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The paper examines how the rule of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzecz Pospolita) has been treated in Latvian historiography between the two world wars, among exiles or political emigrants in the West after World War II, under the Soviet regime in Latvia and after the restoration of Latvia's independence. The main focus is on the state of historiography, as far as it is practically possible mentioning the major authors, the topics that they cover and their works on the above-mentioned subject. The author of the present paper also analyzes the historians' choice of topics and reaches the conclusion that the published works as well as those that are still in the process of being written demonstrate that certain steps have been taken in shedding light on the respective period of time. First and foremost it refers to topics such as the Duchy of Courland, the cultural monuments in Latgale region, specific themes pertaining to the Polish-Swedish war etc. Yet further work to research in more depth this period which is extremely important for the history of Latvia remains one of the most important future tasks (both to shed more light on particular themes and to create a new analytical synthesis) that no doubt will be made easier and more streamlined by cooperation with Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]