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身長の最大発育年齢と下肢長の最大発育年齢との間には有意な相関関係があることが知られている。また長育の発育指標である下肢長,座高および身長の最大発育年齢の発現順序については,平均値では,下肢長→身長→座高の最大発育年齢という順序で発現することが明らかにされているが,個々のデータを見ると,逆の順が存在し,その理由については明らかにされていない。そこで身長の発育速度曲線から調査対象者を早熟型,平均型および晩熟型に分け,長育の順序性について調べた。 その結果女子では成熟型による特徴は認められなかった。一方男子では,早熟型および平均型の間で,違いが認められ,早熟型では身長→座高という順序で最大発育年齢が発現する例が多く,平均型では逆に座高→身長という順序で最大発育年齢が出現する例が多い傾向にあることが認められた。 今後mid-growth spurtやtake offの時期との関わり等 についてもさらに検討を加える必要があると考えられた。, It is well known that there was a significant correlation between Maximum Increment Age (MIA) in Subischial Leg Length (SLL) and MIA in height. The time difference of MIA in SLL, MIA in height and MIA in Sitting Height (SH) was not well understood. The aim of current study was to examine the sequence of these three elements of bone growth. SLL was computed as the difference between height and SH. MIA was calculated by proportional allotment of yearly increment. Subjects consisted of 136 schoolchildren (74 boys, 62 girls) born from 1997 to 1998. All children were divided into three maturity type based on MIA in height that is early, average and late respectively. There was a significant correlation between MIA in SLL and MIA in height, but there was no significant correlation was found between MIA in SH and MIA in height. After making cross tabulation analysis, a difference was accepted in order of MIA by maturity degree in boys. MIA in SH came up next to MIA in height in early maturity type, and MIA in height came up next to MIA in SH in average maturity type. In girls, there was no relation between the sequence of MIAs by cross tabulation analysis. We considered that further research was needed on the sequence of MIAs.

In this study, we examined the effects of sexual difference and aging on facial expression recognition by using a group test of expression recognition. This test evaluated the accuracy and the speed of facial expression recognition. The test consisted of two tasks: one was to look at a picture of a facial expression and select the appropriate emotion term (data-driven processing task), and the other was to look at an emotion term and select the picture of the facial expression which best expressed that emotion (conceptually-driven processing task). Experiments 1 and 2 showed neither a repetition effect nor an order effect of tasks in this test. Experiment 3 showed that females were faster than males in recognizing facial expressions, but there were no sexual differences in the accuracy of facial expression recognition, and that aging caused a gradual decline in expression recognition.

I investigated a difference between the two sexes with Hasegawa Dementia Scale. The Hasegawa Dementia Scale (see table 1) had made by Dr. Hasegawa (1974). When I was young I had made a test sheet (see table 2) with reference to the original Hasegawa Dementia Scale. I have used it in the hospital as a clinical psychologist. The primary patient group is composed of a sample of 3567 psychological case records (2 years-93 years) which were registered in the hospitals from the year 1975 to the year 2003. There is a statistical difference between the two sexes in the primary patient group (p

A vocabulary is used as one of the indexes of the language development, and it is pmportant meaning to grasping vocabulary development. But, there is a little research that a vocabulary in the 12-23 Month wa investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the vocabulary of the child in the 12-23 Month. We analyzed it about the number of average vocabularies, the part of speech atructure, the different in sex. The results is following there were two stages in the vocabulary development as that result. There were many nouns. And it was the result that preceding research was supported with a part of speech. A noun could be thought to occupy an important position in the early vocabulary development. It guessed the matter that it increased after a 24 month. A difference in sex became clearer than 22month. From now on, the vocabulary which becomes the index of the development evaluation, and the number of vocabularies will be examined.

The purpose of this study were to investigate factorial structures of physique and physical fitness, and to determine the change of physique and physical fitness with age and its sex difference in the elderly. Nineteen test items were selected from 5 domains of physique, muscle function, joint function (flexibility), neuromuscular function and lung function, considering the validity, safety and convenience of tests. The subjects were 207 males and 226 females aged 65 to 89 years. Factor analysis was applied to each correlation matrixes consisting of 8 physique variables and 11 physical fitness variables. In physique domain, three extracted factors were interpreted as body fat, body linearity and body bulk. Body bulk and body linearity in both sexes and body fat in females decrease significantly with age. Body linearity was found significantly larger in males than females. Body fat was significantly greater in females. In physical fitness domain, four factors were extracted and interpreted as muscular strength, balance, agility of upper and lower limbs, and flexibility. A significant declining trend with age was found in the above-mentioned physical fitness elements both sexes. Also, significant sex differences in muscular strength, balance, and flexibility were found, and males were superior to females except for flexibility. It was inferred that the influence of aging in muscular strength and balance is greater flexibility and agility of upper and lower limbs in the elderly. Further, the decrease of muscular strength seems to facilitate the decline of balance with age.

[論文] Article

平成5年度科学研究費補助金(一般研究C)研究成果報告書, 研究概要：本研究ではイリオモテヤマネコ、ツシマヤマネコの2種のヤマネコに主にテレメトリー法を適用することによって、各個体の行動圏に関する長期的調査を複数個体について行なった。また、ノネコを含む他の哺乳類の血縁判定で成果を上げているフィンガープリント法の野生ネコ科への適用の可能性を探る試みを行なった。イリオモテヤマネコについての調査は、沖縄県竹富町西表島において、テレメトリー法、直接観察法、自動撮影法、各種情報整理による行動圏の調査、直接観察による個体間関係の調査を行なった。雌雄それぞれの行動圏の維持、母仔関係、行動圏の継承に関する資料が得られ、特にコアエリアを中心とする雌の行動圏の利用様式とその決定要因としての低湿地の重要性、雄の行動圏と主要餌動物との関連が明らかになった。また、雄の質による定住性等の差も分析することができた。これらはイリオモテヤマネコの社会の構造の中で重要なファクターとなるものである。また、これまで社会維持機構に関わる要因の解析の上で重要でありながら情報が得られていなかった繁殖スケジュールや繁殖システムに関しても明らかになりつつある。捕獲時に採取した血液によって、DNAフィンガープリント法による血縁解析も行なった。ツシマヤマネコについては行動圏に関する直接の資料は得られなかったが、長崎県対馬において痕跡法を用いて糞の分布と内容物の分析から行動圏の利用に関する知見を得た。これらの成果をこれまで得られてきた2種のヤマネコに関する資料とともに解析し、さらに従来継続してきたノネコの社会構造に関する資料とともに考察することにより、ネコ科社会の可塑性についての考察を試みた。これを発展させて、ネコ科の社会進化についてまとめる計画である。, This field survey on the Iriomote cat Felis iriomotensis was conducted on Iriomote Island in Okinawa using radio-tracking method, auto-photographing method and night observation method. Sexual difference in home range utilization pattern, mother-offspring relationship, the inheritance process of home range from mother to offspring were observed. It was clarified that some core areas in females' home ranges were important for them, especially for breeding females. The home ranges of breeding females contained the low wetland in larger proportion. The low wetland seemed to be closely related the abundant food resource. Breeding schedule, which seemed to be important to analyze the social system was estimated for females. Furthermore, males seemed to be variable depending on their individuality (quality, status etc.). DNA finger printing method was also applied to investigate the kin relationship among individuals. The field signs of the Tushima leopard cat Felis bengalensis euptilura was recorded and analyzed to investigate its habitat utilization and food habits. The results in this study was analyzed together withe the data on these two wild felids and on the feral cats which had been gained in our previous studies. The flexibility of the social system of felids was discussed and the hypothesis on the evolution of it are going to be constructed., 一部未公開(抜刷論文のため)