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Introduction. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the production companies in Spanish commercial television for the channels Antena 3 (Atresmedia Televisión) and TeleCinco (Mediaset España), which are the two private television networks with the greatest audience share in Spain. Methods. A quantitative method was used to analyze the programming grid of an 8-day sample based on a content analysis. Results and discussion. The paper shows that the production companies that appeared in both channels are linked in most times with international conglomerates and that, on the contrary, small production companies have scare presence. Conclusion. The tendency of outsourcing contents fosters a high penetration of transnational groups and international capital sources in the production of Spanish TV programs, which impedes formats created in Spain, and consequentially, the presence of national production companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the methodological approach proposed within H2020 ROCK project, on the adaptive reuse of public spaces in the historic city, particularly focussing on accessibility. The methodology is applied in a test-bed site of the historical context with the aim to identify integrated and effective strategies capable of shifting attention from the single building to the urban scale, following a performance-oriented approach. The goal is to contribute, through a light infrastructure, enabling technologies and new services, to the definition of a barrier-free built environment suitable to satisfy the citizen's environmental well-being in an equitable manner. The integrated approach involved users and key factors such as: disabled associations, sectors of the Municipality, representatives and operators of cultural institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Venice's urban morphology does not allow for autonomous movement for people with impaired mobility, a problem which has been taken on in recent years via a number of projects which have improved the potential for movement along pedestrian and water-based routes. This paper presents the results of research which, starting from a study of previously implemented changes, has mapped the town in GIS environment and planned a mobility support application which can be personalised to user needs. The tool is designed to help users wanting to move around Venice choose a pedestrian and ferry itinerary which takes account of fixed obstacles and the high water phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the common practice and the regulatory requirements related to the urban planning of our cities continues to define environmental quality through compliance with urban planning codes, the inadequacy of this parameter is increasingly evident. For this reason, numerous urban regeneration programs, and above all urban sustainability assessment standards, evaluate the environmental sustainability levels and livability, as if they were a project indicator. The paper describes the most consolidated indicators and proposes the use of the livability indicator of the public space promoted by the Urban Ecology Agency of Barcelona with some modifications that make it more consistent with the Milanese and Italian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limestone breccia of Middle Triassic age from the area of the village of Hreša, 6 km northeast of Sarajevo, was the main dimension stone for the construction of a large number of public and private buildings in Sarajevo from the end of the 15th century until almost the end of the 20th century, especially during the Ottoman Empire and Austro-Hungarian rule. Urbanization and the expansion of the city core created a recognizable, hewn appearance of the red stone surface of the walls, staircases, paved squares and pedestrian areas of Sarajevo. In previous mineralogical petrographic investigations, they have been identified as breccia limestone (intrasparudite), fossiliferous microcrystalline limestone (fossiliferous micrite) and fossiliferous partially lumpy limestone (fossiliferous pelmicrite). Limestone breccias and breccia limestones known under the commercial name "Hreša" are extracted in the Hreša site. The locality belongs to the structural tertiary unit Vučja Luka - Hreša - Ljubogošča (geological map of the Prača area) and D. Crepoljsko - Trebević - Treskavica - Prača (geological map of the Sarajevo area) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diamond wire saws are indispensable machines for the extraction and processing of dimension stones. The cutting speed, energy consumption and wear rate of the diamond beads are the most important factors in assessing the efficiency of a diamond wire saw. The parameters that influence the efficiency of the diamond wire saw can be divided into controlled and uncontrolled parameters. Uncontrolled parameters cannot be influenced directly and are related to the rock types and their properties such as strength, hardness and abrasiveness. Controlled parameters are related to the operating parameters and technical characteristics of the machine. The energy consumption and the service life of the diamond wire are directly related to the characteristics of the machine and the design of the diamond wire, such as the power of the drive motor, the diameter of the drive wheel, diamond grit size and the diameter of the wire. The operating parameters of the diamond wire saw, such as cutting speed, cutting surface, cutting angle, wire tension and cooling water flow, also have a significant influence. Based on previous studies, the influence of the above parameters on the consumption of energy and wear rate of diamond beads in the operation of a diamond wire saw was analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, in some marble quarries, the amount of waste amounts to 80%. The ReValoMur research project aimed to generate the necessary knowledge for the production of a new cementitious material, based on plastic waste from agriculture and waste derived from the extraction and/or transformation of natural stone, as a means of valorization of these industrial sectors in the Region of Murcia, in order to develop an optimal material of a more ecological scale within the productive range, focused on additive manufacturing as a potential technology for the rationalization and reuse of waste, that is, underused resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abrasion resistance is one of the crucial parameters to consider when evaluating natural stone for use in public infrastructure with light traffic. The assessment and evaluation of abrasion parameters can be carried out according to the EN 14157 standard, using two typical natural stones from different sources in order to compare the necessary parameters. The parameters will be analysed in correlation with other factors in order to find optimizations. The results showed a significant correlation coefficient between the dry sample and water saturation tests. This suggests that the abrasion resistance of natural stone when dry is closely related to its resistance when saturated with water. This information is valuable in selecting appropriate natural stone materials for public infrastructure, as it provides insights into how the materials will perform under different conditions. In public squares, natural stone is often used as paving material because of its durability, resistance to weathering, aesthetics and other parameters. However, different types of natural stone have different levels of abrasion resistance, which can affect their suitability for use in public squares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties of Portuguese modal verbs. Following the assumptions from Generative Grammar, this case-study approaches two very important issues for the characterization of modal verbs, having to do which concern their both either homonymic or polysemic status. By reanalyzing the "lexical" counterpart of these verbs as well as their "auxiliary" side, the present work claims that there is only a lexical entry for dever and poder and that the properties of their structure and interpretation depend on the syntax, not on the lexicon. Hence, this paper argues for a MODAL category, not as a descriptive label, but as a grammar prime, and shows the both empirical and theoretical consequences of this proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is analysis and comparison of visibility patterns (as elements of landscape structuring) between a prehistoric hillfort with a rampart and Early Modern period fortification at Bojnik, a site situated at the mouth of the Zrmanja river. Multi-period archaeological site Bojnik is described in detail which is situated at a prominent location above the position where the Zrmanja river flows into the Novigrad sea. The remains of monumental prehistoric architecture roughly dated to the regional Bronze Age and the remains of a smaller fortification from the Early Modern period were documented. The main purpose of this fortification was the control of the sea route at Novigrad sea and sailing along the Zrmanja river. The research for this paper utilized various kinds of data acquired through archival research, field survey, analysis of small finds, and geospatial analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the analysis of a portion of movable finds gathered during the archaeological research of the manor house near Orahovica in 2017 and 2019. Likewise, this paper brings results of the study of the manor house compared to similar residences in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. The medieval manor house near Orahovica is situated at the foot of the Ružica grad, one of the biggest castles in Croatia. The estate was ruled by numerous prominent individuals, among others, Nicholas of Ilok, who was one of its most notable owners and one of the biggest magnates of the late medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Very few sources mention the manor house, and the ones that do, do not offer any additional information about it. Archaeological excavations began in 2017 and continued in 2019 and 2020. Movable finds discovered mostly include typical late medieval and early modern ceramic finds. Sigismund of Luxembourg, Holy Roman Emperor’s coin minted between 1430 and 1437 is a significant find. Thus far, there are three recognized phases of additions to the main three-room building. The excavations conducted in 2020 revealed structures in the vicinity of the manor house, which point to the existence of a larger complex. In continental Croatia, there are no similar late medieval manor houses known and excavated so far. Research of manor houses in the area of the late medieval Kingdom of Hungary similar to the one near Orahovica enabled the detection of a group of residential and economic complexes which could play an important role in understanding and interpreting the results of further archaeological research of this site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on shame in the context of eating disorders. As a common emotion occurring in various spheres of human life, shame is of particular importance in the understanding and treatment of eating disorders as it is one of the key factors in their development and sustenance. There is scientific evidence that individuals with eating disorders experience higher levels of shame and guilt compared to those with other clinical diagnoses, which distinguishes eating disorders from other psychopathologies. Therefore, we present the mechanisms underlying the emotion of shame and its relationship with eating disorders, along with selected therapeutic strategies for overcoming shame. This paper also presents the research on neural correlates of shame and their relationship with the development and sustenance of a disturbed body image, which is one of the key psychopathological aspects of eating disorders. We also discuss the role of work on the patient's shame in successful therapeutic processes, as well as the possible use of neuroscience in understanding and treating patients experiencing this emotion. Furthermore, we attempted to explain the concept of shame and its possible classification in the context of selected psychological theories. The paper also refers to the concepts of healthy and toxic shame, which are strongly associated with developing a specific type of personality and coping strategies in social relationships, and which influence self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines sports, cultural, historical, and urban geography to analyse hodonyms (names of streets and squares) and ergonyms (names of hospitality establishments) located in the proximity of sports centres. The research examines whether there is a link between the hodonyms and ergonyms associated with sports and the location of sports facilities. The starting point of this research was the assumption that spatial proximity influences the motivation for naming streets, squares, and hospitality establishments. Accordingly, this paper approaches the concept of sports in the urban landscape from a spatial aspect. Case studies were conducted in the two largest cities of the Republic of Croatia: the capital city Zagreb, and Split. The main methodological approach used in the analysis of data was statistical and interpretative. The research showed that there is a degree of association between hodonyms and ergonyms and the location of sports facilities. Sports transform and shape the urban landscape, not only the sports landscape (in the form of infrastructure), but also other parts of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenges of modern tourism development increasingly indicate the need for new approaches based on the creative use of intangible assets and heritage, and a more harmonious relationship between the local community and tourists. Placemaking is one such approach, which goes to the core of what builds places and local communities. This paper looks at the evolution of the concept, and its approaches and definitions. Among the tools of placemaking, tangible (physical design), intangible (mental images), and mixed approaches are recognized. The examples in this paper have been selected mainly from tourism and community development studies. Quality placemaking leads to the development of a sense of place, increases social cohesion, and stimulates the long-term regeneration of public spaces, which contributes to tourism attractiveness. In this light, the concept of placemaking can serve as a useful analytical category for more systematic research on spatial transformations and as a development tool in strategic tourism planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language use and spatial identity research are topics of interest in linguistics, geography, anthropology, ethnology, sociology, psychology, and philosophy. Accordingly, there are numerous related terms that originated in one discipline but are also used in other disciplines, making them multi-disciplinary. Research on terminology in the field of language use has shown great diversity (linguistic geography, areal or spatial linguistics, linguistic geography, the geography of language, geolinguistics). The paper analyzes and defines the aforementioned concepts, their connection with individual disciplines, and discusses individual terminological shortcomings. The aim of this paper is to review the field of research regarding the use of language and spatial identity in a broader sense, and especially the position of and approaches to research within historical geography. The paper analyzes a sample of 124 articles (published mainly in Croatian and English) according to author(s), research objective, methodology, and period of publication. Based on this, three characteristic periods during which research developed and changed have been distinguished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied how a Brazilian community responded to a disaster using social innovations (SI) developed based on social bricolage and brokerage with stakeholders. The paper seeks to explain these processes and their interrelation. The methodological approach was primarily inductive, using semi-structured and open-ended interviews, document analysis, and the residential experience of the senior author before, during, and after the disaster. Our results suggest that the disaster upset the social balance of the community in several ways and triggered waves of subsequent SI related to social bricolage and brokerage that faded somewhat over time. Originality and value of the paper derive both from the unique and neglected context of post-disaster recuperation in a developing country and from the application of advances in the conceptualization of brokerage and its relation to social bricolage and SI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: A major thread in accounting literature, which has remained a contentious issue, is how accounting alchemy can be modeled. The paper builds on existing accrual models in proposing an accounting alchemy model and tests if it is still the right medicine for earnings and book value of firms. The accounting alchemy model was based on mechanisms of earnings, book value, earnings before extraordinary items, net profit after tax, cashflow from operations, revenue and total assets. We modified accrual models on the view that accrual models suggest that incomes/expenses are the most manipulated; contrarily, accounting alchemy proposes that assets are alchemized. Originality/value: This paper proposes a new empirical model of accounting alchemy and practically assesses the validity of the model in Sub-Saharan Africa where there are no studies. The proposed accounting alchemy model can be used in Asia, Europe and other parts of the world to see if the study results can be replicated. Design/methodology/approach: Ex post facto design was used and secondary data were obtained for selected quoted firms in sub-Saharan Africa comprising Nigeria, South Africa and Kenya during 2012-2016. A sample of 64 firms was selected in the consumer and industrial goods subsector and data were analysed via descriptive (mean, standard deviation, correlation) and inferential (regression, fixed and random effects) statistics. Findings: Findings indicated that earnings and book value are significantly affected by accounting alchemy. This implies that accounting alchemy is not the right medicine for firm's earnings and book value. The result has practical application for researchers and the regulatory framework of accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcified lesions of coronary arteries still represent a major challenge in interventional cardiology. The sign is advanced atherosclerosis, associated with multivessel disease and the presence of complex lesions, including long lesions, chronic total occlusions, and bifurcations. Today, there are several strategies for modifying calcified lesions before percutaneous coronary intervention. They can be divided into strategies without atherectomy and strategies with atherectomy. Non-atherectomy strategies include modification balloons and intravascular lithotripsy. Atherectomy strategies are aimed at physical plaque removal and include rotary atherectomy, coronary orbital atherectomy, and laser coronary atherectomy. Rotational atherectomy is an endovascular procedure during which plaque ablation occurs by advancing a rotating abrasive burr. The use of rotational atherectomy in severely calcified lesions is associated with greater dilatation of vessel diameter, larger lumen cross-section, and fewer final residual stenoses after stent implantation. Heavily calcified ostial and bifurcation lesions are more demanding for percutaneous intervention, with frequent complications such as plaque transfer, acute side branch occlusion, and suboptimal stent apposition or expansion. In such cases, interventions with modification of the calcified plaque with the use of rotational atherectomy have been shown to be more successful, whether only the main branch or both the main and side branches are treated. This paper presents a patient with a calcified lesion of the ostium of the anterior descending artery who refused cardiosurgical revascularization and in whom the initial percutaneous coronary intervention was not successfully performed. After that, percutaneous coronary intervention was performed using rotary atherectomy. An optimal angiographic result with normal coronary flow was obtained. The patient was discharged after the intervention without complications. Carefully performed rotational atherectomy can be successfully used in the treatment of demanding calcified lesions of the ostial segments of the coronary arteries with a high degree of effectiveness and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to retrace the trajectory of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), especially its policy-oriented learning process. Initially, we contrast the elements in Sabatier and Mazmanian (1980), where the first efforts to develop an analysis model are found, with the arguments found in Sabatier (1987, 1988, and 1993). Subsequently, the historical trajectory of updates and versions of the model is discussed based on the analyses in Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1999), Sabatier and Weible (2007), and Jenkins-Smith et al. (2018). It was possible to follow the modifications in the model, the main hypotheses built, the criticisms, and their unfoldings. As main findings, it was evident throughout the ACF construction trajectory: four versions of the model over almost 30 years and with the decisive participation of six prominent authors who contributed to its main developments since the first version, present in Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1993); and Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1999), the model gains greater analytical capacity with the intermediate variables between the external factors and the policy subsystem and analytically refines the categories internal to the subsystem. One gap identified in this trajectory, and consequent proposal for a future research agenda, is the influence of international actors and their implications on policy modifications, a condition not explicitly addressed by the ACF in its varied versions, as highlighted by Jenkins-Smith et al. (2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review deals with a widely discussed topic and its yet unknown features. High Pressure Narcosis Syndrome (HPNS) or 'deepsea nervous syndrome' is an important condition with almost unknown causes and fascinating features, to say the least. It affects those who dive at great depths while breathing in certain gas mixtures. The purpose of the following paper is first of all to summarise the state of the art and to draw more detailed and precise conclusions on the basis of the various studies in the current scientific literature. In the course of the analysis, this syndrome will be differentiated from the better known nitrogen narcosis with a few hints. Another objective is to mention the preventive measures that allow one to understand the onset of potentially very dangerous symptoms in an extreme environment such as diving. We briefly discuss saturation dives and their usefulness, emphasising their use in the Navy. The drug therapy solution discussed here emphasises the compressive or decompressive differences, in particular with respect to the Navy tables and the more recent tables published by the U.S. Navy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an in-depth investigation of the engineering aspects related to the design and operation of distributed-power freight trains (F-EMU, freight Electric Multiple Unit), and their potential advantages, by evaluating the various components of this new kind of train and comparing its performance with a traditional freight train. Electric motors, distributed along certain motorised carriages of connected wagons, allow, among others, the power necessary to avoid multiple locomotives, used on traditional lines for the heaviest trains, to be supplied, and access to high-speed lines, which were originally designed and constructed – in Italy for example – for mixed use (i.e. for passengers and freight). Interesting speed levels (140160 km/h) could be achieved, subject to the other requirements of the rolling stock, which are indicated later on in the paper. EMU trains are known to be used for passenger services, as they allow high speeds to be reached, energy to be recuperated during braking and, in general, increases in the performances of the rolling stock to be obtained. Analyses of the operation of freight trains have pointed out that distributed-power trains are able to reach appreciable acceleration values, during traction, because of a better distribution of the adhesive weight. High performances can be achieved, during the braking phase, when electro-dynamic braking, which allows energy to be recovered, is adopted together with a dominant electro-pneumatic braking system: this also prevents the infrastructure operator from having to lengthen the block sections to allow any poorly-braking 700-750 m long traditional trains to transit. The use of such innovative freight trains also satisfies the modern requirements of intermodal transport: electrification of the whole train makes it possible to transport units of refrigerated goods and perishable goods, and to conduct a constant monitoring of the load. After having examined the design and functional requirements of the F-EMU train and a traditional one, a comparison is made of the performances of a distributedpower freight train and a conventional one, on the TurinSavona railway line, through the use of a micro-simulating software package that is able to reproduce the railway operations along the considered stretch and saturate the current passenger timetable with freight trains. From the results, it has emerged that the adoption of distributed-power freight trains leads to a marked reduction of the travel times and an increase in the intermodal transport units (UTI) that can be transported over the reference time frame, especially when considering the use of 750 m long trains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the third year of elementary school, after three full school years, 22% of students can read only single words in Brazil (INEP, 2016). Difficulties with reading and writing are associated with the teaching method and the absence of appropriate literacy practices. Most children that have learning difficulties can overcome it with proper instruction. The central issue discussed in this article is that for the children to learn to read, it is necessary to explicitly teach them to read. Therefore, this paper aim to (1) discuss and bring effective examples of how neuroscientific theories of reading can help us find the more effective method of literacy and teaching reading, and (2) the creation of an informative brochure for elementary school teachers, whose focus is to illustrate and make practical suggestions on scientific evidence-based literacy. Based on evidence from neuroscientific studies that underline the importance of teaching the alphabetical principle and the development of phonological awareness, we have prepared a pamphlet with practical tips and techniques for teaching reading based on the phonic method, a method that corresponds to the evidence from neuroscientific studies reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper offers a new take on various procedures and visual argumentative strategies that favor the interpretative transition found in the persuasive strategies of advertising and informative column writing. This analysis is centered on the appearance and narrative of one of the many ad campaigns that Oliviero Toscani carried out for Benetton and deconstructs the explicit aspects of the image used in the communicative process. To do so, the article relies on the praxis of photography as well as a qualitative approach that seeks to document in a reflexive and visual manner the reality that affects society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Packaging plays a leading role in wine marketing: sight is the main sense that the buyer will use, so the relevance of visual language is almost as important as that of words in wine communication. This paper looks at the evolution of visual language in packaging through a literature review and the analysis of more than 500 samples. The results show a clear evolution in design towards originality, but also a shift from playing a basically persuasive role to being key in the identifying function and contributing to the informative function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of their importance, water springs have been the subject of scholarly study since the late 17th century. With the development of science in the 19th, and especially in the 20th and 21st centuries, they became the object of study of various fields and branches of science. The result of the diverse studies of springs is a rich knowledge of their properties and the development of numerous classifications. Most basic classifications were created at the beginning of the 20th century, but a need for interdisciplinary research and classification of springs has emerged in the last twenty years. Today, however, there is no internationally-accepted interdisciplinary classification or database of springs that would facilitate the comparison of researched features and the use of research data. In Croatia, water-rich karst springs, which are attractive phenomena, have been thoroughly researched and classified, while non-karst springs have been examined less. The aim of this paper is to present the development of spring classifications throughout history, to emphasize the variety of research approaches that have been used, and to present the most important modern research of springs in the world and in Croatia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a linguistic overview of the history and current status of Santomean and Princepean Portuguese (PST and PP). The rise of these varieties in Sao Tome and Principe goes back to their colonial origins in a multilingual environment, and also to their development into Second Language of indigenous people - later nativized as mother language by their offspring. Besides, from data collected on the spot, the article presents a brief synchronic overview of some phonological features of these varieties, focusing on phonological phenomena such as nasalization, rhotic variation, vocalization and segmental deletion, which are recurrent in PST and in PP. The analysis of historical, social and linguistic factors allows us to conclude that the development of local varieties is evident in STP. Although there is lack of a robust linguistic description and systematization, PST and PP are endowed with identity linguistic traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canadian First Nations (Indians) are said to suffer historical trauma from attendance at residential schools, through loss of culture passed down across generations. But the empirical evidence for this claim is weak. Less than a third of Canadian Indians ever attended residential schools, and the average period of attendance was only 4.5 years. Moreover, the research on intergenerational trauma arising from attendance at the residential schools suffers from numerous methodological weaknesses described in detail in the paper. Claims of intergenerational trauma are being used to justify demands for reparations, but that amounts to transferring wealth from contemporary people who have done nothing wrong to other contemporary people who have suffered no wrong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the issue of housing in inner areas, presenting a project of the candidacy of the Campania region for the PINQuA national funding programme, which was launched by the Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport in 2020. The project is based on the hypothesis that it is possible to reverse the demographic trend in marginalised areas – characterised by a declining population, a high old-age index, a lack of basic services and, at the same time, a high potential for innovation – with building renovation and differentiated housing offers with high standards of quality and services. Through a systemic and placebased approach, the research uses pilot cases to experiment on themes linked to new housing demands, digital and green innovation, proximity welfare and social cohesion through a multi-actor and multilevel process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The worsening of climate risks means climate adaptation measures and the acceleration of transition towards carbon neutrality need to be strengthened according to international Building renovation guidelines. The vulnerability to climate impacts and the inadequate performance of the built environment in the suburbs of cities determine the urgency required to intervene on these contexts through regenerative processes oriented to achieve the objectives of Green Transition. This paper presents the results of the research carried out by the Federico II University “PER_CENT/ PERIPHERIES AT THE CENTRE”. The research develops a methodology for the ecosystembased renewal of the projects of the postearthquake PSER (Programma Sperimentale di Edilizia Residenziale) in North Naples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small Italian villages, despite their significant variety, share the abundance of precious natural and cultural assets, the poor accessibility and the polycentrism that, historically, qualifies their settlements and a potential development process focused on the combination of innovation and tradition i.e. on the conservation and enhancement of their heritages. Scholars from different backgrounds have recently been emphasising the need to adopt integrated revitalisation policies in this regard, highlighting the role historic fabrics assume in their relationships – past, present and future – with contexts. Investigating the current state of studies on the subject, this paper highlights the instances, methods, purposes and limits of the approaches reserved for “residence” in this scenario, composing their possible critic appraisal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is a significant contemporary design laboratory for collective housing models in terms of both the construction of housing that experiments with new building materials and technologies and the design of flexible housing in informal contexts. Starting with a historical review of housing models created by B.V. Doshi and Charles Correa in the mid-1900s, this paper compares recent collective housing projects designed by Anupama Kundoo and Bijoy Jain (Studio Mumbai) in Auroville and Mumbai. The chosen projects explore new prototypes for housing and demonstrate the ability to respond in an original way to the growing challenges linked to environmental and social sustainability, opening up to new typological and technological experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents and analyzes late antique glazed mortars from the sites Josipovac – Verušed near Osijek and Lobor – Our Lady of the Mountain in Hrvatsko Zagorje, as well as non-glazed mortars found in Verušed. Previous research on small finds, especially metal objects, confirms that the antique and late antique rural settlement in Verušed was inhabited from the 2nd to the beginning of the 5th century at the latest. On the other hand, the site in Lobor, due to its isolated geographic position in the unstable times of Late Antiquity, survived into the 6th century, its prosperity marked by the construction, maintenance, and restoration of a significant church complex that was the center of the late antique hillfort in the context of which the fragments of glazed mortars were found. Considering the differences between these two sites, samples of late antique glazed mortars were chosen in order to determine the degree of similarity and difference in the production, distribution, and use of this type of glazed pottery. Mortar fragments are typologically and chronologically analyzed, with a discussion of other basic characteristics of late antique glazed mortars, such as measurements, grit, slip, glaze, and decorations. Glazed mortars from Josipovac – Verušed and Lobor – Our Lady of the Mountain are compared with each other and with the available data on glazed mortars from other similar sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective. The evolution of surgical techniques for facial and neck rejuvenation has been significant over the last years. The choice of technique must be personalized according to the patient's anatomical details and specificities to provide individual and personalized results. This work aims to expose our systematic preoperative evaluation of the patients that will be submitted to a face and neck surgical rejuvenation and our decision-making diagram. Methods. We present our preoperative evaluation checklist (subdivided into 9 steps) to recognize the individual anatomical variants and deformities. Using the physical exam and ultrasound evaluation of the face and neck we predict some variables that can make surgery more predictable and standardized. To do so we apply our 7 steps of pre-operative Decision Making Diagram of Face and Neck Rejuvenation Surgery. Results. Fifty-nine patients were submitted to face and neck lift between January 2019 and June 2021 using deep plane cervico-facial techniques according to our decision-making diagram. We demonstrate 2 clinical cases. Conclusions. In this paper, we explain why different surgical techniques should be offered to different patients considering their individual needs. Using this checklist and decision-making diagram the surgeon will be able to make individualized decisions before surgery, such as SMAS flap lift vector direction, the type of the platysma treatment or the need for deep platysmal structures approach and treatment. This work aims to reduce the likelihood of obtaining less satisfactory results by decreasing surgical errors and making the surgery faster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating what makes us different means verifying the richness of human diversity and understanding the enormous advantages that it brings to our species. For this reason, knowledge of diversity must lead to respect for the equal rights and duties of different individuals, whatever their differences. The Ibero-American Association for the Investigation of Individual Differences (AIIDI) promotes the investigation of individual differences in intelligence, abilities, temperament, and personality, as well as their related causes and factors. The conferences held annually aim to bring together researchers interested in these differences, promoting and sharing knowledge. Below are summaries of the papers presented at the XI AIIDI Conference, held on September 22 and 23, 2022, at the University of Malaga. In this edition we have had 48 presentations of empirical works focused on variables of personality, intelligence and health. All are quality studies that provide a panoramic view of current research topics in the field of human differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Spinal cord injury (SCI) in pediatric population is an extremely rare condition and only a few cases have been reported worldwide. SCI is complicated by long-term neurological sequelae and the need for ongoing medical care. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the etiology and the evolutionary patterns of pediatric SCI by providing a clinical case report. Materials and methods. The present paper has reported a clinical case of SCI (of unclear evolution) in a child, who was admitted to IMPH MCI (in may 2022), following a neurological and imaging examination (spinal MRI). Results: complaints - no movement in the lower extremities; from the anamnesis - the child was premature born with congenital heart disease - coarctation of the aorta in the isthmic site and was registered with cardiologists. In April 2022, the child underwent a heart surgery (resection of aortic coarctation with extended end-to-end anastomosis on the aortic arch). In the postoperative period, a few hours after the child woke up after anesthesia, flaccid lower paraplegia was found. Objective data - no movements in the lower limbs, hypotonia and areflexia in both lower limbs, as well as incontinence due to bladder and rectal sphincter dysfunction. Spinal MRI showed suggestive data for acute-subacute medullary cone (Th12 - L1) ischemia. The diagnosis of spinal cord ischemia secondary to aortic coarctation treatment was established. Conclusions. SCI is the rarest type of stroke reported in specialized literature, as well as one of the rarest complications that occurs following the aortic coarctation treatment. Early recognition of spinal stroke is significant for proper disease management and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since implementation, electroconvulsive therapy has remained very effective treatment in psychiatry. The aim of this study is to present the differences in its use in medical practice around the world. The range of diseases in which ECT is most commonly used and the frequency of its use in different countries were compared with special attention to the differences between highly and poorly developed countries. Material and method: Review of literature by searching PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the keywords: indications of ECT, frequency of ECT use for papers published from 1991 to 2021. Results: Among the diseases for which electroconvulsive therapy is used worldwide, major depression dominates, while in Asia and Africa this therapy is used in schizophrenia. In Latin America it is used primarily for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In Poland, it is used for depression, bipolar disorder, and fewer for schizophrenia. The highest rate of people treated with therapy per 100,000 population is found in countries such as the USA (51), Canada (23.2-25.6), Australia (37.85), Sweden (41), Finland (23), Slovakia (29.2), Estonia (27.8) and Belgium (47). Conclusions: There is a relationship between the range of diseases most frequently treated with ECT, the frequency of use and the level of country development. In the high developed countries, ECT is used mainly in major depression, in less developed countries more frequent treatment of schizophrenia may be determined by the high cost of medications and limited availability of hospital beds. The highest rates of use of this therapy are found in more developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to determine the landscape development trends of Central Lika and to analyze their interrelation with observed demographic inter-census changes. For this purpose, Landsat multispectral images and census data of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics were used for both observed years, and appropriate methods of analysis were selected. In the analysis of the satellite images, an approach was used that involves the use of data sets that are related to spring and autumn. Using the ENVI 4.7 computer programme, five classes were defined for each analyzed year: Built land, Forest, Water bodies, Arable land, Grass and shrubs, while five landscape development trends and their surface shares were identified based on their interrelation in the observed period (1 991 –2011 ): Unchanged (87.7 %), Extensification and vegetation succession (7.6 %), Intensification (2.8 %), Upbuilding (1.5 %), Water bodies (0.4 %). The obtained results showed that Upbuilding and Intensification are more represented in the central area, which is in line with the least negative demographic indicators, and with the process of urbanisation of the Town of Gospic. Extensification and vegetation succession is more prevalent in peripheral areas, where the most negative demographic indicators are more pronounced, which was found to be in line with the process of deruralisation and deagrarisation. By analyzing landscape development trends and the processes of the Central Lika landscape from different perspectives and aspects, this study allows for their better understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex interventions are needed to effectively tackle noncommunicable diseases. However, complex interventions can contain a mix of effective and ineffective actions. Process evaluation (PE) in public health research is of great value as it could clarify the mechanisms and contextual factors associated with variation in the outcomes, better identify effective components, and inform adaptation of the intervention. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the value of PE through five case studies that span the research cycle. The interventions include using digital health, salt reduction strategies, use of fixed dose combinations, and task shifting. Insights of the methods used, and the implications of the PE findings to the project, were discussed. PE of complex interventions can refute or confirm the hypothesized mechanisms of action, thereby enabling intervention refinement, and identifying implementation strategies that can address local contextual needs, so as to improve service delivery and public health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing salt intake is one of the most cost-effective interventions to improve population health due to the subsequent reductions in blood pressure. Countries are introducing programs to lower salt consumption. Such programs usually focus on reducing salt in packaged foods and meals alongside campaigns to change consumer behavior. Thus, this paper provides an overview of the rationale for and evidence supporting the use of salt substitutes. Current approaches to salt reduction are insufficient, and more innovative solutions need to be identified. There is good evidence that salt substitutes, where some of the sodium is replaced with potassium, are effective to lower sodium total intake. The main challenge is to understand the pathways to market for salt substitutes. How do we implement programs to promote salt substitutes in different countries What levels of government intervention are required? With more research and government investment, salt substitutes could be a game changer for increasing the impact of strategies to reduce population salt intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: One of the best radiotherapy methods that have been suggested for the treatment of cancers such as brain, head and neck, skin, and recently liver is boron neutron capture therapy. Therefore, neutron shielding in the treatment room is important because the absorption of neutrons in the shield may lead to the production of gamma rays, which can have destructive effects. While an increase in density of the elements used in the shield is generally sufficient for gamma radiation shielding, protection against neutrons is more complicated. It is due to variations in neutron interactions with the matter based on their kinetic energy and reaction cross-sections with the shield component atoms. Methods: In this paper, it will be developed a neutron shield that is a proper shield against ionizing radiation, which will be accomplished via the use of experiment-based optimization of materials backed by Monte Carlo simulations. Also, the neutron shielding characteristics of conventional and heavy-weight shields modified with epoxy resin and gadolinium oxide was investigated. The shielding effectiveness against neutrons was initially modelled using the MCNP code. In the end, the comparison of MCNP simulated results and the real experiment was presented. Results: Gadolinium is an efficient additive for weakening low-energy neutrons, but it does not have a good effect in terms of shielding against fast neutrons. Also, Epoxy resin improves the shielding property of the composite against neutron radiation. Conclusion: The results show that the addition of the polymers used in composite shielding and the proposed method for developing the neutron shield can improve the shielding characteristics for neutron beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overview of Mozambican poetry during the 20th century, highlighting some significant moments in the literature of that African country (in the colonial and national phases). It discusses the literary purposes of writers who produced their work in the colonial and national phases, seeking to situate them within the scope of the cultural resistance that marked the last years of the colonization of Mozambique, trying to trace the paths of Mozambican poetry in its pre-independence and early post-independence years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the main characters of the last play by Portuguese playwright António José da Silva (1705-1739) - Precipício de Faetonte [Phaeton's Fall] (1738), with which the main characters of his penultimate play, As variedades de Proteu [Proteus varieties] (1737), are sometimes compared. As mythological characters, we trace the characters' construction of Faetonte and Egéria in the predecessor Classical and Iberian literature, to identify the mythical roots appropriated by Silva in his dramaturgy. In order to compare Faetonte's character construction, we also have searched for references about Proteu, in the homonymous work. As these myths are very sparse in the Greco-Latin tradition, we searched ancient authors who mentioned these characters. By comparing this corpus with the ancient texts and other plays by Silva, we realized that he achieved creative emancipation when dealing with lesser-known myths in the 18th-century Portuguese imaginary, which also allowed him greater flexibility in dealing with the precepts that govern the tragicomic genre, to which his writing adheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an analysis of Adília Lopes' poetry, arguing how the act of reading, from the perspective of the contemporary archive, deconstructs the original meanings to create new textual events. In Adília's rewriting processes, the appropriation and deviation practices of archives that reveal many different ways of reading stand out. The displacement of quotations and the mosaic of discourse fragments and memories constitute a sampled poetic as well as a figuration of a collector poet. It demonstrates how, in her writing, the act of reassembling and repurposing quotations promotes, through ironic deviation, a poetics of "unoriginal genius", as proposed by Marjorie Perloff, and/or a "uncreative writing", as in Kenneth Goldsmith's perspective, or or even a reading work, following Roland Barthes' notion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the field of Latin American narco-literature, women have been commonly portrayed as survivors of both narco and poverty environments, while simultaneously being left out of the main narrative and depicted mostly by male authors. This paper aims to analyze affective representation in the novel Perra Brava (2010), written by the Mexican author Orfa Alarcón, emphasizing the acts of violence carried out by the protagonist, which emerge after a process of personal transformation and are motivated by affections that overwhelm her. It is worth shedding light on the predominant affective dimension present in the novel since it points out a new way of representing violence and crimes in narco-literature, which has not been fully studied in the research related to the narco phenomenon so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore some of the links between language, violence and the ordinary through El silencio de la voz de todas quiebra (1999). This bookwas one of the first thorough investigations carried out about the feminicides in Ciudad Juárez. After considering, alongside Roberto Bolaño, Rita Segato and Veena Das, the way in which silence and secret are inscribed in the grammar of feminicide, I will show how both seep into the accounts given by the mothers and other family members of the murdered young women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an overview of new trends in camping tourism in Croatia and the world, with an emphasis on glamping and family camps. After the historical review of the development of camping and glamping tourism, there is an overview of the situation in Croatian camping tourism. The analysis of the existing scientific and professional literature presents an overview of previous research on camping and glamping tourism and the problems that camping tourism researchers face. In the final part of the paper, the emphasis is on the predictions of scientists about the future of camping tourism. The methods used throughout the work are: analysis and synthesis method, statistical method, and compilation method. Camping tourism is experiencing significant changes today, due to the maturity of the Mediterranean offer, such as the emergence of glamping as a luxurious and more expensive form. Croatian camping tourism, despite the significant share of campsites in the overall structure of accommodation capacities, notes a lack of research and the authors dealing with new trends in camping tourism and families, but also low utilization by resident tourists. At the same time, the County of Istria is registering an increase in the number of campers as well as in the demand for glamping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: The consequences of the NATO aggression on the Republic of Serbia (then part of FR Yugoslavia) in 1999 are still being considered, especially from the aspect of the use of illicit means such as cluster and graphite bombs, depleted uranium ammunition (DUA), etc. There is no doubt that the use of depleted uranium, as a type of weapon of mass destruction (radiological weapon) is mostly in the focus of public interest. The amount of DUA used and the consequences of its use have not yet been fully proven (even after 20 years), but it can be said with certainty that it has caused certain side effects. The units of the Yugoslav Army at that time were mostly the target of this type of ammunition and certainly suffered the greatest consequences. However, DUA also targeted infrastructure facilities, base stations, television transmitters, and agricultural land. Methods: Special scientific methods (mainly analysis and synthesis methods) and empirical methods (content analysis method and observation method) were used in the paper. Results: The consequences of the effect of DUA on people, material goods, and environmental degradation are considered as well as the directions of further work in this area. Conclusion: The paper presents the results of the radiological reconnaissance and radiological decontamination of the contaminated DUA areas, which were carried out by ABH service units (then ABHO) with the help of other branches and services of the Serbian Army, as well as the institutions of the Republic of Serbia (INS „Vinča“, MMA, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The map named Carta Geographica deProjecçaõ Espherica Orthogonal da Nova Lusitania ou America Portugueza e Estado do Brazil from 1 798, together with its 1 795 (?), 1 797 and 1 803 versions, is undoubtedly one of the cartographic monuments developed by Portuguese cartography from the late eighteenth century. Its organizer was the geographer, astronomer, and frigate captain Antonio Pires da Silva Pontes Leme, who relied on the work of 34 people, including astronomers, geographers, and engineers, who, although only mentioned in the 1 798 version, contributed to the creation of all versions. All of them are similar in appearance, but differ in size, content, details, amount, and distribution of toponyms, which will be the subject of another paper. The greatest similarity, however, concerns the defined map projection. The objective of this paper is to analyse and present the possible hypotheses and conclusions about which map projection was adopted for all versions of Nova Lusitania, through the identification of characteristics that allowed to infer and prove the adopted projection. The applied methodology verified that in the bibliographic search, the information about the map structure is insufficient. An article presented by General Djalma Polli Coelho in October 1 950 states that the projection suggested by its title, as orthogonal spherical, appeared to be the Sanson-Flamsteed equal-area projection. However, the expression Carta Geographica de Projecçaõ Espherica Orthogonal allows us to infer also the transverse orthographic projection. Through parameters defined for the two projections, it was possible to establish the comparative elements for a cartographic analysis, which would allow us to conclude and prove the structure adopted for the map, allowing to conclude if the adopted projection for the Nova Lusitania was an azimuthal orthographic equatorial projection, or a Sanson-Flamsteed, sinusoidal projection on the meridian 31 5°, defined west-east, (counterclockwise), from the El Hierro (Ferro) Island. This meridian is referenced approx. -62°39'46" off the Greenwich meridian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the concept of oral traditions (oral literature) in Africa, and its relevance to human development. It draws attention to the richness of indigenous knowledge contained in oral literature and demonstrates how the characters of individuals within a community can be molded by the values embedded in oral literature. The paper argues that the issue with development, especially in Africa, is that it is often seen only from the viewpoint of industrialization or productivity, thereby neglecting the need to transform the human mind. Oral literature is at the center of human development because, like the function of literature itself, it promotes ethically driven actions, by educating on what ought to be and not just what is. It concludes that any discussion on development and social change in Africa, and possibly beyond, will be incomplete if adequate attention is not given to the oral literature or traditions of the African people. Every knowledge-led development strategy of any nation must be built on a solid foundational core of an understanding of values. As Africans, to craft a better future, we need to understand the lessons of our past, and this is to be achieved by a reconsideration of the values and principles enshrined in the oral traditions of these communities and cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnological, anthropological, philosophical and philological studies, along with contributions of Religious Studies, have long ago identified a set of myths and rites which seem to defy history and cultural bars, that is, which go far beyond the time and space framework from which they came. This paper shows how some of these archetypes are present in African cultures, notwithstanding the hermeneutical prejudices some European scholars showed about them. A particular attention will be displayed on rites. Considering the vastness and richness of African cultures, the paper will focus on just some Northern Africa and Sub-Saharan cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]