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One of the most astonishing achievements of humanity in recent decades is the interventions and manipulations carried out by scientists in the field of genetics. By discovering modern gene-editing technology, specialists have gained the ability to treat diseases by removing or editing undesirable and disease-causing genes in the human body or to instill desirable traits in individuals. The ruling on the permissibility or prohibition of such practices remains ambiguous and is a subject of debate among contemporary jurists. This study, using a descriptive-analytical method, examines the legitimacy of genetic interventions in humans by exploring the views of both opposing and supportive jurists. The findings suggest that the permissibility of genetic optimization can be justified with arguments such as the principle of permissibility (Asl al-Ibaha), the principle of treatment and healing, the rule of preserving life (Hifz al-Nafs), the rule of authority (Taslit), and the application of secondary rulings (Ahkam al-Thaniyah). Consequently, the study concludes that necessary changes in the human genome—whether in the area of gender or otherwise—are permissible under certain conditions, provided they are accompanied by therapeutic purposes, yield rational benefits, and promote the physical or psychological development of the fetus after birth. Additionally, the study recommends the establishment of regulations and supervisory laws over this technology.

One of the new issues in the field of medical fertility is the use of molecular biotechnology in the correction of genetic diseases by artificial insemination of two different eggs in which the defective egg nucleus is isolated and implanted in the cytoplasm of an egg taken from another woman. It is then inoculated with male sperm. In this research, which is done by inferential method, the reasons that may be presented to prove the sanctity and prohibition of genetic interventions are reviewed and then by determining the reference principle and explaining the reasons for the legitimacy of treatment, explaining the jurisprudential criteria and rules of grammar. Genetics deals with the repair of eggs in the process of human reproduction, and it becomes clear that, according to the first principle, genetic modification is not in itself an obstacle if it is intended to correct physical defects or cure disease. And any genetic engineering or operation that poses a risk of possible birth defects or defective changes in human existence will not be permissible.