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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis have received the most attention among all nematodes studied for the control of insects because they possess many of the attributes of effective biological control agents. Recently, also same Oscheius species have been identified as potential insect pest. The overall aims of this study were (i) to characterize and describe entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from the soils collected during different surveys; (ii) to develop a technique for long-term storage of nematodes; and (ii) to determine the virulence and efficacy of the Steinernema carpocapsae ItS-CAO1, as well as to determine its stability and potential for mass production.