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This article focuses on formation of environmental policy in different periods in Lithuania. The purpose of the article is to analyze main steps of development environmental policy. Some researchers keep opinion that the beginning of environmental policy started in the interwar period. Meanwhile more environmental specialists are following position that in this period had been not founded any specialized environmental institution and the roots of environmental policy cannot be in the interwar years. Actually development of environmental policy started after Second World War in the soviet period when Nature Conservation Act has been adopted and State Nature Protection Committee, and some environmental protection agencies had been founded. The beginning of modern environmental policy started in the beginning of re - establishing of the Independent Republic when Sate Environmental Protection Department has been founded and Environmental Protection Act has been adopted. The adoption of the State Environmental Protection Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy are main current strategic instruments to develop modern environmental policy in Lithuania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the concept of environmental compensation and provides the examples of environmental compensation practices in various European Union countries. The principle of environmental compensation is to avoid, minimize, restore or compensate the damage to the biodiversity due to human activities, however in practice it is almost impossible to achieve no net loss to the biodiversity. European Union has issued Directive that established the principles of environmental compensation already in 2004, however until now the practices of environmental compensation in European Union countries are very fragmented. The implementation of environmental compensation principles in urban development is constrained mainly by factors such as lack of space, and the complexity of environments that are affected. There is a lack of integrated approach towards the strategies how environmental compensation should be implemented in the planning of various projects that have impact upon biodiversity. Furthermore, there is a lack of holistic approach towards the nature in legislation and practices of environmental compensation, as usually focus of instruments is on specific parts of natural environment. Ideally, the principles of environmental compensation should be an integral part of national strategies of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air cleaning efficiency tests on placing material load into the lavsan biofilter were carried out. Testing included butanol vapour-contaminated air stream pulled during the boot. The studies were conducted by the Department of Environmental Protection at VGTU that developed a biofilter - an experimental biological air cleaning device. Measurements were done using 60 lmin and 90 lmin air volume aspirators under the initial pollutant concentration making 180,305, 350,440 and 545 mg/m³. Before measuring the concentrations of butanol lavsan cartridge, loading was periodically irrigated with nutrient-rich solution. In order to evaluate the influence of microorganisms on genus Pseudomonas, cleaning efficiency tests were repeated - Boot was moistened with water only, which allowed measuring butanol vapour concentrations after the cartridge. At the concentration of 180±9 mg/m³, efficiency reached 41% at a speed of 0,07 m/s and 46 % at a speed of 0,10 m/s. Measuring the performance of the initial concentration of 545±67 mg/m³, efficiency was 54% at 0,07 m/s and 53 % at 0,10 m/s respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to properly analyse the operation of a two-level multichannel cyclone. a study on how air flow moves inside the cyclone is necessary. The two-level multichannel cyclone is designed to separate solid particles from the air stream and has been built in the Environmental Protection Laboratory at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. Researches on finding how the air flow distributes within two levels and channels of the six-channel cyclone were made. Air velocity was measured using multimeter Testo-400 and dynamic Pito tube. Air velocity measurements in ducts before and after the device were done using an anemometer. The results showed that the air volume at both cyclone levels were equal, and air velocity in the channels that were the same at both levels was also distributed equally. The highest air speed was measured at the end of the last IV channel and reached 13 m/s. Minimum air velocity can be observed when the rings are arranged in such way that 75% of the air flow returns to the previous channel, and the maximum speed is when the previous channel returns 25% of the air flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]