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The purpose of this study was to obtain suggestions on how to effectively support new nurses who are facing difficulties， by understanding the current level of resilience in new nurses and verifying the relationship of resilience with related factors such as self-efficacy. New nurses at a university hospital completed an anonymous self-administered survey that investigated basic attributes， workplace relationships， and workload; the survey also included the bidimensional resilience scale and the generalized self-efficacysei scale. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results showed that resilience was positively correlated with self-efficacy. In the multivariate analysis， both the “sociality” factor of innate resilience and the “problem-solving” factor of acquired resilience were significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy. Thus， the findings of this study suggest that forms of support that increase self-efficacy while also factoring in aspects of sociality related to self-efficacy and interventions that strengthen problem-solving approaches are likely to be effective in increasing the resilience of new nurses at university hospitals.

The purpose of this study was to obtain suggestions on how to effectively support new nurses who are facing difficulties， by understanding the current level of resilience in new nurses and verifying the relationship of resilience with related factors such as self-efficacy. New nurses at a university hospital completed an anonymous self-administered survey that investigated basic attributes， workplace relationships， and workload; the survey also included the bidimensional resilience scale and the generalized self-efficacysei scale. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results showed that resilience was positively correlated with self-efficacy. In the multivariate analysis， both the “sociality” factor of innate resilience and the “problem-solving” factor of acquired resilience were significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy. Thus， the findings of this study suggest that forms of support that increase self-efficacy while also factoring in aspects of sociality related to self-efficacy and interventions that strengthen problem-solving approaches are likely to be effective in increasing the resilience of new nurses at university hospitals.

私たちは、誰かが怒っている顔やヘビなどを見れば恐怖を感じる。これは経験によって学習した情動反応なのか、生得的にもっている脅威感知システムによるのだろうか。成人を対象とした実験で、ヘビやクモをすばやくみつけられることを実験的に示し、これらに対する敏感性を確認した。つづいて、3-5歳の子どもでも同じ結果が得られることを確認した。このことは経験の効果が弱いことを示している。さらに、ヘビを見たことのないサルでも同じ結果が得られることを示し、これらの対象に対する敏感さは進化的に培われた生得的なものであることを確認した。では、生まれる前からどのようにヘビを認識できることになっているのだろうか。これは脳の視床にある核が特定のパタンに反応することで恐怖センターである扁桃体を賦活させるためと考えられる。そのパタンとはヘビに特徴的なウロコであり、これが鍵となってヘビへのすばやい反応を喚起させていると考えられる。, Humans are afraid of specific stimuli, such as angry faces and snakes. It has been a long debate on whether such fear responses are acquired through learning or an innate one. A series of our studies demonstrated that a picture of snake among those of flowers was also quickly detected by human adults. We also found that even young children of three years old detected a picture of snake among flower pictures, which suggests that humans are innately sensitive to snakes. Further, we found that macaque monkeys reared in a laboratory with no experience with snakes also detected snake pictures quickly. These results strongly suggest that snakes and/or angry face are phylogenetic fear-relevant stimuli, and that the exaggerated sensitivity to snakes by humans and monkeys have evolutional routes. A hypothesis and our on-going studies suggest scale is the key to snake fear.