1. PERISTIWA EL NINO DAN PENGARUH IOD TERHADAP HUJAN DI MALAYSIA.
- Author
-
Mahmud, Mastura
- Abstract
The existence of the Pacific Ocean to the east of Malaysia and the Indian Ocean to its west influences the amount of rainfall in Malaysia. One of the effects of these oceans is the occurrence of the El Nino (La Nina) phenomenon that often causes dry (wet) condition in Malaysia. The oceanic indices and amount of rainfall received in Malaysia from 1970 to 2008 at 12 major climate stations forms a basis for the investigation on the oceanic influence by using statistical methods such as correlation and multivariate analyses. The Equatorial Southern Oscillation Index (EQSOI), the Oceanic Northern Oscillation Index (ONI) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) represented the El Nino phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean while the signal for the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) uses the Dipole Modes Index (DMI). The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of IOD during El Nino and La Nina on the rainfall in Malaysia. The results showed that the relationship between SOI/ONI/EQSOI/IOD and the amount of rainfall was positive/negative/negative/negative but weak. The IOD has a positive and negative influence on the rain. Rainfall patterns indicated that the El Nino affected less the amount of rainfall in the Peninsula compared to Sabah and Sarawak due to the presence of the Indian Ocean. The ANOVA test showed no significant relationship existed between the rainfall anomalies and the ocean indices. The 12% occurrences of El Nino and the positive IOD phase resulted in drier than normal conditions while 12% of the La Nina incidences during the negative IOD phase produced more rainfall than normal. This study shows the importance of monitoring the oceanic indices in the Pacific and Indian Oceans in determining future water resources planning for our country especially for the upcoming climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018