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Baigiamajame magistro nagrinėjama Lietuvos geležinkelių transporto eismo rizika, kylančios grėsmės traukinio saugumui ir eismo įvykio tikimybės atsiradimo priežastys. Analizuojant šalies geležinkelių transporto eismo statistinius duomenis nustatyta, kad daugiausia eismo įvykių įvyksta pervažose. Nagrinėjamos įvairių kategorijų pervažų techninės charakteristikos, nustatoma eismo įvykio tikimybė jose. Pagal gautus rezultatus atskirų šalies regionų pervažos, įvertinant pasirinktus kriterijus ir jų įtakos eismo saugumui svarbą, yra suranguojamos. Apskaičiuojama rizika pavojingiausiose šalies regionų pervažose. Pateiktos baigiamojo darbo išvados. Darbą sudaro: paveikslų ir lentelių sąrašas, santrumpos, įvadas, geležinkelių eismo saugos analizė, geležinkelio eismo rizikos saugos vertinimas ir valdymas, eismo įvykio tikimybės apskaičiavimas pervažoje, eismo saugos rizikos ir ekonominiai skaičiavimai, išvados ir literatūra Darbo apimtis – 81 p. teksto be priedų, 17 paveikslų, 39 lentelių, 8 bibliografiniai ir 8 interneto šaltiniai.. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. The risk of Lithuanian railway traffic, threats to the safety of the train and causes of the accident probability is created in this final work. The analysis of the country traffic statistics showed that the majority of accidents occur in level crossings. Deal with in various different categories of crossings, technical characteristics are established the accident probability of crossings. According to the results of various regions of the country crossings, adopted the criteria and their impact on traffic safety. The criteria of level crossing safety are ranked. The risk of the most dangerous country’s regions crossings is calculated. Finally the basic conclusions are given. The work text consists a list of figures and tables, an introduction, analysis of rail traffic safety, the risk of railway traffic safety assessment and management, accident probability calculation in the level crossing, the risk of traffic safety and economic calculations, Volume of work is 81 pages without appendixes, 17 figures, 39 tables, 8 biographical and 8 internet sources.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe apžvelgiama dyzelinių degalų gamyba, sudėtis ir jų priedai. Aprašyti dyzelinių variklių išskiriami teršalai bei jų mažinimo principai. Nagrinėjamos degalų mišinių struktūrinės ypatybės bei savybės. Išnagrinėti mišinių gavimo būdai ir įrenginiai. Atlikti eksperimentiniai tyrimai, kurių metu skirtingais kiekiais ir esant skirtingiems parametrams buvo maišomas dyzelinas su vandeniu ir įvairiais stabilizuojančiais priedais. Gautos degalų mišinio vandens dalelių dydžio priklausomybės. Nagrinėta stabilizuojančių priedų įtaka vandens dalelių dydžiui bei mišinio išsisluoksniavimo laikui. Apskaičiuotas mokėtinas taršos mokestis naudojant gryną dyzeliną ir degalų mišinį. Pateiktos darbo išvados. Darbą sudaro 8 dalys: įvadas, dyzelinių degalų apžvalga, dyzelinių variklių deginių sudėties analizė, degalų mišinių įtaka variklio darbingumui, mišinių gavimo būdai ir įrenginiai, atlikti eksperimentiniai tyrimai, ekonominis įvertinimas, išvados. Darbo apimtis − 65 p. teksto be priedų, 39 paveikslai, 13 lentelių. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. This Master Thesis rewievs diesel fuel production, composition and accessories. Discribed the emissions, resulting from diesel engines and their reduction. Examined structural features and properties of the fuel blends and fuel emulsions. Overview of formulas obtained getting stable emulsions. Receiving experimental studies in which different quantities of diesel and water were mixed with certain parameters. The resulting particle size dependence of water in the emulsion. Visited additives on particle size and mixture of delamination time. Polution tax calculated using pure diesel fuel and fuel blend. Work consists of 8 parts: introduction, overview of diesel fuel in diesel engines, exhaust composition analysis of the fuel blends on the engine capacity to work, blends of receipt of techniques and equipment to carry out experimental studies, economic evaluation, and conclusions. Work volume: 65 pages without additions, 39 illustrations, 13 tables. Additions to work.

Baigiamajame darbe išanalizuota mokslinės literatūros šaltiniai, kuriuose buvo tirti ir išnagrinėti riedmenų ašidėžių temperatūrų kitimo procesai, temperatūrų pasiskirstymas ašidėžės ir aširačio mazgo elementuose. Išanalizuoti ašidėžių temperatūrų kitimo greičiai esant guolių gedimams, pateiktos ašidėžių liekamojo resurso prognozės. Išnagrinėti tyrimai pagrindžiantys riedmenų automatinės kontrolės prietaisų išdėstymo atstumų atitikimą saugių eismo sąlygų reikalavimams. Darbe pateikta realiomis sąlygomis atliktų bandymų rezultatų analizė. Nustatytos ašidėžių mazgo kaitimo tendencijos. Pateikta pagrindinių faktorių galinčių įtakoti ašidėžių kaitimo intensyvumą. Atliktas gautų bandymo rezultatų palyginimas si literatūros šaltiniuose pateiktais duomenimis ir nurodytos galimos bandymų rezultatų ir literatūros šaltinių duomenų neatitikimo priežastys. Pateiktos rekomendacijos, kuriomis remiantis galima padidinti traukinių eismo saugą ir išvengti avarinių situacijų dėl ašidėžių mazgo galimų defektų ir galima prognozuoti liekamąjį darbo resursą. Nurodytos tolesnių papildomų tyrimų kryptys. Baigiamąjį darbą sudaro 3 pagrindinės dalys, išvados, siūlymai bei literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 74 p. teksto be priedų, 49 iliustr., 12 lentelių, 29 literatūros šaltiniai. In the final analysis of the scientific literature sources that have been investigated and examine the axle box temperature variation processes, temperature axle box and of the wheelset node items. Parse axle box temperature variation speeds at bearing failures, the axle box residual resource forecast. The studies on which the automatic control devices layout distances with safe traffic conditions. Work in real terms of the results of the tests carried out. The axle box assembly heating trends. The main factors which could influence the axle box heating. The comparison of the results of the test carried out si literature reference data and the results of the tests and literature data the reasons. Recommendations on the basis of which can be increased traffic safety and avoid emergency situations of axle box node of possible defects and predict the residual labor resource. Additional studies to further directions. The final work of 3 basic parts, conclusions, suggestions and references. The scope of the work to 74 p. text without additives, 49pictures, 12 tables, 29 bibliographical entries.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos traukinių ant magnetinės pagalvės (MAGLEV) technologijos. Atlikta išsami traukinių ant magnetinės pagalvės pasaulinės patirties analizė. Ištirti šių traukinių pagrindiniai privalumai ir trūkumai lyginant su įprastiniais greitaisiais traukiniais. Parinkti traukinių eksploatavimo lyginamieji parametrai. Pateikiami riedmenų TRASNRAPID 08 (MAGLEV) ir ICE 3 (tradicinės sistemos) techniniai ekonominiai lyginimo rezultatai. Atliktas daugiakriteris vertinimas. Pabaigoje suformuluotos išvados. Baigiamajame magistro darbe sudarytos 37 lentelės, pavaizduota 60 paveikslų. Darbo apimtis 95 psl. Final master work analyzes technologies of trains on magnetic cushion (MAGLEV). World experience analysis of trains on magnetic cushion is made. Advantages and disadvantages of MAGLEV systems in comparison with other high speed trains are also discussed. Performance comparative parameters were chosen. Technical economical analysis results are made using TRASNRAPID 08 as MAGLEV system train and ICE 3 as traditional system train. Also multi criteria evaluation is made. Finally, conclusions are formed. Final master work consists: 37 tables, 60 figures and 4 appendixes. Work size 95 pages.

Baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotas AB „Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ prekinių šilumvežių parkas. Išnagrinėti parko modernizacijos projektai. Atlikta prekinių šilumvežių dyzelinių degalų sąnaudų pasirinktame geležinkelio ruože lyginamoji analizė. Atlikta ekonominė analizė, nustatytas modernizuotų, remotorizuotų 2M62 serijos šilumvežių bei naujų SIEMENS ER20 CF prekinių šilumvežių ekonominis efektas pagal sutaupytą degalų kiekį, lyginant su 2M62 šilumvežiais, turinčiais 14D40 variklį. Nustatytas 2M62 serijos šilumvežių modernizacijos, remotorizacijos bei naujo SIEMENS ER20 CF atsipirkimo laikas pagal sutaupytą degalų kiekį ir kitas eksploatacines sąnaudas. Pateikta prekinių šilumvežių parko struktūrinė analizė, prekinių šilumvežių degalų sąnaudų priklausomybės nuo fizinių veiksnių tyrimas, prekinių šilumvežių ekonominis įvertinimas. Išnagrinėta informacija apibendrinta išvadomis ir pasiūlymais, pateiktas literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 70 p. teksto be priedų, 36 iliustr., 24 lent., 15 bibliografinių šaltinių. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. The paper analyzes Joint-Stock Company AB „Lietuvos Geležinkeliai“ depot of goods heat-engines. The paper investigates the projects of depot modernization. A comparative analysis of fuel expenditure by goods heat-engines has been conducted in the selected section of the railway. The economic analysis has been carried out, which determines the economic effect of the modernized and remotorized 2M62 series heat-engines and the new SIEMENS ER20 CF goods heat-engines with regard to the saved fuel amount as compared to 2M62 heat-engines with 14D40 engines. The time of covering the modernization and remotorization of 2M62 series heat-engines and the purchase of the new SIEMENS ER20 CF has been determined with regard to the saved fuel amount. The paper presents a structural analysis of the depot for goods heat-engines as well as the research of fuel expenditure by goods heat-engines dependence on physical factors, a comparative analysis of diesel fuel expenditure by goods heat-engines in the railway section as well as economic assessment of goods heat-engines have been conducted. The volume of the paper is 70 pages of text excluding appendices, 36 illustrations, 24 tables, 15 bibliography entries. The appendices are supplied separately.

Šiame baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotas bendrovės turimas lokomotyvų parkas, jų sudėtis, amžius, techninės charakteristikos. Apžvelgtos lokomotyvų parko atnaujinimo programos. Atlikta prekinių-magistralinių lokomotyvų gedimų analizė iki parko atnaujinimo ir po jo. Pateikta krovinių vežimų analizė iki 2007 metų bei prognozė iki 2030 m. Apžvelgti AB „Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ vykdomi bei numatomi įgyvendinti infrastruktūros projektai, kurie gali turėti įtakos lokomotyvų parko kitimo ilgalaikei strategijai. Remiantis teorinėmis formulėmis ir informacija, nustatytomis prielaidomis bei lokomotyvų apyvartos analize buvo išvesta formulė, pagal kurią skaičiuoti turimų, numatytų įsigyti bei modernizuotų lokomotyvų pajėgumai parko kitimo perspektyvoje ir palyginti su prognozuojamu krovinių srautų didėjimu. Identifikavus reikalingus lokomotyvų pajėgumus ir jų papildomą kiekį perspektyvoje pasiūlytas racionaliausias lokomotyvų parko kitimo ilgalaikės strategijos variantas. The locomotive park, its composition, age and technical characteristics of stock company are analyzed in this master’s dissertation. There are reviewed renewal programmes of Locomotive Park. Here have been analyzed breakdowns of freight locomotives till and after renewal program. Here have been analyzed freight haulage till 2007 year and forecast till 2030 year. There is reviewed JSC “Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ supposed infrastructure project which could influence to the locomotives fleet long-rate strategic. Considering to theoretical formulas and information, selected presumptions and locomotive work analyses was educed formula in accordance with was calculated locomotives potential work in the future and compared with forecast of freight haulage. Here have been identified the demand and amount of locomotive work in the prospect and suggested most rational development prospects of the locomotive park of JSC "Lietuvos geležinkeliai".

Shortsea shipping promotion and optimization issues have been repeatedly emphasized by the EU Commission and long-term researchers of the segment. The problem we are facing today is, that many commercial players still wrongly approach shortsea shipping with scepticism, as a bit outdated mode of transport; besides there are numerous administrative obstacles and factors involved that impede ultimate integration of shortsea shipping into the existing intermodal and multimodal transport chains. Inadequate infrastructures of port terminals, lack of logistics elements, as well as protectionism related barriers existing in the EU member states, all these urge the necessity to investigate the feasibility and potential of shortsea shipping across the EU.

Emergency braking of a vehicle is bound with many factors, such as the behaviour of the driver, the drive of the vehicle braking system, the braking mechanisms, the condition of the tyres, and the properties of the pavement. This process involves all parameters of the system “the driver – the vehicle – the road”. In order to investigate the efficiency of braking process upon specific conditions, it is necessary to examine all physical processes that take place in the vehicle on pressing the brake pedal. Upon the completion of the experimental and theoretical investigation on emergency braking of vehicles a general mathematical model of vehicle with hydraulic braking system on its emergency braking had been developed. The dynamic, thermodynamic in solid systems and fluid hydrodynamic processes were assessed. The model enables to examine various cases of emergency braking with assessment of the driver’s reaction, parameters of the vehicle’ technical condition and the pavement condition. A general mathematical model of vehicle with hydraulic braking system that’s computing is realized in the system of the applied software Compaq Visual Fortran Professional system provides possibilities for research the hydrodynamic processes that take place in the system of braking; enables to define more closely the movement parameters of the vehicle in the emergency braking mode and may be applied for analysis of traffic events, improvement of vehicle braking systems as well as a manual for... [to full text]

Research of movement parameters of motorcars in braking.

In this work are present analysis of traction rolling – stock in Lithuania. There are traversed main criterias of 2M62 series lokomotyve of Radviliškis lokomotyve depot – expenses of maintenance and outlays of fuel, oil, unplanned repairs, running repairs ER-1 and technical handling TP-3.According to complex quality rate is determined critical technical state of traction rolling-stock. There is designed expedient technique of selection of traction rolling-stock and terms of purchase, invoking which we could get maximum economical effect.Inferences are present in the end of this work.

The suspension of the motor vehicle is one of the most important elements of the flexible mounted and inflexible mounted masses of the vehicle bodywork, and most attention is paid to its exploration and improvement. Analysis of models of equivalent oscillation systems of motor vehicles testifies that the evaluation of motor vehicle oscillations and modelling of its motion modes is still very topical and requires further research. Suspension models of motor vehicles offered in publications regard only the influence of road irregularities, and the modernisation of these models is directed towards the improvement of passengers’ comfort. However not much research has been done on the influence of oscillations of flexible mounted and inflexible mounted masses of the bodyworks of vehicles in the process of braking; also there is not much investigation of the post-accident identification of the vehicle’s movement mode corresponding to the deformations of the suspension and the longitudinal pitch of the bodywork. Research of oscillations in the conditions of emergency braking is primarily important for the work in two practical directions: 1) improvement of calculation methods of motor vehicle’s response to external impact in the conditions of real operation; 2) further improvement of research methods on the road, and analysis of fait accompli road accidents related to oscillations in the emergency braking. Methodology defining the oscillations occurring in the braking may be applied... [to full text]

Over the past several years, solution of issues of quality of development, modernization, reconstruction and maintenance of international railway corridors has been in focus, considering the changing needs of an individual country’s residents and common needs of railway users in general. The development of railway transport systems influences the quality of life in separate countries and regions, as defined by complex equilibrium of economic, social and political factors. The railway transport sector in countries in Central and Eastern Europe is outdated in the technical, economic, technological and organizational sense, lagging far behind modern and efficiently interacting railway transport systems of Western and Northern Europe. Their main weaknesses include low train speeds, different conditions for the use of railway networks in different countries (differing requirements for infrastructure, projecting standards and rolling stock), low-level services, noise and vibration, insufficient level of traffic safety and environmental protection. The problem of increasing train speeds is of key importance. Development of a joint European high-speed railway network has been started, and Lithuania should join the system as well. The main goal of the Lithuanian railway sector is to increase speeds of passenger and cargo trains on main lines from the current 120 km/h for passenger trains and 90 km/h for cargo trains. The increase of train speeds is not a technical issue only – as... [to full text]

Pasaulio ekonomikos augimas, spartėjantis globalizacijos procesas, technologijų pažanga didina atstumus tarp žaliavų gavimo, gamybos ir pagamintų prekių naudojimo taškų. Gausėjant prekybinių ryšių bei plečiantis jų geografijai, didėja reikalavimai transporto ir logistikos paslaugas teikiančiam sektoriui. Regionų ekonominis augimas priklauso nuo to, kaip transporto sistema geba patenkinti žaliavų tiekėjų, gamintojų, prekybininkų ir vartotojų logistikos poreikius laiko, greičio, saugumo, sąnaudų prasmėmis. Transporto srautai ilgainiui prisitaiko prie kintamų regiono logistikos poreikių, tačiau dėl transporto sistemos inertiškumo tam sugaištama laiko. Lietuvoje reikšminga dalis bendrojo nacionalinio produkto sukuriama transporto ir logistikos sektoriuje, kadangi šalis yra stambių tranzitinių krovinių srautų kryžkelėje. Lietuvai tapus Europos Sąjungos nare, atsiveria tarptautinės prekybos augimo galimybes, Lietuva tampa Europos Sąjungos buferine zona prekybai su Rytų bloko šalimis, taigi teisinga Lietuvos transporto sistemos plėtros strategija gali suteikti Lietuvai didžiulį ekonominį potencialą, bendrojo vidaus produkto ir darbo vietų skaičiaus augimo perspektyvas. Transporto srautams užtikrinti būtina transporto infrastruktūra, kurios plėtrai yra labai svarbu nustatyti potencialius krovinių srautus. Transporto infrastruktūra labai imli kapitalui, todėl jos plėtros kryptys turi tiksliai atitikti logistikos poreikius, priešingu atveju milžiniškos investicijos nepateisinamos... [to full text] Relevance of the dissertation is determined by the object of research – the influence of logistical factors on transport flows distribution. The growth of world economics, business globalization, progress in technology skills extends the distances between geographical points of raw materials resources, manufacturers and consumers. Due to the membership in the European Union (EU) Lithuania has got new opportunities for international trade growth, and all the Eastern Baltic countries have become the buffer region for the EU trading with the countries of the Eastern Europe and Asia. A proper transport policy and infrastructure development would increase significantly the GNP in warehousing, transport and distribution sectors. Forecasting of potential transport flows according to logistical requirements of freight suppliers is most important for transport network optimization. Scientific problem. Contemporary transport engineering theory approaches the peculiarities of transport flows formation too narrowly, only as an analysis of internal factors determining freight flows. There is no analysis of external factors. Many researchers assume that transport flows are determined only by the existing transport network and its characteristics. Other researchers consider transport flows as a result of logistic elements only. The estimating of internal and external logistical factors provides a possibility to forecast the transport flows. Aim of the research is to create a model of... [to full text]

Currently Port of Klaipėda has been interlinked by ro-ro transit lines with Germany, Sweden and Denmark. It has been sought not only for improvement but also for development and expansion of the ro-ro market in order to answer continuously growing needs of clients. Lithuanian ro-ro liner shippers and operators although confronted by severe competition in ro-ro shipping market, strive to retain their position, conquer and manage new ro-ro markets. Yet it is to be mentioned that close cooperation with other transport industries and ro-ro terminals is not always attainable what consequently enhance the impact of factors affecting ro-ro transport and lessen attractiveness of such transportation, reduce cargo flow in general. Relevance of the problem. Considerable part of ro-ro lines are forced to close down soon after they are opened as having no prospects for they fail to attract sufficient freight and cargo flow due to multiple reasons like inadequate assessment and underestimation of advantages, shortcomings and risks (threats) and overestimated possibilities, insufficient research into cargo flow, inconsideration or failed acknowledgement of factors affecting ro-ro transportation. Therefore the relevance of the issue involved in this dissertation reveals not only for developing of new ro-ro shipping lines, but also for restructuring of existing lines and restoring of former ro-ro lines, it applies also in view of intended increase in competitiveness of ro-ro freightage... [to full text]

The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of geometrical parameters of gauge and displacement upon rail head side wearing on curves and present proposals to increase durability of rails on curves.