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Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Determine the relationship of personal characteristics with the quality of life in elderly people who care for their grandchildren from northern and southwestern Mexico. Method: Descriptive-correlational and comparative method, using a sample of 326 older adults who take care of their grandchildren; this sample was collected through convenience sampling and making sure that people met the inclusion criteria. A personal data card and the self-perceived quality of life scale were applied in elderly people in the community (α=0.93). The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics such as U Mann-Whitney, Chi Square, and Spearman tests. It was approved by the Ethics Committee, in compliance with national and international regulations. Results: The population had an M of 68.56 years, being 54.9% male and 45.1% female, with one M of 9.10 hours of care of the grandchild. The association of quality of life with the geographical area of Mexico was found (Chi=35,695, p<0.05). The relationship between age (r=-0,155) and number of children (r=-0,279) and quality of life was seen. Conclusions: It was seen that the older the age and number of children, the lower the quality of life. Similarly, quality of life is associated with the geographical area. It is recommended that care be given within physical, psychological, and social health of this vulnerable group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ploutarkhos is the property of International Plutarch Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Biociências is the property of Revista Biociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lichens are complex associations constituted mainly by a mycobiont and a photobiont, several analyzes have shown the presence of bacteria associated with said symbiosis, however, in Guanajuato, research at this level is scarce. The objective of this study was to isolate and molecularly identify bacteria of different genera associated with lichens in the state of Guanajuato. A random sampling of 21 lichens was carried out in the protected natural area "Las Palomas" and they were identified morphologically and chemically, from these the bacteria were isolated and identified in different solid culture media. The isolates obtained were identified by Gram staining and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. 8 foliose lichens, 7 fruticose and 6 crustose, were recorded, of which the genera Punctelia, Cladonia and Lepraria stand out. Of the 34 isolated bacterial strains, the Proteobacteria phylum was found to be the most abundant (58.82%), followed by Firmicutes (32.35%) and Actinobacteria (8.82%), mainly from foliose and fruticose lichens. Genera such as Mesorhizobium sp. and Stutzerimonas sp. The description of bacteria associated to lichens contributes to the knowledge of the probable functions that they perform within lichens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agrociencia is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Here we describe the immature stages and seed-carrying and feeding behaviors of Melanaethus crenatus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Cydninae: Geotomini), based on 4 sampling dates from 2009 through 2011. Adult females of this species move seeds of its host plant, Richardia scabra L. (Rubiales: Rubiaceae), to small cavities under small rocks for feeding; these cavities in some cases correspond to oviposition sites where nymphs also feed on the seeds. All instars of Melanaethus crenatus are described and illustrated for the first time. This species is associated with dry oak forest and lives under rocks. This record probably represents an intermediate behavior between nonparental and parental care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2010, 419 million 273 thousand liters of milk were produced in the State of Hidalgo, 3.9 % of the national milk output. Three main dairy basins are found in this State, Tizayuca, Tulancingo and Mezquital, and each one of them shows special characteristics which determine, among other issues, marketing channels. The purpose of the present study was to perform a comparison of standard quality milk between basins. As a conclusion, when milk produced in Hidalgo was graded in accordance with international standards, it was found of excellent industrial quality, lacking in hygiene and possibly altered with water. When basins were compared against each other, a basin effect was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inflammation of the udder is known as mastitis and despite the economic impact that it causes in goats, very scarce information exist about this problem in Mexico. The aim of this study was to identify bacteria in raw milk from clinically healthy goats in intensive and semi-intensive production systems, through traditional microbiological methods. Twenty eight (28) animals from intensive production system and 33 animals from a semi-intensive production system were sampled from the Centro de Enseñanza Investigación y Extensión en Producción Animal en Altiplano (CEIEPAAFMVZ- UNAM) and Granja del Carmen both located in Tequisquiapan, Querétaro, México. The samples were obtained from both glands of each goat. The sampling was made to the selected goats every 45 d along the California mastitis test until 240 lactation days. A total of 484 samples were obtained for the traditional bacteriological analysis, 90 samples (18.60 %) were positive to bacterial growth of which 97 isolates were recovered. The most frequently bacteria isolated were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (SCN) 62/97 (63.92 %), Streptococcus uberis 10/97 (10.31 %) and Staphylococcus aureus 5/97 (5.15 %). According to the statistical analysis, there are no differences between the two main bacterial genus isolated in intensive and semi-intensive production systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the main viral agents that infect sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). SCMV detection in Mexico has been based on typical symptomatology of the disease, which is not conclusive. Additionally, there is limited information about their phylogenetic origin. The objective of this work was to detect the presence and distribution of SCMV in the sugarcane growing areas of the Mexican Pacific using RT-PCR, and to determine the phylogenetic origin of one isolate from Jalisco. The results showed the wide distribution of SCMV in sugarcane areas of the Mexican Pacific. The virus was found in 33 of the 242 samples analyzed, corresponding to 13.63%. The varieties Mex 69-290 and CP 72-2086 presented the most severe mosaic symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis using partial HC-Pro sequences of SCMV isolate from Jalisco (JalMex-126) suggests a close relationship with isolates from India, Australia, China and Argentina, and thus likely share a common genetic origin and have been dispersed to through infected sugarcane germplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was assessing factors which influence adoption of innovation by producers of dual purpose cattle. By means of non-stochastic selection of 121 farmers who participated in the support program of SAGARPA in 2010-2011, three definite groups of producers applying different technology levels (high, intermediate and low) in their enterprises were identified through statistical positioning methods. Variables affecting implementation of their technology practices were determined via analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Average adoption of innovations was significant (P<0.05) for differentiating producer groups, while significant variables (P<0.05) for description were number of adult cows, distance from production unit to municipality, method of reproduction, types of milking and years of receiving technical assistance. As a conclusion, it is worth mentioning that the typology applied made possible to identify three groups of producers according to adoption of technological innovations. In each group, factors which influence the adoption of innovations were related to variables of scale, location, technology and innovation. Results obtained may serve to refocus and draw up technology transfer programs in dual purpose cattle production systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, there is an ecological deterioration caused in part by the inadequate management of natural resources. In order to collaborate in the reduction of this ecological deterioration in the soils and the environment, the objective of the work was to design an accessible vermicompost screening machine that is adaptable to the needs and requirements of small producers of this organic fertilizer in the country, so the calculation was made for the design of the main systems of the machine that are the fertilizer dosing system, the screening system and the power transmission system, developing the deployment of the QFD quality function that allows considering the demands and requirements to be satisfied, in the generation and selection of concepts and / or proposals for design, thereby improving the quality of the design. A vermicompost screening machine was designed which will make it possible to speed up and improve the working conditions in the production of this compost, thus obtaining a production of screened compost greater than that achieved manually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main phytosanitary problems are root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. The use of Verbesina sphaerocephala could substitute the use of chemical nematicides. The objective of this research was to test whether aqueous extracts of V. sphaerocephala promote development and reduce the damage caused by M. incognita in Cucumis sativus. Seven treatments were evaluated in C. sativus plants grown in pots under greenhouse conditions: control plants without nematodes, plants with nematodes, with nematodes + carbofuran, with nematodes + Trichoderma, with nematodes + extract of V. sphaerocephala (concentration at 10, 15 and 20%). Three evaluations were carried out to estimate plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll concentration, number of leaves and flowers, length and weight of roots, galling index, root eggs and larvae in the soil. The results showed that the extracts of V. sphaerocephala at 10 and 15% promoted the growth of the plants and decreased the root galling indices and the number of larvae of M. incognita in the soil. The extracts of V. sphaerocephala can be a biological potential to minimize problems caused by M. incognita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the research carried out at the Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics of the University San Carlos de Guatemala, where different weir Cipolleti were built with different values of base (b) in the range of 5-60 centimeters. A polynomial model of second order to estimate the parameters K and n of the exponential equation to estimate the flow and potential for discharge coefficient Cd function was found. The model to estimate the theoretical flow rate suggested by the hydraulics and hydrometrics manual and the one obtained by SPSS statistical program presented the highest relative errors; however, the rest of the tested models showed a good correlation with the observed flow rates of error less than 2%. The general experimental model relating discharge coefficient obtained reliable values for all evaluated widths and load heights (H) between 4 and 10 centimeters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]