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"African immigration towards Italy is presented as part of the wider international context. The function of emigration networks is briefly examined. A comparison is made between the Burkinabe and Senegalese groups, the latter being the most important group from West Africa. The different ways of entering the labour market are studied according to the legal situation of migrants (whether regulars or clandestines), the Italian region of settlement, and above all according to the characteristics of the ethnic networks established by the two above-mentioned nationalities.... The article shows how the choice of individual or group integration strategies depends both on cultural factors of the society of origin and on the economic and social situation of the Italian region of settlement." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE), (excerpt)

A comparison of migration patterns among the Soninke and Toucouleur ethnic groups that inhabit the Senegal river region is presented using data from a 1991-1992 survey of 3,400 rural families. "The differences primarily regard the duration and the destination in their migration patterns. Those differences are then analyzed according to family's subsistence strategies and multi-level activity as well as the system of social relationships which develop between the emigrant and his/her family or community of origin." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE), (excerpt)

"The study compares two surveys carried out in 1987 and 1990 on two different immigrant groups coming from Morocco and Senegal and working in Lombardy and the Salento area [of Italy]. Economic and employment differences between the two groups are emphasized, taking into consideration not only the two different geographical areas but also the diverse migratory projects of the two communities." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE), (excerpt)