubblico l’ampia porzione di testo caduta in B, secondo la lezione di A

The paper offers a reconstruction of Marius Victorinus' anti-Arian writings and their doctrinal and theological innovations, discussing in particular the Latin version he provided of the Nicene Creed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research addresses the theme of the enhancement of two devotional cultural sites according to the principles of Responsible Research Innovation (RRI). The methodology provides for the involvement of various designers and local stakeholders, and is supported by digital technologies, both to speed up communication between those within the design process and to facilitate envisioning possible solutions by non-professional individuals. The aim is to enable new educational uses of the cultural heritage of the two historical-devotional sites, which are the focus of enhancement in a circular cognitive process based on collective construction of opportunities.

Entrepreneurship and cultural activism in brazilian peripheries. Periferias, favelas, hills, areas of special interest, subnormal clusters, margins. There are several expressions used in Brazil to name regions of the city in order to demarcate their alterity in relation to the "centers". Place of the fault (of services, opportunities, public policies, State), of violence, of the "plundering" in opposition to the places of the city where the social life that matters. The peripheral regions have always been seen as places of "authenticity", of cultural richness, of the sonority of samba, of popular inventiveness, of struggle and resistance. In the last decade, this positive image has been fed by the diffusion and effervescence of artistic and cultural practices (hip hop, graffiti, sarahs, theater collectives, new dance styles, audiovisual production), as well as by a discursive regime aimed at celebrating "creative" abilities and the enterprising talents of its residents. In the context of neoliberal rationality, these supposedly "resilient" virtues became the model of "good practices". In the text, I propose to describe the peripheral cultural scene and its multiple assemblages, in the context of the profound transformations that occurred in Brazilian cities in the years of the governments of the Workers' Party. In particular argument about the emergence of a new figure of worker, the cultural entrepreneur activist and his "career would run," that is, the specific ways in which his work activities and militancy decline.

Every organization and every innovation, including digital transformation, are based on projects; one third of the world’s economy is based on projects. Digital-based innovations consist of “multidisciplinary” prospects based on juridical, organizational, archival and technological dimensions. Moreover the project has to use management methodologies: project management has become an important discipline in this context. The project and its management methodologies use a systemic approach for the management areas. Similarly digital archive innovations require a multidisciplinary approach: it identifies a transformation from the pure analytical approach towards a complex, multidisciplinary and interdependent systems. The project and digital archive initiatives have to strategically use the approach and project oriented organization, based on a multidisciplinary and systemic approach: the “digital project”. This approach requires to measure results of the used digital strategies and to evaluate the relative projects. The strategic perspectives management consists of balanced indicators for the related disciplines, through using Digital Scorecard (DSC), digital archive performance named Overall digital Archive Effectiveness (OAE) and the Digital Manager based on an equilibrium of competences emerging from the application of games theory.

Copyright of Chimica & L'Industria is the property of Societa Chimica Italiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of L'Infermiere is the property of IPASVI - Italian Nursing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Every organization and every innovation, including digital transformation, are based on projects; one third of the world’s economy is based on projects. Digital-based innovations consist of “multidisciplinary” prospects based on juridical, organizational, archival and technological dimensions. Moreover the project has to use management methodologies: project management has become an important discipline in this context. The project and its management methodologies use a systemic approach for the management areas. Similarly digital archive innovations require a multidisciplinary approach: it identifies a transformation from the pure analytical approach towards a complex, multidisciplinary and interdependent systems. The project and digital archive initiatives have to strategically use the approach and project oriented organization, based on a multidisciplinary and systemic approach: the “digital project”. This approach requires to measure results of the used digital strategies and to evaluate the relative projects. The strategic perspectives management consists of balanced indicators for the related disciplines, through using Digital Scorecard (DSC), digital archive performance named Overall digital Archive Effectiveness (OAE) and the Digital Manager based on an equilibrium of competences emerging from the application of games theory.

The relationship between spirituality and religiosity and the psycho-physical well-being of individuals represents an emblematic area of interest. Several studies show how spirituality and religiosity and psycho-physical well-being are related to mental health, in particular to depressive symptoms. From a clinical perspective, these dimensions are operationalised in «spiritual and religious coping», a complex and multidimensional series of strategies that are activated when patients draw on their faith to cope with harmful events. Data show a lack of clarity of the clinical adaptation of spirituality and religiosity, through cognitive-behavioural protocols. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyse the current cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy protocols, which integrate patients' spiritual and religious beliefs. The research was conducted using the following search engines: «PubMed», «Scopus» and «PsycInfo». Results show a protective effect of spiritual and religious dimensions on depressive psychopathology and depressive symptoms in comorbidities. The protocol demonstrates the moderate efficacy of cognitive-behavioural therapy, associated with spiritual and religious dimensions by analysing and modifying irrational or dysfunctional beliefs in depressive symptoms. Evidence shows the value of spirituality and religiosity in determining a protective effect on mental health and the possibility of effectively integrating spiritual dimensions into cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, with the spread of the BIM technology in the Cultural Heritage field, it is important to find, case by case, a method that permits to manage the archeological and architectural artifacts considering their personal needs. In this case, the project focuses on a portion of the roofs of the Milan Cathedral, chosen for the complexity and richness in shapes of the components, which leads to difficult survey operations. The target was to experience complex methods of multi-sensor and multi-scale data acquisition and to build an infographic three-dimensional reality-based model in order to help and manage the conservation activities of the building. The complexity of the Cathedral’s late gothic style represents a hard challenge for the application of the innovative surveying methods and for modelling with a BIM-oriented software. For this reason, the experiment was made with two different modelling methods (one is object-oriented modelling BIM and the other is based on the use of NURBS surfaces), in order to find the differences between the two, in terms of managing the survey data, modelling, accuracy of the model, time required to create it and typology of data that they are able to visualize and insert. The result of this work is an example of methodological approach that can enhance the widespread application of this innovative technology for restoration or maintenance activities of built heritage.

Griko needs to be written if you wish to give this minority language, which encompasses a small territory of Salento, the chance to survive its disappearance as a language of communication. In order to adequately represent such a language that tradition handed down to us only in its orality, however, the written form has to respect some fundamental criteria which are the same as the ones recalled in the poetic text the relationship starts from. First of all by writing correctly: that is, by reproducing precisely and clearly the rules that underlie the language. Then by adapting to its semantic heritage, which is linked above all to the peasants' civilization, in which context griko lived on. Finally, by trying to witness, through the language, the history and culture of the past, as an essential element of identity to be proposed to the upcoming generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EnThe growing availability of data in the information systems has raised the challenging problem of distinguishing between the resources that belong to the same information context. Starting from the hypothesis that the information system is based on Semantic Web technologies, is it possible to use these technologies to make an information system more adaptive to user requirements in order to enable personalization and differentiation mechanisms in the information delivery process?This paper proposes an approach to building recommendations by using Semantic Web technologies, in order to give the users a different access to the information. The outcome is a semantic recommender engine, capable of retrieving and ranking semantically annotated resources, by using a set of domain ontologies and a semantic matching algorithm. We are showing some applications of this model in the Cultural Heritage domain in which the presented approach seems to be particularly effective, due to the richness of semantic structures and models existing for such domain.ItLa crescente quantità di dati disponibili da parte dei sistemi informativi ha sollevato il complesso problema della distinzione tra risorse appartenenti allo stesso contesto informativo. Partendo dall'ipotesi che il sistema informativo si basi sulle tecnologie proprie del Web Semantico, è possibile utilizzare tali tecnologie per rendere il sistema adattivo ai requisiti dell'utente, abilitando, in questo modo, meccanismi di personalizzazione e differenziazione?Questo articolo propone un approccio per la generazione di recommendation, utilizzando le tecnologie del Web Semantico, al fine di fornire, ai singoli utenti, accessi differenziati alle informazioni. Il risultato è un motore di generazione di recommendation semantiche, in grado di recuperare e classificare risorse annotate semanticamente, avvalendosi di un set di ontologie di dominio e di un algoritmo di matching semantico. Saranno infine descritte alcune applicazioni di tale modello nel dominio del Cultural Heritage. In tale dominio, infatti, grazie all'enorme mole di ontologie, modelli e strutture semantiche esistenti, l'approccio presentato sembra essere particolarmente efficace.

ItMolti vizi e virtù di Apple hanno le radici in vizi e virtù di Steve Jobs. Questi a loro volta derivano dalla spiccata originalità del suo percorso creativo e professionale e dai problemi piuttosto pressanti che questa ha creato. Ad essi egli ha reagito secondo la sua natura, determinando, in ultima analisi, la fisionomia caratteristica di Apple. Il testo seguente cercherà di illustrare alcuni punti di questa tesi.EnVices and virtues of Apple are rooted in vices and virtues of Steve Jobs. These, in turn, stem from the striking uniqueness of his creative path and from the severe problems it brought about. To them, he reacted following his own nature, eventually shaping the peculiar personality of Apple. The following paper will try to clarify such notion.

ItIn quanti modi è possibile trasmettere audio e video in diretta a un gran numero di destinatari? Se da una parte il grosso pubblico può ritenere banale il problema, uno sguardo più attento rivela senza difficoltà che è vero l'esatto opposto. L'articolo passa in rassegna i principali metodi attualmente usati ed evidenzia i problemi che essi comportano. Infine viene brevemente presentata una proposta sviluppata nel laboratorio dell'autore che cerca di sfruttare Internet ed il satellite per aggirare le difficoltà dei metodi passati in rassegna.EnHow many ways to transmit live audio and video to a very large audience are available?While the layman may consider such problem a trivial one, the exact opposite is true. A short review of the answers to the question is given in the following, together with a brief description of the drawbacks associated with each of them. The article ends with a short presentation of a proposal developed in the author's lab which puts to work the Internet and the satellite to get around the difficulties of the reviewed methods.

Il libro digitale è attualmente al centro del dibattito sulla Scuol@ 2.0: vengono presentati sia un modello di libro digitale (c-book) che un metodo per la creazione dello stesso; il modello si basa sulla costruzione collaborativa dei materiali didattici e sulla fruizione sociale degli stessi. Chiave di volta è un ecosistema di produzione/fruizione di contenuti digitali che nasce dalla interazione fra una comunità di apprendimento formata da una rete regionale di scuole e una comunità di pratica di docenti focalizzata sulla sperimentazione di nuovi metodi didattici. La creazione e l’utilizzo di c-book viene infatti vista solo come un mezzo per innescare processi di miglioramento delle pratiche didattiche che, assieme ai migliori metodi tradizionali, possano aiutare la personale costruzione di significato del singolo studente.