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Transparent antennas and electromagnetic-wave shielding using existing optically transparent electrodes (TEs) such as indium tin oxide, MLF, and metal mesh were investigated. We analyzed the optical and electrical characteristics of a liquid TE using saltwater compared to those of conventional solid TEs. Saltwater with a salinity of 35 ppt (conductivity=5 s/m) has an average transparency of >95% in the visible band. A planar saltwater layer with a 3 mm thickness has a shielding effectiveness performance of >22 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we prepared ITO thin films on Nb2O5/SiO2 double buffer layer using DC magnetron sputtering method and investigated electrical and optical properties with various substrate temperatures (room temperature ~ 400℃). The resistivity showed a decreasing tendency, because crystallinity has been improved due to the enlarged grain size with increasing substrate temperature. ITO thin film deposited at 400℃ showed the most excellent value of resistivity and sheet resistance as 3.03×10-4Ω·cm, 86.6Ω/sq., respectively. In results of optical properties, average transmittance was increased but chromaticity (b*) was decreased in visible light region (400~800nm) with increasing substrate temperature. Average transmittance and chromaticity (b*) of ITO thin film deposited at 400℃ exhibited significantly improved results as 85.8% and 2.13 compared to 82.8% and 4.56 of the ITO thin film without buffer layer. Finally, we found that ITO thin film introduced Nb2O5/SiO2 double buffer layer has a remarkably improved optical property such as transmittance and chromaticity due to the index matching effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]