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Background and Objectives Adenotonsillar enlargement is a common cause of pediatric illnesses, including obstructive respiratory disease and recurrent airway infection. The current tonsil grading systems evaluate tonsil size, but the correlation with actual tonsillar size in a clinical setting has not been established. Materials and Method Between May and July of 2018, we recruited 31 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy with no major craniofacial abnormalities. The actual size of the palatine tonsils, the long (L1) and short (S1) axes of the tonsil beyond the anterior pillar, and the real axes (L2 and S2) after tonsil extraction from the fossa were measured during surgery. Adenoid size was determined by measuring the adenoid-nasopharynx (AN) ratio through lateral view x-ray of the neck. Results Though S1 was related to the Friedman scale (p

Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs as a result of isolated parathyroid adenoma in 80% to 85% of all cases. A 99mtechnetium (99mTc) sestamibi scan or neck ultrasonography is used to localize the neoplasm prior to surgical intervention. A 53-year-old female was referred for the exclusion of metabolic bone disease. She presented with low back pain that had persisted for the past 6 months and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (1,253 IU/L). Four years previously, she had been diagnosed at a local hospital with a 2.3-cm thyroid nodule, which was determined to be pathologically benign. Radiofrequency ablation was performed at the same hospital because the nodule was still growing during the follow-up period 2 years before the visit to our hospital, and the procedure was unsuccessful in reducing the size of the nodule. The results of the laboratory tests in our hospital were as follows: serum calcium, 14.6 mg/dL; phosphorus, 3.5 mg/dL; and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 1,911 pg/mL. Neck ultrasonography and 99mTc sestamibi scan detected a 5-cm parathyroid neoplasm in the left lower lobe of the patient's thyroid; left parathyroidectomy was performed. This case indicated that thyroid ultrasonographers and pathologists need to be experienced enough to differentiate a parathyroid neoplasm from a thyroid nodule; 99mTc sestamibi scan, serum calcium, and iPTH levels can help to establish the diagnosis of parathyroid neoplasm.

Purpose: This descriptive study is aimed at understanding how clinical nurses' terminal care attitude and spiritual health affect their terminal care stress. Methods: Data were collected from self-reported questionnaire filled by 238 nurses at a general hospital in G Metropolitan City. Results: The study showed that nurses' attitudes toward terminal care, spiritual health, marital status, and clinical experience largely affect their terminal care stress. In particular, the higher they scored on terminal care attitudes, the lower they scored on terminal care stress. These variables accounted for 52.3% of the total variance. Conclusion: The study shows terminal care attitude is an important factor for terminal care stress perceived by clinical nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an educational intervention program to improve nurses' terminal care attitudes and spiritual health, which in turn would lower their terminal care stress or help them effectively cope with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculous peritonitis is one of the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The presenting signs and symptoms, together with the carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 status and imaging findings may resemble the primary peritoneal carcinoma or ovarian carcinoma. We herein report a case on a 71-year-old woman who is presented with abdominal distension, abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia. Abdomino-pelvic computed tomography scans reveal large amounts of ascites and mottled omentum with diffuse nodular masses, and the serum CA 125 level is elevated. The initial clinical diagnosis is the primary peritoneal carcinoma, but the final histological diagnosis confirms the tuberculous peritonitis. Thus, we discuss the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis from primary peritoneal carcinoma and also the problems especially found in old aged patients. In conclusion, although the elderly patients are suspected with malignancy, we should keep in mind the possibility of curable diseases and perform laparoscopic biopsy during the early stage aggressively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Hongso" was originated from a cross between "Yoko" and "Hongro" in NIHHS, RDA, in 1989. "Hongso" was preliminarily selected in 2002 for its high fruit quality. After regional adaptability test at five sites from 2003 to 2006 as "Wonkyo Ga-30" it was finally selected in 2006. Optimum harvest time is early September which is similar to that of "Hongro". Fruit shape is globose conical and skin color is light red. Mean fruit weight is 295g and soluble solids content is 14.1oBrix. Fruits acidity is 0.34%, which is higher than that of "Hongro"(0.23%). It has a good taste for harmony of sugar and acidity. Storability is 3 weeks in room temperature. It is apt to russet on fruit skin. It is susceptible to Bitter rot. "Hongso" has a good cross compatibility with major cultivars such as "Fuji", "Hongro" and "Tsugaru". Tree habit is semi-spreading and tree vigor is weak. "Hongso" is high-density cultivation type cultivar, because it has a precocity, spur-type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The apple rootstock M.26 (Malus pumila) is very popular apple rootstock with semi-dwarf habit and the trees on M.26 produce high quality fruit at a young age. Since it is prone to poor prop ability to soil, however, young trees require staking in windy locations. The rolC gene was introduced into M.26 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring pBI121 to obtain its transformants with dwarfism and enhanced rooting ability. One regenerated transgenic line was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA for the existence of rolC gene. The characteristics of transgenic line in vitro were not significantly different from non-transgenic line except for the active root formation and lateral root number. The rolC transgenic line showed reduced stem length and increased root number in vitro. Rooting ability was examined in the isolated greenhouse after mound layering. Compared to non-transgenic M.26, rolC transgenic line showed significantly higher rooting ability. The transgenic line did not show any other observable variation in shoot phenotype compared with non-transgenic line excepting increased branching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]