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Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of resilience and nursing managers' empowering leadership on turnover intention among new nurses, as well as the mediating role of transition shock. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 167 new nurses working in tertiary hospitals in Korea between July 1st and July 13, 2022. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients, and the factors affecting turnover intention were identified using PROCESS macro analysis. Results: Resilience (direct effect=-0.02, p=.781) and nursing managers' empowering leadership (direct effect=-0.00, p=.992) did not directly affect new nurses' turnover intention. Transition shock had mediating role in the relationship between resilience and turnover intention (indirect effect=-0.12, 95% Boot confidence interval=-0.23~-0.04) and between nursing managers' empowering leadership and turnover intention (indirect effect=-0.14, 95% Boot confidence interval=-0.23~-0.06). Conclusion: Resilience and nursing managers' empowering leadership indirectly influence turnover intention through transition shock among new nurses. To reduce turnover intention among new nurses, programs for preventing or mitigating their transition shock should be provided. In addition, improving the resilience of new nurses and nursing managers' empowering leadership may contribute to reducing turnover intention among new nurses by mitigating their transition shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the effects of a remote videoconferencing-based expressive writing program on the posttraumatic stress, resilience, and posttraumatic growth among traumatized nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled group study with a pretest-posttest design was adopted. Data were collected between August 18 and November 6, 2020 from 48 nurses who experienced trauma working at a hospital in Jeonbuk Province (24 participants each in the experimental and the control groups). The experimental group participated in six sessions of the expressive writing program following the principles of Pennebaker's expressive writing. Sessions (duration 90 minutes) were conducted twice a week for three weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited a statistically significant difference in posttraumatic stress (F=135.41, p<.001), resilience (F=94.88, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth scores (F=109.28, p<.001) immediately following intervention, and these scores were maintained at the 3-week follow-up. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the expressive writing program can be effectively used for the prevention and management of posttraumatic stress in nurses at a risk of trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing the clinical competence of nursing students. Methods: The participants of this study were 209 nursing students who were in 3rd and 4th grade. The collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Clinical competence had positive relationships with self-leadership (r=.59, p<.001) and resilience (r=.64, p<.001). Clinical competence was influenced by resilience (β=.45), self-leadership (β=.20), and grade (β=.20), with an explanatory power of 44.9%. Conclusions: Based on these results, it is suggested that future nursing education should develop a curriculum that enhances students' personal abilities such as self-leadership and resilience, rather than only teaching knowledge and skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of job embeddedness and resilience on the relationship between job rotation stress and nursing work performance among clinical nurses. Methods: We conducted a nationwide online survey with 205 nurses employed at advanced general or general hospitals. Data were collected from August 17 to October 5, 2021. We analyzed the data using various descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe test, Welch test, Games-Howell test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple regression, and the PROCESS macro with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. These analyses were conducted using SPSS Windows Software version 23.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro version 3.5.2. Results: Nurses' job embeddedness mediated the relationship between job rotation stress and nursing work performance (B=-0.02, p<.05). Furthermore, their resilience moderated this mediated relationship, also known as moderated mediation, with job embeddedness as the mediating factor (B=-0.02, p<.05). Conclusion: These findings imply that, when devising a strategy to improve the nursing work performance of nurses undergoing job rotation, their resilience levels should be considered. Reducing job rotation stress while concurrently enhancing job embeddedness is essential for enhancing the nursing work performance of nurses with high levels of resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of self-leadership and resilience on the relationship between preceptors' clinical teaching behavior and field adaptation of new graduate nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 184 new graduate nurses working at two advanced general hospitals. The research model was designed based on PROCESS macro (model 6) proposed by Hayes and analyzed using SPSS 26.0 program. Results: The results showed a positive correlation between preceptors' clinical teaching behavior and self-leadership, resilience, and field adaptation. Preceptors' clinical teaching behavior (β=.18, p<.001) and resilience (β=.14, p=.030) had a direct effect on the field adaptation of new graduate nurses. Self-leadership and resilience had a serial double mediating effect. Preceptors' clinical teaching behavior had a significant effect on the field adaptation of new graduate nurses through self-leadership and resilience. Conclusion: To improve the field adaptation of new graduate nurses, the government should expand the current education support project to provide sufficient manpower. Moreover, medical institutions and nursing organizations should develop and apply programs to strengthen preceptor's clinical teaching behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect lung cancer survivors' awareness of well-dying. Methods:Data were collected from November 8, 2022 to December 23, 2022. Participants were 105 lung cancer survivors university hospital located in Chungcheongnam-do. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffétest, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Symptom experience, resilience, awareness of well-dying, general cancer-related variables were measured. Results: Multiple regression analysis, the factors influencing awareness of well-dying were identified as symptomexperience (intensity), presence or absence of a spouse, andgender. The explanatory power of well-dying awareness through the three variables was 30.9%. The factor that has the greatest influence on the awareness of well-dying was symptom experience (intensity) (β=-.44), followed by spouse (β=.29) and gender (β=-22) in order. Conclusion: Lung cancer survivors' symptom experienceis a key factor influencing awareness of well-dying. Therefore, in order to increase awareness of well-dying among lung cancer survivors, symptom management should be actively provided to male patients and those who have received radiation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to construct a structural equation model to explain and predict factors affecting the health-related quality of life (QoL) in female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients based on the health-related QoL model by Ferrans et al. (2005) and a literature review. Methods Patients (N=243) who were either registered members of an internet cafe composed of patients with RA or rheumatology outpatients at two tertiary general hospitals in Busan, Korea, were recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected from July 2 to September 9, 2021, and the survey was conducted using a web-based questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS 26.0. Results The goodness-of-fit statistics of the final model exhibited good results (χ2/degree of freedom=2.68, Turker-Lewis index=.94, comparative fit index=.96, standardized root mean-squared residual=.04, root mean- square error of approximation=.08), and 11 out of 14 paths of the model were supported. The squared multiple correlation, which reflected the explanatory power of the environmental characteristics, symptoms, functional status, and perceived health status on health-related QoL, was 80%. In the hypothesis model, 10 paths had significant direct effects, 6 paths had significant indirect effects, and 12 paths had significant total (direct and indirect) effects. Conclusion Considering that factors directly affecting the health-related QoL of female patients with RA were social support, symptoms (fatigue and depression), resilience, and perceived health status, and that resilience was the most influential factor, clinicians can encourage resilience. Hence, to improve the health-related QoL of female patients with RA, continuing management is necessary, using various intervention methods that focus on enhancing resilience from the early stage to the end of treatment for RA.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among COVID-19 obsession, occupational stress, resilience, and psychological well-being in general hospital nurses following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study analyzed the analysis of 143 structured questionnaires received from general hospital nurses in D city. Data were collected from August 22 to August 26, 2022. The SPSS/WIN 26.0 program was used for data analysis, which included the t-test, one-way ANOVA, the Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The following factors were found to affect the psychosocial well-being of nurses in general hospitals after the COVID-19 pandemic: resilience(β=-.56, p<.001), occupational stress(β =20, p=.008), and COVID-19 obsession(β=.14, p=.048). These factors explained 43% of variance in psychosocial well-being, and the model fit was also significant(F=26.43, p<.001). Conclusion: The results, obtained from a survey after the COVID-19 pandemic, suggest that it is necessary to develop and apply programs for the psychosocial well-being of nurses in general hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely throughout the world, causing psychological problems such as fear, anxiety, and stress. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women have been concerned about both their own health and the health of their fetuses, and these concerns could negatively affect maternal-fetal attachment. Thus, this study aimed to explore the level of COVID-19 stress, resilience, and maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment. Methods In total, 118 pregnant women past 20 weeks gestation were recruited from two maternity clinics in Daegu, Korea, to participate in this descriptive correlational study during COVID-19. The factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results The mean scores for COVID-19 stress, resilience, and maternal-fetal attachment were 57.18±10.32 out of 84, 67.32±15.09 out of 100, and 77.23±9.00 out of 96, respectively. Nulliparous pregnant women reported greater maternal-fetal attachment than multiparous pregnant women (p=.003). Religious pregnant women also reported greater maternal-fetal attachment than non-religious pregnant women (p=.039). Resilience (β=.29, p=.002), COVID-19 stress (β=.20, p=.030) and parity (β=–.17, p=.047) were factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment, and these factors explained 26.4% of the variance in maternal-fetal attachment (F=10.12, p

Purpose: To identify factors influencing health-related quality of life for young single-person households, this study investigated physical and mental health status, health behavior, depression, resilience, and health-related quality of life. Methods: An online survey was administered to members of young single-person households from March 22 to 30, 2022. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression, and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro model 4 with 95% bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results: The participants were 229 members of young single-person households. Health-related quality of life showed significant relationships with residence (t = 2.80, p = .006), monthly income (F = 3.70, p = .026), mental health status (F = 20.33, p < . 001), and high-intensity exercise (F = 7.35, p = .001) among general and health-related characteristics. Health-related quality of life had significant correlations with depression (r = -.72, p < .001) and resilience (r = .58, p < .001). Multiple regression analysis showed that depression (β = -.57, p < .001) and resilience (β = .21, p < .001) influenced health-related quality of life. Moreover, resilience had a mediating effect between depression and health-related quality of life (indirect effect = -0.002, 95% bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence interval = -0.003 to -0.001). Conclusion: Members of young single-person households tended to be more vulnerable to emergency situations, such as during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, when lockdowns and quarantines were frequent. To improve health-related quality of life in young single-person households, people with high levels of depression or low levels of resilience need special attention and support to promote mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to construct a structural equation model to explain and predict factors affecting the health-related quality of life (QoL) in female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients based on the health-related QoL model by Ferrans et al. (2005) and a literature review. Methods: Patients (N=243) who were either registered members of an internet cafe composed of patients with RA or rheumatology outpatients at two tertiary general hospitals in Busan, Korea, were recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected from July 2 to September 9, 2021, and the survey was conducted using a web-based questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS 26.0. Results: The goodness-of-fit statistics of the final model exhibited good results (χ²/degree of freedom=2.68, Turker-Lewis index=.94, comparative fit index=.96, standardized root mean-squared residual=.04, root mean-square error of approximation=.08), and 11 out of 14 paths of the model were supported. The squared multiple correlation, which reflected the explanatory power of the environmental characteristics, symptoms, functional status, and perceived health status on health-related QoL, was 80%. In the hypothesis model, 10 paths had significant direct effects, 6 paths had significant indirect effects, and 12 paths had significant total (direct and indirect) effects. Conclusion: Considering that factors directly affecting the health-related QoL of female patients with RA were social support, symptoms (fatigue and depression), resilience, and perceived health status, and that resilience was the most influential factor, clinicians can encourage resilience. Hence, to improve the health-related QoL of female patients with RA, continuing management is necessary, using various intervention methods that focus on enhancing resilience from the early stage to the end of treatment for RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: A descriptive survey-based study was undertaken to determine how emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between social support and resilience by clinical nurses, thereby providing primary data for improving resilience. Methods: This study involved a descriptive survey of 202 nurses working in four general hospitals. Using SPSS/WIN 26.0, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Results: Social support had a statistically significant positive correlation with emotional intelligence (β=.49, p<.001) and resilience (β=.47, p<.001). Emotional intelligence showed a statistically significant positive correlation with resilience (β=.66, p<.001). Emotional intelligence was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between social support and resilience (z=5.76, p<.001). Conclusion: The study also discovered that social support and emotional intelligence are factors influencing clinical nurses' resilience. Furthermore, it evident that emotional intelligence has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and resilience. Therefore, it is necessary to consider nurses' emotional intelligence at the individual level to effectively improve resilience through social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this study was to construct a hypothetical model based on Meleis and colleagues' Transition Theory and a literature review to explain women’s menopausal transition, constructing a modified model considering previous studies and model fit and testing the effects between variables. Methods With a correlational survey design, middle-aged Korean women aged 40 to 64 years who had experienced menopausal symptoms were recruited and filled out a self-administered study questionnaire. Measures included menopausal symptoms, resilience, social support, menopause management, menopause adaptation, and quality of life. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results The model fit indices were considered acceptable: χ2/degree of freedom=2.93, standardized root mean residual=.07, comparative fit index=.90, and parsimonious normed fit index=.73. All eight direct-effect paths—from menopausal symptoms to support and adaptation, from support to adaptation and resilience, from resilience to adaptation and management, from management to quality of life, and from adaptation to quality of life—were significant. The explanatory power of the menopause transition model was 63.6%. Conclusion Women who experience menopausal symptoms may be able to maintain and improve their quality of life if menopause management and menopause adaptation are successful through resilience and social support. Future research is needed to confirm whether strengthening facilitation as a nursing intervention strategy may promote healthy response patterns.

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive survey study was to investigate the relationship between death awareness, life-sustaining nursing stress, end-of-life care competency and performance, and resilience. Additionally, the factors influencing end-of-life care performance by ICU nurses were identified. Methods: Data were collected from one tertiary and two general hospitals in J province from July 1 to July 30, 2022. Nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) for more than three months who had experience in end-of-life care were selected through convenience sampling. A total of 188 responses to the survey were included in the final analysis. An IBM SPSS program was used for the data analysis. Results: Factors impacting end-of-life care performance (with an explanatory power of 31.9%) were as follows: higher knowledge and behavioral competency in end-of-life care, higher relational patterns in resilience, higher levels of death positivity in death awareness, and clinical experience of less than a year compared to that of three to five years were associated with higher end-of-life care performance. Conclusion: These findings point to the urgent need for increasing end-of-life care performance among nurses in clinical practice; therefore, practical strategies must be developed and actively implemented to strengthen relevant competencies and resilience and promote death positivity. Based on these findings, future studies are needed to develop an intervention program to improve the spiritual scope of end-of-life care and verify the effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to confirm the influence of type D personality and health literacy on resilience of patients hospitalized for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), and provide basic information for improving resilience as a post-discharge strategy to promote self-care among patients with chronic diseases. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were 142 patients who were being treated at a tertiary general hospital for CVDs such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Data were collected from July to October 2022 using a structured questionnaire, and then analyzed using the SPSS program version 26.0. Results: 75.3% of the study subjects (n=107) had type D personalities, and the average health literacy and resilience scores were 48.96±9.13 points and 68.27±13.02 points, respectively, indicating relatively low grades. Following a hierarchical regression analysis, low monthly income (β=-.62, p<.001), current smokers (β=-.23, p=.010), patients with type D personality (β=-.24, p=.001), and patients with low health literacy (β=.27, p<.001) were identified as significant predictors of resilience (Adjusted R²=.57, F=14.32, p<.001). Conclusion: In order to increase the resilience of patients hospitalized for CVD, it is necessary to identify and take into account smokers with low socioeconomic status, poor health literacy, and type D personality. We advise doing a follow-up study to ascertain if the resilience of patients hospitalized for CVD influences post-discharge self-care and clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether empathy and resilience moderate the relationship between geriatric care-related stress and geriatric nursing practice among secondary hospital nurses. Methods: Data were collected from three secondary hospitals in J province from July 20, 2022, to August 10, 2022. Nurses with at least three months of employment were convenience sampled, and a structured questionnaire was used. A total of 218 questionnaires were included in the analysis. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 software. Results: Geriatric nursing practice was significantly positively correlated with geriatric carerelated stress, empathy, and resilience. Empathy moderated the effects of geriatric care-related stress on geriatric nursing practice, and this moderating effect was re-moderated by resilience (moderated moderation effect). In other words, nurses with high resilience and empathy tended to show stronger geriatric nursing practice even with elevated geriatric care-related stress. Conversely, nurses with high resilience and low empathy tended to show weaker geriatric nursing practice with increasing geriatric care-related stress. Conclusion: These results highlight the need for multilateral efforts to reduce nurses’ stress related to geriatric care and enhance their empathy and resilience, ultimately promoting geriatric nursing practice. This study has important implications for nursing practice. Specifically, it is the first to confirm a moderated moderation effect of empathy and resilience on the relationship between geriatric care-related stress and geriatric nursing practice among nurses. Subsequent studies should identify whether other factors moderate the relationship between geriatric care-related stress and geriatric nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the professional quality of life of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses working in university hospitals. Methods : A survey was conducted on 171 ICU nurses in university hospitals in B City, South Korea. This study used the Professional Quality of Life instrument, which consists of three subscales, namely, compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results : Compassion satisfaction was influenced by resilience, ICU job satisfaction, and innovation-oriented culture, and these variables explained 37.1% of the variance in compassion satisfaction. Burnout was influenced by resilience, a hierarchy-oriented culture, and ICU job satisfaction, and these variables explained 42.9% of the variance in burnout. Secondary traumatic stress was influenced by a task-oriented culture and resilience, and these variables explained 12.5% of the variance in secondary traumatic stress. Conclusion : These findings suggest the importance of improving resilience and job satisfaction to enhance the professional quality of life in ICU nurses. Moreover, creating an innovation-oriented culture rather than a hierarchical and task-oriented culture can effectively improve the professional quality of life of ICU nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a hypothetical model based on Meleis and colleagues' Transition Theory and a literature review to explain women's menopausal transition, constructing a modified model considering previous studies and model fit and testing the effects between variables. Methods: With a correlational survey design, middle-aged Korean women aged 40 to 64 years who had experienced menopausal symptoms were recruited and filled out a self-administered study questionnaire. Measures included menopausal symptoms, resilience, social support, menopause management, menopause adaptation, and quality of life. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: The model fit indices were considered acceptable: χ²/degree of freedom=2.93, standardized root mean residual=.07, comparative fit index=.90, and parsimonious normed fit index=.73. All eight direct-effect paths--from menopausal symptoms to support and adaptation, from support to adaptation and resilience, from resilience to adaptation and management, from management to quality of life, and from adaptation to quality of life--were significant. The explanatory power of the menopause transition model was 63.6%. Conclusion: Women who experience menopausal symptoms may be able to maintain and improve their quality of life if menopause management and menopause adaptation are successful through resilience and social support. Future research is needed to confirm whether strengthening facilitation as a nursing intervention strategy may promote healthy response patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of nursing practice readiness and, resilience on the nursing performance of new nurses. Methods: Participants were 234 new nurses with 6-24 months of working experience at the wards in university and general hospitals in the B area and C areas. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/Win 24.0, and frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses were performed, and the variable selection method was set as stepwise. Results: Nursing performance significantly differed by weekly job-related education (Z=10.01, p=.007) and salary satisfaction (Z=13.04, p=.001). The nursing performance of new nurses was positively correlated with nursing practice (r=.70, p<.001) and resilience (r=.51, p<.001). The significant predictors of nursing performance were nursing practice readiness (β=.61, p<.001), resilience (β=.16, p=.003), and job training hours (β=.11, p=.02). The explanatory power of these factors was 52.0% of the variance. Conclusion: To enhance the nursing performance of new nurses, it is necessary to improve nursing practice readiness, provide job training, and strengthen resilience. In addition, it is necessary to support programs at the institutional level for nursing performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This structural model study was constructed and verified a hypothetical model to examine the effects of parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping on resilience among mothers of children with developmental disabilities. Methods: Data were collected using self-report structured questionnaires, from October 19 to October 30, 2018, with 214 mothers caring for children with developmental disabilities under the age of 20 years. Results: In the fitness test results of the hypothesis model, with the fit index χ² (p) = 69.27 (< .001), and the normed fit indices (χ² = 1.87, GFI = .94, CFI = .97, NFI = .93, and TLI = .95, RMSEA = .06, SRMR = .06), this study satisfies the good fitness in standards. There are seven statistically significant paths among the 10 paths set in the hypothetical model. The explanatory power of parenting stress and social resources, which affects the family resources was 41.4%, the explanatory power of parenting stress, social resources, and family resources affecting the positive coping was 58.9%, and the explanatory power of parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping affecting resilience was 55.5%. Conclusion: Positive coping, family resources, and social resources of mothers of children with developmental disabilities directly affect their resilience, and parenting stress indirectly affects it. Therefore, to improve the resilience of mothers of children with developmental disabilities, it is necessary to develop a systematic nursing intervention that considers parenting stress, social resources, family resources, and positive coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influences of aging anxiety, coping, ego-resilience, meaning of life, and generativity on life satisfaction among middle-aged women. Methods: Data were collected from 176 middle-aged women aged 40~64 living in four urban areas in South Korea through an online survey. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows. Results: Life satisfaction showed significant positive correlations with social support seeking as a coping strategy (r=.27, p<.001), ego-resilience (r=.33, p<.001), meaning of life (r=.46, p<.001), and generativity (r=57, p<.001), and negative correlations with aging anxiety (r=-.43, p<.001) and avoidance-centered coping (r=-.25, p<.001). The factors affecting participants' life satisfaction were perceived economic status (≥medium) (β=.33, p<.001), generativity (β=.28, p<.001), aging anxiety (β=-.27, p<.001), meaning of life (β=.18, p=.009), and social support seeking (β=.12, p=.023). The explanatory power of these five variables was approximately 53%. Conclusion: To increase life satisfaction among middle-aged women, it is necessary to establish generativity, reduce aging anxiety, and foster a positive meaning of life by choosing a desirable coping method. Providing information on utilizing economic resources is also required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship among post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resilience, and retention intention in nurses who had experienced a traumatic event during hospital work. Methods: A structured questionnaire, was administered online from September 10 to September 22, 2021 to 198 nurses who had experienced a traumatic event during work at a university hospital in G metropolitan city. Data were analyzed using three-step mediated regression analysis. Results: Of the total participants, 70.7% had a high risk of PTSD. PTSD (β=-.20, p=.002) and resilience (β=.47, p<.001) had a direct effect on retention intention, and the explanatory power was 27.0%. However, the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between PTSD and retention intention was not supported, which indicates that the relationship between post-traumatic stress and resilience was not significant (β=-.09, p=.232). Conclusion: Although there was no mediating effect of resilience, PTSD and resilience are considered to be important in order to improve nurses' retention intention. It is needed to develop strategies to prevent the occurrence of traumatic events and to formulate policies and conduct programs for stress symptom management, aimed at increasing nurses' resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the job embeddedness of clinical nurses. Methods: Participants were 204 nurses working in four general hospitals. Data were collected from September 3 to October 8, 2020 and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean scores for positive psychological capital, organizational justice, and job embeddedness were 3.31±0.38, 3.16±0.46, and 3.17±0.38, respectively. The job embeddedness of the participants had a positive correlation with optimism (r=.57, p<.001), hope (r=.56, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.44, p<.001), and resilience (r=.38, p<.001) in the sub-factors of positive psychological capital. It also had a positive correlation with procedural (r=.58, p<.001), distributive (r=.52, p<.001), and interactional (r=.35, p<.001) justice in the sub-factors of organizational justice. The factors affecting nurses' job embeddness were procedural justice, optimism, position, distributive justice, and hope. In addition, the explanatory power of the model was 60% (F=39.11, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that to improve the job embeddedness, positive psychology-based coaching and counseling programs suitable for individual clinical nurses, organizational management through transparent procedures and objective and systematic distribution are needed. In addition, a position system suitable for the characteristics of a nursing organization is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) related stress, resilience, and organizational commitment, and determined the factors influencing nurses' organizational commitment at an infectious disease hospital of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 138 nurses. Data analysis, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 26.0 program. Results: Factors influencing organizational commitment included resilience (β=0.31, p<.001), position (β=0.31, p<.001), COVID-19 related stress (β=-0.26, p<.001), and COVID-19 nursing period (β=-0.19, p=.012). These variables explained 29.6% of the organizational commitment. Conclusion: In order to enhance the organizational commitment of nurses in infectious disease hospitals of COVID-19, active program development and intervention are required at the organizational level to improve nurses' resilience and relieve stress related to nursing infectious disease patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study was to identify factors associated with post-traumatic growth (PTG) in patients with breast cancer based on Tedeschi and Calhoun's model of PTG. Methods: The participants were 150 patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer at C University Hospital and were undergoing treatment or attending regular follow-up visits after the completion of all treatments. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaires from January 20, 2021, to February 24, 2021. The data were ana- lyzed through linear multiple regression. Results: Factors associated with PTG were resilience (β=.51, p<.001), social support (β=.25, p<.001), and deliberate rumination (β=.14, p=.030), and these variables explained 45.0% of PTG. Conclusion: Resilience was in- cluded in this study instead of self-exposure in Tedeschi and Calhoun's PTG model. Oncology nurses should actively intervene to increase personal resilience, to strengthen social support systems, and to encourage patients to perceive breast cancer occurrence as a meaningful event since breast cancer patients can experience PTG throughout the entire period of treatment and post-treatment. A revised model should be validated in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify latent classes of ego-resiliency trajectories in adolescents and investigate predictors of latent classes based on the ecological systems theory. Methods: This study used data from the first, second, and fourth to seventh waves of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2010. The subjects included 1,793 adolescents. The data were analyzed using latent class growth analysis in Mplus 8.3 and multinomial logistic regression in SPSS 26.0. Results: The trajectories of ego-resiliency in adolescents were classified into four groups; increasing, decreasing, persistently moderate, and persistently poor. The predictors of the 'increasing' group were male gender, higher self-esteem, lower depression, lower parental behavior, and higher perceived community. The predictors of the 'decreasing' group were higher self-esteem, higher scores for relationships with friends and teachers, and higher perceived community. The predictors of the 'persistently poor' group were lower self-esteem, higher depression, lower annual income, lower scores for relationships with friends, and lower perceived community. Conclusion: We identified predictors for a persistently poor ego-resiliency trajectory. We suggest providing effective interventions for latent classes of ego-resiliency in adolescents based on the ecological environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of emotional labor, positive psychological capital, and rewards on the retention intention among coronavirus diseases 19 (COVID-19) ward nurses in regional public hospitals. Methods: The subjects were nurses who directly participated in nursing while wearing protective gear (level D or higher) in a COVID-19 ward. Data were collected from March 15 to March 29, 2021, and a total of 187 questionnaires were analyzed. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS for Windows version 27.0. Results: The mean scores of emotional labor, positive psychological capital, and retention intention were 3.48, 3.74, 3.22, and 5.75. The factors influencing retention intension were positive psychological capital (β=.28, p< .001), and the explanatory power for retention intention was 20.0%. Conclusion: These results indicate that in order to increase retention intention, it is necessary to foster nurses with high positive psychological capital who can make good use of positive emotions, and additional research is needed to clarify the factors influencing nurses's retention intention to remain in the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the job embeddedness of clinical nurses. Methods: Participants were 204 nurses working in four general hospitals. Data were collected from September 3 to October 8, 2020 and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean scores for positive psychological capital, organizational justice, and job embeddedness were 3.31±0.38, 3.16±0.46, and 3.17±0.38, respectively. The job embeddedness of the participants had a positive correlation with optimism (r=.57, p<.001), hope (r=.56, p<.001), self-efficacy (r=.44, p<.001), and resilience (r=.38, p<.001) in the sub-factors of positive psychological capital. It also had a positive correlation with procedural (r=.58, p<.001), distributive (r=.52, p<.001), and interactional (r=.35, p<.001) justice in the sub-factors of organizational justice. The factors affecting nurses' job embeddness were procedural justice, optimism, position, distributive justice, and hope. In addition, the explanatory power of the model was 60% (F=39.11, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that to improve the job embeddedness, positive psychology-based coaching and counseling programs suitable for individual clinical nurses, organizational management through transparent procedures and objective and systematic distribution are needed. In addition, a position system suitable for the characteristics of a nursing organization is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test a hypothetical model which explains the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors using the family resilience model suggested by McCubbin and McCubbin. Methods: The study participants were 242 breast cancer survivors who had finished active treatments within the past five years. Data were collected from September to October 2017 from an offline breast cancer self-help group survey and an online breast cancer support group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and AMOS version 23.0. Results: The model fit indices for the modified hypothetical model were suitable for the recommended level: x² =223.80 (df=88, p<.001), x²/df=2.54, RMR=.04, GFI=.90, IFI=.93, CFI=.93, and RMSEA=.08. Symptoms and posttrauma- tic growth directly affected psychosocial adjustment. Symptoms were found to be the most influential factors in the psychosocial adjustment. All three family resilience factors-family hardiness, problem-solving communication, and problem-solving coping-directly affected posttraumatic growth and indirectly affected psychosocial adjustment through posttraumatic growth. These variables explained 81.2% of breast cancer survivors' psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion: Health care professionals need to continue to provide interventions for symptom relief and support to improve the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors. Additionally, practical nursing interventions should be prepared for individuals and families of breast cancer survivors to promote recovery and reinforce family resilience. This will ultimately improve the quality of life for breast cancer survivors and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate distress, family resilience, and Quality of Life (QoL) among family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and explore whether family resilience moderates the association between distress and QoL. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. One hundred seventeen family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were recruited through the oncology outpatient clinic and two oncology wards at a tertiary university hospital. The participants completed self-reported questionnaires, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Family Resilience Scale-Cancer, and Caregivers' Quality of Life Index-Cancer. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and hierarchical regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean distress score was 15.31±6.91, the mean family resilience score was 112.71±14.11, and the mean QoL score was 71.19±18.90. After controlling for potential covariates, distress was found to be negatively associated with QoL (β=-.45, p<.001), whereas family resilience was positively associated with QoL (β=.49, p<.001), explaining 62.8% of the variance. However, family resilience did not moderate the association between distress and QoL in this study. Conclusion: Distress and family resilience are crucial factors associated with QoL in the caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This finding indicates that oncology nurses should develop interventions to relieve distress and enhance family resilience to improve family caregivers' QoL. Further studies are required to confirm the moderating role of family resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated whether parenting stress, work-family conflict, resilience affect retention intent in Korean nurses returning to work after parental leave. Methods: The participants in this study were 111 nurses recruited from 10 hospitals in Korea, who were working after formal parental leave from their hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. Results: Retention intention (33.80±7.78), parenting stress (101.70±17.57), and resilience (85.02±12.75) were at greater than moderate levels and a midpoint level of work-family conflict (29.63±7.00) was noted in this sample of mostly women nurses in their 30s. The factors affecting retention intent were parental leave duration, the number of times that participants had taken parental leave, health condition, work-family conflict, and resilience. The total explanatory power of these variables was 36.7%. Retention intent had a negative correlation with parenting stress and work-family conflict. Conversely, retention intent was positively correlated with resilience. Conclusion: This study supports the need for flexible adjustment of returning nurses' working hours and family-friendly policies to promote balance between work and family It is also necessary to develop and apply measures that boost resilience and support health improvement for nurses returning to workAs nurses are often assigned to new areas of work upon return, training programs to aid their adjustment may also be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and test a structural model for burnout and work engagement of nurses in long-term care hospitals. The hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of the expanded Job Demand -Job Resources Model by Xanthopoulou, Baker, Demerouti, and Schaufeli and previous studies related to nurses’ burnout and work engagement. Methods: The study participants included 232 nurses working in seven long-term care hospitals with over 100 bed located in Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do. Data were collected from February 6 to February 16, 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and structural equation modeling by SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Results: The final model showed a good fit to the empirical data: The factors that influenced burnout of nurses in long-term care hospitals were resilience (β=-.37), emotional demands (β=.29), work overload (β=.24), organization-based self-esteem (β=-.19), and social support (β=-.18) explaining 60.5% of the variance. The factors that influenced work engagement for nurses in long-term care hospitals were resilience (β=.44), burnout (β=-.32), and career-growth opportunity (β=.18) explaining 66.4% of the variance. Conclusion: The model constructed in this study is recommended as a model to explain and predict the burnout and work engagement of nurses in long-term care hospitals. The results suggest that strategies for decreasing the burnout of nurses in long-term care hospitals should focus on resilience, emotional demands, work overload, organization-based self-esteem, and social support. In addition, strategies for increasing nurses’ work engagement should focus on resilience, burnout, career-growth opportunity, and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of self-efficacy, resilience, and nursing work environment on intent to stay among newly graduated nurses. Methods: The participants were 204 newly graduated nurses working in one of three general hospitals in U city, South Korea. Data were collected from August 1 to 31 2018. A self-report questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Results: Factors significantly affecting intent to stay included nurse manager ability, leadership, support of nurses (β=.18, p=.016), nursing foundations for quality of care (β=.18, p=.032), and unwanted department assignment (β=-.194, p=.001), and these variables explained 38.4% of intent to stay (F=12.49, p<.001). Conclusion: To increase the retention of newly graduated nurses, hospital and nurse leaders should improve the work environment for nurses, particularly in relation to nurse manager ability, leadership, and support of nurses, and nursing foundations for quality of care. Additionally, nurse leaders can facilitate intent to stay by placing nurses in the department of their choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To identify factors associated with Quality of Life (QOL) in disaster female victims. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design used secondary data from the 2018 long-term survey on the change of life of disaster victims conducted by the National Disaster Management Research Institute (NDMI). The participants were 1,267 female victims over the age of 20 who completed a survey including QOL, resilience, perceived health status, depression, anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress (PTS), social adaptation, and social support. Descriptive statistics, chi-square-test, independent t-test, and a decision tree were used for data analysis. Results: The decision tree identified 8 final nodes predicting QOL of disaster female victims. Resilience was associated with quality of life (Δp<.001, F=115.14). The mean QOL was 2.81 with predicted rate of 55.7% in the Low Resilience Group (LRG) and 3.24 with predicted rate of 44.3% in the High Resilience Group (HRG). The highest QOL group in LRG was Node 9 with perceived health status of more than 3 and low depression (mean=3.17), while the lowest QOL group was Node 3 with perceived health status of less than 2 (mean=2.54). The highest QOL group in HRG was Node 8 with social support of more than 3.92 (mean=3.57), while the lowest group was Node 12 with high anxiety (mean=2.81). Conclusion: Factors predicting the QOL of disaster victims differed between HRG and LRG. In order to improve QOL of disaster victims, customized interventions according to the level of resilience are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an aging management program on the resilience and successful aging of middle-aged women. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control and pre-post test design was used. The participants were 39 middle-aged women living in urban areas in Korea. The experimental group (n=22) received the aging management program for a total of 10 weeks, 90 minutes to 120 minutes per week. The aging management program consisted of strategies to enhance the behavior, promotion conditions, and habits of the program, including various activities for middle-aged women. The data were analyzed using χ² tests, independent t-tests, and repeated measures analysis of variance with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: The resilience score of the experimental group was significantly higher level than the score of the control group in the time-to-group interactions (F=3.70, p=0.029). The successful aging score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the score of the control group in the time-to-group interactions (F=5.86, p=0.004). However, the sub-hypotheses of resilience (self-regulation and interpersonal relationships) and successful aging (physical aging adaptation and psychological age adaptation) were partially accepted. CONCLUSIONS: The aging management program for middle-aged women was identified as an effective intervention for promoting resilience and successful aging in middle-aged women. Therefore, this suggests that the aging care program could be a useful intervention program to improve the mental health of middle-aged women living in communities.

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the moderating and mediating effects of resilience on the relationship between role conflict and job satisfaction among nurses working in a comprehensive nursing care service ward. Methods : Participants were 130 comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses from four hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 25.0. The mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between role conflict and job satisfaction was analyzed using multiple regression analysis according to Baron and Kenny's procedure. Results : Statistically significant negative correlations were found between role conflict and resilience (r=-.25, p<.007) and between role conflict and job satisfaction (r=-.38, p<.001). A significant positive correlation was found between resilience and job satisfaction (r=.54, p<.001). A partial mediating effect of resilience was found between role conflict and job satisfaction (Z=-2.53, p=.012) but no moderating effect was found. Conclusion : To improve the job satisfaction of comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses, interventions for alleviating role conflict and improving resilience as well as evaluations of the two variables are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a resilience enhancement program applying mindfulness meditation (REP-MM) and evaluate the effects of the program on post-traumatic stress (PTS), resilience, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with ileostomy. Methods: The REP-MM was developed by combining the resilience enhancement program with mindfulness meditation according to four patterns. The program was developed through identifying patients' needs, reviewing relevant literature, developing a preliminary program, and testing content validity and user evaluation. The participants were 55 patients with ileostomy. We conveniently assigned 27 patients to the experimental group and 28 to the control group. The study was conducted in conducted in a hospital from January 22 to May 30, 2019. The REP- MM was provided to the experimental group, and conventional ileostomy care was provided to the control group using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. Results: ANCOVA revealed that the levels of PTS (F = 321.64, p < .001), resilience (F = 111.86, p < .001), and HRQoL (F = 31.08, p < .001) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group when comparing pretest to posttest changes. Conclusion: The REP-MM is effective in PTS, resilience, and HRQoL in patients suffering from post-stoma creation crisis. The REP-MM can induce positive self-recognition changes in patients with ileostomy through dispositional, situational, relational, and philosophical interventions. We suggest nurses reduce PTS and improve resilience and HRQoL in patients with ileostomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nursing students' self-leadership, humanity, and resilience on college life adaptation. The subjects of this study were 190 freshmen from the Department of Nursing in C city. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tset, ANOVA, pearson correlation, and multiple regression. As a result, the factors that have a significant influence on the college life adaptation were self-leadership, personality, resilience, school life satisfaction, and the number of friends. Humanity was the most influential factor(β=.659, p<.001) in college life adaptation, followed by self-leadership(β=.274, p=.001), and number of friends(β=.258, p=.003). The explanatory power of the model was 51.2%(F=40.72, p<.001). In addition, there was a high positive correlation between self-leadership, humanity, resilience and college life adaptation. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a program that can help college life adaptation by improving the personality and self-leadership of freshmen in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is a study to examine and verify the importance of human resources among the various factors that modern companies need to consider in order to cope with the changing environment. As independent variables, acquiescent and defensive silence were composed of the motives felt by members, and creativity and innovation behavior were set as the outcome variables. Through this research, first, the importance of communication between the members of the organization and the manager is investigated, and it is intended to be managed efficiently. Secondly, we would like to confirm the modulating effect of resilience in the relationship between them, and to find out the importance of psychological recovery of members. In the end, this aims to talk about the importance of psychological management and recovery of members in managing human resources. As a result, acquiescent silence negatively affects creativity and innovation behavior, and defensive silence positively affects creativity and innovation behavior. In addition, in the case of the moderating effect of resilience, there was no significant relationship in both defensive silence, creativity, and innovation behavior, and in the case of acquiescent silence, only innovation behavior was found to be significant. This is the result of the combination of the unique characteristics of resilience and the difference in the disposition of the members who choose resignation silence and defensive silence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between workplace bullying, empathic ability, resilience, and job satisfaction to provide basic data for the development of programs and education aimed at improving nurses' job satisfaction. Methods: Data were collected through a structured questionnaire disseminated to nurses working in general hospitals. A total of 226 questionnaires were used for the analysis. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: Nurses' job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with empathic ability and resilience and a significant negative correlation with workplace bullying. Additionally, resilience, workplace bullying, empathic ability, religion, and the hope of moving to another department were significant factors affecting job satisfaction. The explanatory power of these variables for job satisfaction was 41.0%. Conclusion : To improve job satisfaction, a strategy to lower workplace bullying and increase empathic ability and resilience is necessary. The results of this study suggest the need for further research to develop educational programs for nurses to strengthen their empathic ability and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between resilience, social support, and body image in patients in an acute stage following traffic accidents and to investigate factors affecting body image. Methods: Data were collected from 86 patients at local hospitals from January 2019 to February 2020. To measure the variables, the body image scale, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Mean age of participants was 43.40±14.75 and the proportion of men was 73.3%. The average score for resilience, social support, and body image were 65.16±16.89, 72.93±8.11, and 12.24±6.63, respectively. The highest item on the body image scale was "Are you dissatisfied with the appearance of your scar?". There were differences in scores for body image according to gender, age, and living status. Resilience (r=-.68, p<.001) and social support (r=-.65, p<.001) were negatively correlated with body image. In the regression model, resilience (β=-.41), social support (β=-.30), and gender (β=.22) accounted for 57.6% of the variance in body image. Conclusion: Resilience and social support were identified in this study as significant factors protecting body image of patients during the acute stage following a traffic accident. It is recommended that psychosocial nursing interventions be conducted throughout the course of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted so as to determine a hypothetical model concerning factors affecting breast cancer patients' resilience. Methods: Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 212 patients with breast cancer between July 25 and August 24, 2020. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The model supported 7 of the 11 presented hypotheses for all participants. Test results indicated that "hope", "uncertainty", and "symptom experience" all directly affected participants' resilience, and that "uncertainty" also affected participants', "depression" and "hope". "Spiritual well-being" affected participants' sense of "hope" and "symptom experience". Of these variables, "hope" had the strongest direct influence on resilience across all participants. "Uncertainty" was found to directly and indirectly affect participants, whereas "spiritual well-being" indirectly affected the resilience of all participants. "Uncertainty" and "spiritual well-being" indirectly affected the resilience of all participants. Conclusion: These results suggest that management strategies to enhance breast cancer patients' resilience should address patients' uncertainty, spiritual well-being, hope, and symptom experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine associations among inner strength, mood status, symptom experience, and quality of life in women with lung cancer and to investigate whether inner strength has a moderating effect on these relationships. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to analyze 106 women with lung cancer in the National Cancer Center. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted on the influence of quality of life. For the moderating effects, the Johnson--Neyman methods were applied using the SPSS PROCESS macro. Results: The significant factors of quality of life were inner strength, symptom experiences, total mood disturbance, accounting for 70.7% of the variance. Inner strength had a moderating effect on the relationship between total mood disturbance and quality of life. This means that when women have higher inner strength, there is a significantly less negative effect of total mood disturbance on quality of life. Conclusion: Female patients with lung cancer who experienced inner strength can improve the quality of life as well as reduce the negative impact of mood status on the quality of life. Therefore, these findings support the theory of inner strength and provide nurses with an opportunity to foster the development of this theory in female cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was done to determine the correlations among grit, social support, career barriers, and career preparation behavior in mature age nursing students, and identify factors influencing their career preparation behavior. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study included 106 undergraduate nursing students aged 25 years or older at the time of entering three universities in Korea. Grit, social support, career barriers, and career preparation behavior were investigated using structured questionnaires. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis and were performed with the SAS program (version 9.4). Results: The factors influencing career preparation behavior of mature age nursing students included: persistence of efforts (β=.35, p<.001) and consistency of interests (β=-.21, p=.011) under the sub-domains of grit; informational support (β=.29, p<.001) under the sub-domains of social support; lack of job information (β=-.36, p<.001) and anxiety about the future(β=.28, p=.008) under the sub-domains of career barriers. These variables accounted for approximately 42% of the variance in career preparation behavior. Conclusion: The findings imply that in order to improve the career preparation behavior and lower the career barriers of mature age nursing students, their individual cognitive and psychological characteristics should be considered while providing diverse job information as part of career guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the knowledge structure of the concept of resilience of dementia caregivers and to understand core topics and the trends in dementia caregiver resilience research over time. Methods: This study is a quantitative content analysis using text network analysis on the studies on resilience of caregivers of people with dementia. We searched the available literature in two scientific databases, PubMed and the Web of Science. Term frequency, the number of co-occurrence, and centrality were analyzed, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis was conducted with Net Miner program. Results: A total 187 articles were identified. The core keywords found were "care", "family", "support", "burden", "intervention", "health", "stress", "relationship", "symptom", "depression", "partner", and "quality of life". Four main topics were identified through the LDA analysis, such as "support from family and social resources", "hardships to overcome", "building strength to overcome adversity", and "coping with negative emotions". There was only one study before 2000, but the number of studies steadily increased to 50 for the years 2011~2015, and 111 for the years 2016~2020. Conclusion: This is the first study to analyze the knowledge structure and research trend of resilience research of caregivers of people with dementia through social network analysis and topic modeling. This study provides a scientific basis of the future studies in Korea. Moreover, it is meaningful in that it brought a comprehensive understanding of the studies by comprehensively analyzing the studies of the resilience of caregivers of people with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate family support and medical staff support and their mediating effects in the relationship between self-efficacy and resilience in patients with colorectal cancer with stoma. Methods: The participants were 170 patients with colorectal cancer who were hospitalized or receiving treatment for colorectal anus surgery in general hospitals located in B, D, and I cities. Data were collected from July 1 to October 25, 2019 through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression analysis, and the bootstrapping method with SPSS/WIN 25.0 and the PROCESS macro program. Results: The mean score for resilience was 2.70±0.62 (range 0~4). Resilience was significantly associated with self-efficacy (r=.59, p<.001), family support (r=.38, p<.001), and medical staff support (r=.37, p<.001). Using Baron and Kenny's approach and PROCESS macro model 4, resilience was found to be affected by self-efficacy (β=.53, p<.001). Further, family support (β=.25, p<.001) and medical staff support (β=.39, p<.001) were affected by self-efficacy. The partial mediating effects of family support (β=.25, p<.001, 95% confidence interval 0.01~0.12) and medical staff support (β=.15, p=.022, 95% confidence interval 0.01~0.16) in the impact of self-efficacy on resilience were confirmed. Conclusion: The impact of self-efficacy on resilience was mediated by family support and medical staff support in patients with colorectal cancer with stoma. The results suggest that family and medical staff support need to be considered in developing nursing interventions to improve self-efficacy and resilience in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of taro extract on brain resilience in in vitro Parkinson’s disease model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Methods: To induce a neuroinflammatory reaction and the in vitro Parkinson’s disease model, SH-SY5Y cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 6-OHDA, respectively. After that, cells were treated with at various concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mg/mL) of taro extract. Then nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, synaptophysin (SYP) and growth associated protein (GAP)-43 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression level were measured. Results: Taro extract significantly suppressed LPS-induced NO production. Meanwhile, iNOS and IL-6 mRNA expression decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, taro increased the mRNA expression of SYP and GAP-43 mRNA. Conclusion: These findings indicate that taro played an important role in brain resilience by inhibiting neuronal cell death and promoting neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and neural plasticity. The results of this study suggest that taro may contribute to the prevention of neurodegenerative disease and become a new and safe therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship between workplace violence and turnover intention, and the mediation effect of resilience on the relationship in hospital nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 237 registered nurses were recruited from three hospitals in South Korea from April to May 2019. Participants were invited to complete self-reported questionnaires that measure workplace violence, turnover intention, resilience, and demographic information. The data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval (5,000 bootstrap resampling). Results: After controlling demographic covariates, workplace violence significantly accounted for the variance of turnover intention. It was also demonstrated that resilience partially mediated the relationship between workplace violence and turnover intention in hospital nurses. A 73.8% of nurses had experienced workplace violence (such as attack on personality, attack on professional status, isolation from work, or direct attack). Conclusion: Workplace violence directly influences turnover intention of nurses and indirectly influences it through resilience. Therefore, hospital administrators need to develop and provide a workplace violence preventive program and resilience enhancement program to decrease nurses' turnover intention, and leaving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of the emotional coaching program for hospital nurses. Methods: The study used a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and participants included 60 nurses (30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group) who worked at a general hospital. The experimental group attended four sessions, one per week, with each session lasting two and a half hours. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, Χ² test, t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Results: Significant differences were shown between the experimental and the control groups regarding emotional labor (F=68.40, p<.001), resilience (F=48.77, p<.001), and self-efficacy (F=15.31, p<.001). Conclusion: The emotional coaching program for nurses is useful for enhancing nurses' emotional labor management, resilience, and self-efficacy. In addition, this program may serve as a basis for providing emotional coaching to nurses in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that affect post-traumatic growth of general hospital nurses after they experience traumatic events. Methods: A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. Participants were 232 nurses from general hospitals in South Korea. Data, including self-report questionnaires, were collected from July 11th to 31st, 2019, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: Post-traumatic stress (r=.24, p<.001), resilience (r=.36, p<.001), and social support (r=.37, p<.001) for general hospital nurses had a positive correlation with post-traumatic growth. The factors that affected post-traumatic growth were a) sleep disturbance, emotional paralysis and dissociation symptom subcategory of post-traumatic stress (β=.34, p<.001) and b) persistence subcategory of resilience (β=.33, p<.001) and c) evaluation support subcategory of social support (β=.29, p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that it is necessary to develop and provide programs to nurses to improve post-traumatic stress management, strengthen their resilience and provide social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]