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Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes（RESTQ-Sport）は、アスリートにおけるストレスおよび回復状態を評価することのできる質問紙である。本稿の目的はRESTQ-76 Sportを紹介し、日本人アスリートにおける有用性を予備的に検討することである。日本語に翻訳したRESTQ-Sportを実施した5人のアスリート（高校女子ハンドボール選手2名、男子大学エリートトライアスロン選手1名、プロフェッショナル自転車選手2名）の事例を考察する。対象者のストレスおよび回復状態は競技レベルやトレーニング、栄養状況などによって異なっていたが、選手の回復感の継時的変化や顕在化していなかった不調を反映していた。RESTQ-Sportによる評価は、日本人選手においても有用である可能性が示唆された。, This paper introduces the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport) which is a self-report instrument to measure stress and recovery states in athletes. In this paper, we demonstrate 5 cases where we examined its usefulness for Japanese athletes preliminarily. A Japanese version of the RESTQ-76 Sport was completed by 5 athletes from different type of sports and performance levels (2 female high school handball players, 1 male university elite triathlete, and 2 professional cyclists). The participants’ RESTQ-Sport scores indicated that their stress and recovery states were different, associating with their performance levels and circumstances around them as well as their physical conditions or nutritional status. The interpretation of RESTQ-Sport scores were consistent with their coaches’ observations on the athlete’s conditions. Those findings suggest that the Japanese version of the RESTQ-Sport would be a convenient and feasible method to comprehend Japanese athlete’s stress and recovery state quantitatively. It would be helpful to recognize impairment of physical and mental conditions at the early stage and promote optimal performance of athletes.