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Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of electrolyte and ABG abnormalities in infants with HPS and also we evaluate other parameters of the study. ‎ Materials and Methods: This descriptive study covers 161 infants with HPS hospitalized in children Medical center of Tehran university underwent surgical repair from march 1996 to march 2002 . ‎ Results & Conclusion: The results indicated that Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis had occurred in 40% of patients. ‎The sex ratio was 3/1 =M/F and the most time of presentation was between 15t and 5st week and the most presenting sign was vomiting. Clinical icter happened to be found in 15% of patients. The incidence of accompanying anomalies was 9% and olive sign was palpable in 40%. ‎The best way for evaluating and diagnosis was sonography. ‎The mean period to begin postoperative feeding was 30 hours' no complication related to option was reported after operation.

Background: Mediastinum includes the vital organs like the heart the major respiratory passages and the major vessels due to this vicinity, the masses of this area with malignant or benign etiology or cause systemic diseases such as metastatic malignancies or granulomatous reactions can be potentially fatal. Materials and Methods: According to the priority of the problem, a ten years comprehensive retrospectively study of mediastinal masses in children was conducted In children medical Center (Tehran University) from the points of view of incidence, clinical manifestations and diagnostic and treating ways. Results & Conclusion: In our study there were 34 patients from 1992-2002 who were reviewed. No differences between boys and girls with mediastinal masses were observrd. The most prevalence age for mediastinal tumors was form 5-10 years (38%). The most prevalent sign was fever (53%) and the most common symptom was coughing (44.4%). Basesd on this research, mediastinal masses have been the most prevalent finding in chest radiography (53.8%). CT-Scan with double contrast was recognized as the most common and easiest ways for diagnosing masses. Anterior masses were the most common finding in our study (41.7%). Most of these masses were removed by surgery and the most common operation in our patients was thoracotomy and removing the masses (61.7%). Lymphoma was the most common masses (35.2%) and masses with neural orgins occupy the second grade. According to available documents and with regard to mean follow up of patients in 3.2 years the rate of survival was 54%.

Background and Objective: Dissection of the axillary lymph nodes is considered as one of the common measures in management of breast cancer. Edema and limitation in hand movement are accompanied with dissection of axillary lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy can be used to evaluate axillary metastasis. This study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic value of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 30 selected patients with breast cancer less than 5 cm without any involvement of axillary lymph nodes in Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, North-East of Iran during 2009 -10. Initially, the lymphoscintigraphy was performed. Subsequently, prior, to the surgery, the blue dye as a marker was injected for detecting sentinel lymph node and with the use of probe gamma counter and observing blue color on lymph nodes, the sentinel node was determined and separated. Finally, axillary dissection was performed for removing the lymph nodes of I and II level in all patients. Results: Among 30 patients who were evaluated for sentinel lymph nodes and axillary dissection, false negative were observed only in two cases (6.6 %). The sensitivity rate was determined to be 84.6%. Conclusion: Considering the high success rate of detection of sentinel lymph node and limited false negative cases, sentinel lymph node biopsy is recommended in cases of breast cancer without axillary involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Epilepsy has a lot of physical and psychosocial consequences for patients. The propose of this research was to determine the efficacy of cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBT) with focus on dysfunctional attitudes related to epilepsy on quality of life in patients with intractable epilepsy. Method: Twenty patients with chronic and poorly controlled seizures were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. CBT during 8 weekly sessions was applied for the experimental group with a focus on cognitive restructuring, modification cognitive distortions and training of behavioral techniques. Quality of life in epilepsy scale (QOLIE-89) was applied as the pre-test, post-test and in the follow- up for both groups. Analysis of covariance was applied to analyze the data. Results: The data analysis showed that the mean scores of QOLIE-89 in experimental group significantly increased in post-test and follow-up as compared with those of the control group. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy with focus on dysfunctional attitudes, as a complementary therapy, has a remarkable efficacy on improvement of quality of life in epileptic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Dissection of the axillary lymph nodes is considered as one of the common measures in management of breast cancer. Edema and limitation in hand movement are accompanied with dissection of axillary lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy can be used to evaluate axillary metastasis. This study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic value of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 30 selected patients with breast cancer less than 5 cm without any involvement of axillary lymph nodes in Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, North-East of Iran during 2009 -10. Initially, the lymphoscintigraphy was performed. Subsequently, prior, to the surgery, the blue dye as a marker was injected for detecting sentinel lymph node and with the use of probe gamma counter and observing blue color on lymph nodes, the sentinel node was determined and separated. Finally, axillary dissection was performed for removing the lymph nodes of I and II level in all patients. Results: Among 30 patients who were evaluated for sentinel lymph nodes and axillary dissection, false negative were observed only in two cases (6.6 %). The sensitivity rate was determined to be 84.6%. Conclusion: Considering the high success rate of detection of sentinel lymph node and limited false negative cases, sentinel lymph node biopsy is recommended in cases of breast cancer without axillary involvement.

"n Normal 0 false false false EN-GB X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Transthoracic needle biopsy is a well established method for obtaining pathologic diagnosis in the lung mass that performed after a previous negative bronocoscopy. The goal of this study is evaluation of the safety and accuracy of ultrasonographic guided transthoracic needle biopsy for diagnosing peripheral lung mass."n"nMethods: In a descriptive and prospective study from September 2005, 30 patients with peripheral lung mass with greater than 3cm in diameter and less than 5cm distance through the chest wall, underwent ultrasonographic guided transthoracic needle biopsy and it's diagnostic accuracy and complications were analyzed."n"nResults: The male to female ratio was two to one, the average age of the patients was 61.2 years and 60% of the lesions were located in right side. Adequate biopsy specimens were obtained in all patients, but transthoracic needle biopsy was diagnostic in 86.6% and 13.3% patients because doubtful diagnosis, who underwent thoracotomy for definitive diagnosis. From these four (13%) patient who needed thoracotomy definitive diagnosis were organized embolism, granulomatouse tuberculosis, bronchoalveolar carcinoma, and metastatic adenocarsinoma. Pathological diagnosis were malignant lesion in 83.3% that squamouse cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were the most common malignancies and benign lesions were found in 16.6% that granulomatouse tuberculosis was the most common lesion. Complications were observed in 13.3% that included pneumothorax (6.6%) and hemoptysis (6.6%) that managed medically. No cases of mortality were observed."n"nConclusion: Transthoracic needle biopsy with ultrasonographic guide due to appropriale diagnostic accuracy and low complication rate with low cost and availability is recommended for the diagnosis of peripheral lung mass.