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The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of board characteristics and company size on tax transparency. Tax transparency means properly measuring, presenting and disclosing the amount of tax in the financial statements. Tax transparency, in addition to the proper fulfillment of the company's social responsibility (from the perspective of identifying and paying tax obligations according to the tax law), will help the investors and tax system policymakers to make appropriate decisions. In this research, tax transparency was measured with five criteria (disclosure of tax status, absence of material distortions in tax reserve, absence of significant ambiguity regarding taxes, absence of material annual adjustments for tax, and speed in determining the final tax filing). Also, the effect of the board characteristics on two levels, including the level of the components of board characteristics (size, independence and financial knowledge of the board, the non-executive chairman and the non-duality of the role of the CEO) and the level of the combined criteria of characteristics, were tested with the correlation research method. Results showed that the combined measure of the characteristics has a direct impact on tax transparency. At the component level, the size and financial knowledge of the board have a direct impact, but independence of the board, non-duality of the CEO's role, and the non-executive chairman do not have a significant impact on tax transparency; Company size also has no significant effect on tax transparency.

Objective: The Audit Committee, as one of the corporate governance oversight committees in listed companies, has become a very important factor in the financial reporting process to increase the credibility of financial reports. Therefore, the audit committee needs to hold meetings to perform its duties, and so far Limited research has been done to examine the factors affecting the number of meetings of the audit committee. This study sought to investigate factors influencing the number of meetings of the audit committees held in companies enlisted in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This study specifically aims to examine whether the number of meetings of the audit committees is affected by factors such as ownership concentration, board size, board independence, audit committee size, audit committee independence, and audit committee financial experience. Methods: Accordingly, the financial statements of 150 companies enlisted in the TSE during the eight-year period from 2013 to 2020 were analyzed. To test the research hypotheses, Tobit regression model with combined data method and random effects method was used. Results: Testing the research hypotheses showed that the concentration of ownership, size of the board, independence of the board, size of the audit committee, and independence of the audit committee have a significant positive effect on the number of meetings of the audit committees. The results also showed that the financial expertise of the audit committees has a significant negative effect on the number of their meetings. Conclusion: The results indicated with increasing ownership concentration want more supervision over managers' performance and the number of audit committee meetings increases. In addition, any increase in the size of the board, the independence of the board, the size of the audit committee, and the independence of the audit committee as criteria for corporate governance increases the number of meetings of the audit committee. This is while any increase in financial expertise of the members of the audit committee, ends in a decrease in the need to convene the number of meetings of the audit committee.

Objective: The Audit Committee, as one of the corporate governance oversight committees in listed companies, has become a very important factor in the financial reporting process to increase the credibility of financial reports. Therefore, the audit committee needs to hold meetings to perform its duties, and so far Limited research has been done to examine the factors affecting the number of meetings of the audit committee. This study sought to investigate factors influencing the number of meetings of the audit committees held in companies enlisted in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This study specifically aims to examine whether the number of meetings of the audit committees is affected by factors such as ownership concentration, board size, board independence, audit committee size, audit committee independence, and audit committee financial experience. Methods: Accordingly, the financial statements of 150 companies enlisted in the TSE during the eight-year period from 2013 to 2020 were analyzed. To test the research hypotheses, Tobit regression model with combined data method and random effects method was used. Results: Testing the research hypotheses showed that the concentration of ownership, size of the board, independence of the board, size of the audit committee, and independence of the audit committee have a significant positive effect on the number of meetings of the audit committees. The results also showed that the financial expertise of the audit committees has a significant negative effect on the number of their meetings. Conclusion: The results indicated with increasing ownership concentration want more supervision over managers' performance and the number of audit committee meetings increases. In addition, any increase in the size of the board, the independence of the board, the size of the audit committee, and the independence of the audit committee as criteria for corporate governance increases the number of meetings of the audit committee. This is while any increase in financial expertise of the members of the audit committee, ends in a decrease in the need to convene the number of meetings of the audit committee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the extent of voluntary disclosure in annual reports of 213 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) for the period 1388 to 1389. In this study, to measure the level of voluntary disclosure in annual reports, an un-weighted disclosure index of 50 voluntary items has been used. We also used the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model to test the research hypotheses. The empirical results indicate that there is positive and statistically significant relationship between institutional ownership and voluntary disclosure. We did not find statistically significant relationships between the extent of voluntary disclosure and any of board characteristics, directors’ ownership, and block holders’ ownership. In fact institutional ownership is represented as the factor that causes firms to disclose information voluntarily. This study provides empirical evidence assisting regulators to enforce new policies to improve the quality of financial reporting.

The main purpose of this paper is empirically investigating the impact of board characteristics on financial restatement of listed companies in Tehran stock exchange (TSE). Therefore, in this study a sample of 97 from the listed companies in TSE between 2004 to 2010, are selected. The magnitude of restatement is measured by amount of net income restatement; and board size, the percentage of independent directors and the chairman and CEO/chair duality are selected as board characteristics. In conducting this research, two main hypothesises are proposed. For testing the hypotheses logistic and multiple linear regression analysis are conducted. Results show that there is no relationship between board characteristics and restatement event. Also, board size does not have significant relationships with magnitude of restatement; however, there is a significant negative relationship between the percentage of non-executive directors and separation of the chairman and managing director/chair duality with magnitude of restatement. In other words, the more the independent board, the lesser restatement magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]