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Interspecific hybrid materials obtained from crosses between cultivated sunflower and some accessions of wild species of the genus Helianthus were studied. Samples of the annual wild species Helianthus annuus (w.f.), H. argophyllus and the perennial hexaploid species H.resinosus were used as paternal parents. In the crosses, five CMS lines, developed at DАI-General Toshevo, were used as the maternal parents. The embryo rescue method was applied to obtain hybrid seeds from the cross 830A x GT-M-046 (H. resinosus Small (2n=102). By applying the hybridization scheme “cultivated sunflower x wild species”, a sufficient amount of seeds were obtained for further morphological, phenological, biochemical and phytopathological studies of the hybrid progenies. The content of oil and oleic acid in the seeds was determined. Interspecific forms characterized with highest content of oil and oleic acid in the seeds were obtained from crosses 4499A x GT-E- 166, 4499A x GT-E-122, 830A x GT-E- 171, 4499A x GT-E-153, 3607A x GT-E- 046, 217A x GT-E-122 and 217A x GT-E- 126. The obtained hybrid materials can be successfully used as an initial breeding material to enrich the genetic plasma of cultivated sunflower and create high oleic lines and hybrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid composite made of aluminum matrix reinforced with alumina and graphite particles was prepared by vortex casting and centrifugal casting and its tribological behavior was investigated. The wear test was performed with a sliding speed of 60 cm/s and a force of 30 N. The results showed that by adding graphite and alumina to the aluminum matrix, the wear resistance of the hybrid composite increased. The amount of graphite in the hybrid composite has a great effect on the wear rate, so that adding it up to an optimal amount leads to a decrease in the wear rate and its further increase leads to an increase in the wear rate. With the presence of alumina particles, hardness decreased and wear resistance increased. The Al-Al2O3-Gr hybrid composite showed a much better wear rate than the matrix alloy as well as the Al-Gr composite. Al-Gr composite had a higher wear rate than the matrix alloy due to the high amount of graphite and the absence of alumina particles. The results of scanning electron microscope at the wear surface showed that in the matrix alloy, the wear mechanism is a combination of adhesive, scratching and indentation mechanisms, while in composites, the dominant wear mechanism is scratching and indentation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trying to eradicate foodborne diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, the use of plant-origin polyphenolic compounds has been proposed. Tannic acid (TA) is a hydrolysable tannin used as a food additive with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The protection of these biological functions from environmental conditions, can be carried out by Zn/Al layered double hydroxides (Zn/Al-LDH) as inorganic vectors. In this sense, the synthesis of a hybrid material composed of Zn/Al-LDH with ZnO nanoparticles and TA (Zn/Al-LDH-ZnO-TA) was carried out. This nanohybrid was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS). Using the microdilution plate technique, Zn/Al-LDH-ZnO-TA evidenced bacterial growth inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Salmonella Enteritidis strains. In addition, the nanohybrid revealed the presence of TA by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP antioxidant techniques [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Computerized Dentistry is the property of Quintessence Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Computerized Dentistry is the property of Quintessence Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)