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Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recently, the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii have generated important economic losses (65%) in worldwide agriculture. In the present study, the nematocidal activity of the PdR-2 fraction of Pleurotus djamor was evaluated against the second instar juvenile (J2) of M. enterolobii. Different concentrations of the PdR-2 fraction (0.039, 0.078, 0.156, 0.132, 0.625, and 1.25 mg mL-1) were evaluated, as well as the respective control groups (water and Levamisole Recently, the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii have generated important economic losses (65%) in worldwide agriculture. In the present study, the nematocidal activity of the PdR-2 fraction of Pleurotus djamor was evaluated against the second instar juvenile (J2) of M. enterolobii. Different concentrations of the PdR-2 fraction (0.039, 0.078, 0.156, 0.132, 0.625, and 1.25 mg mL-1) were evaluated, as well as the respective control groups (water and Levamisole [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biocompounds present in various edible fungi of the basidiomycetes family such as Hericium erinaceus, Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus eryngii have lead to a great interest because they have been reported to have beneficial properties for health. There are various methods for the extraction of biocompounds, in which the majority is needed the use of thermal methods which affect the action of biocompounds, the objective of this work was the application of the process of the physical method of sonication, a friendly method with the environment, the amount of total soluble solids and its relationship with the antioxidant, antimicrobiological action against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and laccase enzymatic. For the extraction of the sample, the dehydrated fruiting fungus was used after sonication and removal of solvents, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by colorimetric methods: DPPH and ABTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild fungi are well-defined organisms in which a wide range of macromycete species are incorporated, which are located in particular areas of the natural environment such as forests with an extensive variety, which have had a relevant meaning through thousands of years for different cultures, used for different purposes such as it is mainly a source of food and after that it has also been given a therapeutic and medicinal use to prevent or treat a series of various ailments such as immunodeficiency, cancer, inflammation, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, obesity among others. Therefore, in this document, a review of the registered data of different specimens of fungi used in traditional medicine was carried out and that today natural alternatives are sought through biotechnology for modern medicine such as Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom), Flammulina velutipes (enoki mushroom), Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom), Pleurotus spp, Ganoderma lingzhi–G. sichuanense (Lingzhi or Reishi) and Inonotus obliquus (Chaga), in order to gather information to locate which are the species of these organisms that have a medicinal use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanin is a biopolymer synthesized by most living beings, is product of the polymerization of available polyphenols oxidized by the action of enzymes with polyphenol oxidase activity, it has a very complex structure, this gives the molecule a series of biological characteristics and properties that could have health benefits such as metal chelating activity. that depending on the structure, it will have greater efficiency on some metals or not depending on the organism from which it was extracted, 3 of the most common mushrooms in the Mexican diet were compared, such as mushrooms, huitlacoche and Pleurotus ostreatus. For copper, it was the pigment obtained from Pleurotus that showed the highest activity, having 47.55µg/mL of trolox, while that from mushroom and huitlacoche obtained 24.58 and 5.55µg/mL of trolox, respectively, measured by the CUPRAC method. For iron, the one obtained from huitlacoche was the highest with 88.47%, while the one from mushroom and Pleurotus have less activity with 64.7% and 36.54% respectively measured by the method with ferrozine. In conclusion, the pigments have the exchange of electrons for the chelation reaction, due to their structure and also at higher concentrations, more chelating activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of Pleurotus djamor, commonly known as pink mushroom, has great importance given its nutritional, biotechnological and economic contribution; it is necessary to find effective and simple procedures to cultivate this fungus. The biological efficiency (EB) and the production rate (TP) of P. djamor (HEMIM-104) cultivated in 90% corn stubble and 10% wheat bran were evaluated and compared using three techniques: 1) sterilization, with 70% humidity the substrate was sterilized at 121°C for two hours in autoclave; 2) thermal pasteurization, the substrate was placed in 80 liters of water at 80°C on fire, 0.66% lime, 0.33% plaster and 0.66% chlorine for one hour and 15 minutes; and 3) chemical pasteurization, the substrate was immersed for 24 hours in 75 liters of water, 1.5% lime and 0.66% chlorine. Six bags per treatment were inoculated with P. djamor seed. An EB of 150.17% and a TP of 2.26 were obtained, in the sterilization; EB of 131.27% and TP of 1.78, in thermal pasteurization; and EB of 94.71% and TP of 1.41, in chemical pasteurization. It was shown that the three substrate sanitation techniques are efficient for cultivating P. djamor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleurotus eryngii is a fungus highly appreciated for having excellent organoleptic characteristics and a high nutritional value, contains: dietary fibers (4.64%), carbohydrates (9.6%), proteins (1.88-2.65%), amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid and arginine), vitamins (A, B1, B2, C and D) and minerals (Ca, Mg, Na and K). It has been reported from 7% to 93% biological efficiency (EB) in its crop. The EB and the production rate (TP) were evaluated using a mixture of agroforestry substrates (40% corn cub, 25% coconut fiber, 25% corn stubble and 10% wheat bran). The substrates were hydrated for 30 minutes with hot water, drained to 70% moisture and then placed 1,500 grams in six polypropylene filter bags that were sterilized at 121°C for two hours. They were allowed to cool, inoculated with wheat grains invaded by the mycelium of P. eryngii (HEMIM-139) and incubated at 22 ± 4°C. After 81 days the basidiomas were harvested. On average, 10 fruits were obtained per bag, total weight 569.2 grams, EB 142.8% and TP 1.6. The mixture used was shown to be effective in increasing the EB of P. eryngii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleurotus eryngii is a fungus of great interest for its nutritional properties and its biotechnological potential; it is used for its bioactive agents as immunomodulators. Mycelial growth of three strains of P. eryngii (HEMIM-130, HEMIM-139 and HEMIM-169) was evaluated on three mixtures of lignocellulosic substrates: I) 40% corn cob (OM), 25% coconut fiber (FC), 25% corn stubble (RM) and 10% wheat bran (ST); II) 40% rice straw, 25% OM, 25% FC and 10% ST; and III) 40% FC, 25% rice husk, 25% peanut husk and 10% ST. The mixtures were hydrated for 30 minutes, drained at 70% humidity, placed in petri boxes, and sterilized at 121°C for two hours; finally, they were inoculated with the three strains. In mixture III the fastest growth was obtained: 0.01414 millimeters per hour (mm/h), 0.01577 mm/h, 0.0135 mm/h for HEMIM-130, HEMIM-139 and HEMIM-169, respectively. Mixtures I and II favored mycelial density in all three strains while mycelium was cottony in all mixtures. Creeping and white mycelium was observed in mixtures without difference between strains. It was shown that the mixtures are favorable for the growth of P. eryngii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edible fungi can be found growing wild in nature, being a self-supporting food, the human has developed fungi-culture (cultivation of fungi in controlled environments). It grew to Pleurotus djamor using oat straw (control) (T1), made combinations of oat straw with cedar sawdust (T2), oak sawdust (T3), peanut husks (T4), corn olote (T5) and corn leaf (T6). The best growth substrate for P. djamor was T6 obtaining a biological efficiency (BE) of 76%, followed by T1 with 64.9%. They have indicated that an acceptable EB of this fungus is from 40%, minimum value for the crop to be economically profitable, The best substrates are available in the State, since they are agro-industrial waste, so they are a cost-effective alternative and in turn when used have environmental and socio-economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science is the property of Chinese Society of Animal Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science is the property of Chinese Society of Animal Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)