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It has been reported that glucose toxicity was induced by chronic hyperglycemia and glucosamine. The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of 50% glucose and glucosamine infusion on in vivo glucose utilization in rats using the euglycemic clamp technique. Insulin was infused at a rate of 3 mU/kg/min in the awake condition. 50% glucose infusion rose blood glucose levels to more than 200mg/dl for 6 hr before the euglycemic clamp. Glucosamine (6.5mg/kg/min) was also infused for 6 hr before the euglycemic clamp. During the insulin infusion, plasma insulin levels reached around 30μU/ml and blood glucose was clamped at fasting level by periodic adjustment of glucose infusion. Glucose infusion rates (GIRs) during the euglycemic clamp in 50% glucose-infused rats (12.6±1.2 mg/kg/min) and in glucosamine-infused rats (9.1±0.9 mg/kg/min) were significantly lower than those in control rats (18.8±1.1 mg/kg/min, p

The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of nitric oxide (NO) on in vivo glucose utilization in STZ-induced diabetic rats using the euglycemic clamp technique. Insulin was infused at a rate of 3.0 mU/kg/min in the awake condition. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), which was nitric oxide donor, and adenosine, which is NO independent vasodilator, were also given at a rate of 3ng/kg/min, and 1.5μmol/kg/min, respectively, during the euglycemic insulin clamp. Plasma insulin levels during the insulin infusion were 30μU/ml, and blood glucose was clamped at 140 mg/dl by periodic adjustment of i.v. glucose infusion rate. Metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) in diabetic rats given SNP during the insulin clamp was 15.6 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min, as compared to 8.3 ± 0.8 ml/kg/min in diabetic control rats (p < 0.05), and reached to 83% of level of normal rats (18.8 ± 2.7 ml/kg/min). MCR in diabetic rats infused with adenosine (7.1 ± 0.8) was similar to diabetic conntrol rats. It could be concluded that NO stimulates whole body glucose utilization in diabetic rats.

This study was undertaken in order to investigate the influences of high-fat and high-fructose diets on insulin resistance. Female Wistar rats were fed high-fat, high-fructose diet or control chow diet ad libitum for 3wks. Insulin action was assessed with the euglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rate: 3.0 (L) and 30.0 (H) mU/kg BW/min). Blood glucose levels in all groups were kept constant during the euglycemic clamp. In the L-clamp, glucose infusion rate (GIR) in high-fat fed rats was decreased significantly, as compared with controls (4.7±0.1 vs. 8.3±0.1 mg/kg BW/min, P