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Start Over Topic climate change Topic sustainability Language japanese
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1. ロシアにおける気候変動政策のステークホルダー分析.

Author

⼭ 脇 and ⼤

Subjects
CLIMATE change, INTERNATIONAL relations, GLOBAL temperature changes, GREENHOUSE gas mitigation, PARIS Agreement (2016), SUSTAINABILITY
Abstract

Climate change has been recognised as an important policy issue that affects nature and socio-economic systems of all continents and oceans over the last few decades. In order to achieve the ambitious goal of ‘keeping a global temperature rise to less than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels’ by the Paris Agreement agreed at COP 21 in 2015, formulation and implementation of climate change policies, especially mitigation ones to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been recently advanced all over the world. Russia, as one of the largest energy-resource rich countries and GHG emitters, has been also in the process of modernisation towards a low-carbon society, especially after the occurrence of global financial crisis in 2008-2009. Under this circumstance, the formulation and implementation of climate change policies have recently begun in earnest in Russia through its signature on and ratification of the Paris Agreement effective in 2016. These policies in Russia, however, often end in failure. In this context, this present paper firstly clarifies the current situation of climate change and its causes such as GHG and air pollutants emissions in Russia, followed by the critical consideration of previous studies on this global thematic issue. By revisiting the formulation and implementation process of Russian climate change policies with a special focus on its multi-stakeholders, this paper tries to explain why these policies are not materialised in Russia, that is, factors influencing on its policy failure. Throughout a series of analysis, it becomes clear in this paper that Russian environmental administration has been weakened whilst the government spending with environmental purposes on a downward trend in Russia after starting market transition in the 1990s. This paper also derives that institutional arrangements in the governmental committees enable Russian oil and gas companies to do lobbying for reflecting their interests on relevant policies. Besides, it becomes unveiled that residents and civil society organisations (CSOs), as one of representative protesters demanding policy reforms through social movements, have an insignificant influence on climate change policies in the case of Russia. This paper then concludes that these factors are crucial propositions given to Russian climate change policies to materialise its transition towards a low-carbon society as well as big challenges to be overcome for its future sustainable growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

2. Policy analysis of energy transition in Taiwan : economic assessment by the E3ME-FTT model

Author

Chen, Li-chun

Subjects
E3ME-FTT Model, climate change, energy transition, sustainability
Abstract

As climate change and various environmental pollution issues are becoming more serious, many countries are actively promoting energy transition. The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, is aimed at curbing the rise in global average temperatures to within 2℃ above pre-industrial levels and limiting temperature rises to 1.5℃ above pre-industrial levels. Taiwan is accelerating its path of energy transition to a "nuclear-free homeland" and “low-carbon economy” by phasing out all nuclear power generation in 2025 and imposing a legally binding goal of reducing coal-fired power generation from 47 percent to 26 percent. This paper investigates the impact of nuclear and coal power regulations on fuel mix CO2 emissions in the power sector by 2050 in Taiwan. Analysis is a future technology shift in the power sector called “Future Technology Transformations; FTT” for the power sector; Consider using the E3ME model linked to FTT: Power sub-model.

Published
2021

3. Transition of renewable energy policies and vision of 100% renewable energy region

Subjects
持続可能性, エネルギー政策, Sustainability, 再生可能エネルギー, Climate Change, Energy Policies, Renewable Energy, 気候変動, 地域主導, Community Power
Abstract

和文：2000年代に入ってから欧州を中心に再生可能エネルギーの急成長が始まった。特に欧州各国では、化石燃料の削減のみならず原子力発電への限界も見据えて、100％再生可能エネルギーに向けた歩みをすでに始めている。2011年の福島第一原発事故をきっかけに日本においても再生可能エネルギーへの転換が急速にすすみつつある。そこで本論文では、再生可能エネルギーの普及政策の中で特に固定価格買取制度（以下、FIT 制度）等の果たしてきた役割とその評価について、海外と国内を比較しつつ、国内での現状と今後の見通しを論じる。その上で、地域における 100％再生可能エネルギーへの展望として、最終的に将来目指すべき100％再生可能エネルギー地域への取組みと可能性を論じる。長期的な100％再生可能エネルギーの実現向けては、中長期的な導入目標の設定が重要だが、再生可能エネルギーに占める割合や温室効果ガス削減目標など、欧州各国では2020年までに30％を超える野心的な目標を掲げる国が多数ある。さらにドイツを中心に 100％自然エネルギー地域の実現のため取り組みが行われている。その際には、電気だけではなく、熱利用や輸送燃料についてもエネルギー効率化と再生可能エネルギーへの転換が重要である。一方、日本では2012年からのFIT制度の導入により太陽光発電を中心に急成長を始めたが、100％再生可能エネルギーに向けた動きとして福島県のビジョンやエネルギー永続地帯での評価などがある。, 英文：Rapid growth of renewable energy in Europe and from the 2000s began. Especially in European countries, the limit of nuclear power generation is not the reduction of fossil fuel only be anticipation, have already started to walk towards 100% renewable energy. In Japan in the wake of the severe accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant of 2011 is progressing rapidly conversion to renewable energy. In this paper, especially feed-in tariffs (FIT) in the dissemination policy of renewable energy and the role that has played such as for the evaluation, while comparing the overseas and domestic, and the future status quo in Japan We discuss the outlook. On top of that, as the outlook to 100% renewable energy in the region, to discuss the efforts and possibilities to 100% renewable energy region and should aim ultimately future. Toward the realization of long-term 100% renewable energy, medium- and long-term introduction goal setting but important, such as the percentage and greenhouse gas reduction targets as a percentage of renewable energy, in the European countries 30% in 2020 country listed an ambitious goal that exceeds a certain number. In addition it has been made efforts for the realization of 100% renewable energy region around Germany. In doing so, not only electricity, is also important conversion to energy efficiency and renewable energy for heat utilization and transportation fuel. On the other hand, in Japan, it began a rapid growth in the center of the solar power generation by the introduction of the FIT scheme from 2012, some evaluation and in Fukushima Prefecture of vision and energy sustainable zone as a move towards 100% renewable energy.

Published
2016