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Background: Low self‐worth during adolescence predicts a range of emotional and behavioural problems. As such, identifying potential sources of influence on self‐worth in adolescence is important. Aims: The aim of this study was to construct The Relationship between Parents' Marital Satisfaction and Popularity in the Family with Sense of Self-worth and Spiritual Vitality of Children Working in Gifted Schools Methods: The research method is descriptive-correlational of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study is all talented students in Tehran during the academic year of 1400-1401. The sample consisted of 320 high school students in Tehran who were selected by cluster sampling and responded to Afrooz marital satisfaction scale (2016), Popularity of parent’s scale (Afrooz, 2012), Spiritual vitality scale (Afrooz, 2014) and Self-Worth Scale (Crocker and et al, 2003). To evaluate the proposed model, structural equation modeling was used using AMOS software version 24 and SPSS version 27. Results: The results of correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between marital satisfaction and parental popularity with dimensions of spiritual vitality and self-worthiness (P< 0.05). Findings indicate that the proposed model fits the data appropriately. Also, 80% of the variance of self-worth is explained by marital satisfaction, parental popularity and spiritual vitality. In other words, couple's satisfaction and parental popularity directly and indirectly through spiritual vitality have a positive effect on students' self-worth. Couple's satisfaction and parental affection are associated with higher adolescents' self-worthiness. Conclusion: The data were cross-sectional, so the direction of the effects could not be confirmed, but the findings support the idea that couple's satisfaction and parental popularity in children increase adolescent's vitality and self-worthiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The human body has a circadian rhythm too, which is repeated every 24 hours. According to the changes in the night shift work of nurses, it can be expected that marital satisfaction will be affected by sleep quality and fatigue caused by waking up during the night. However, few studies have been conducted regarding the impact of this index on the marital life of nurses. Aims: The present study was conducted to explain the structural equation model of marital satisfaction based on sexual self-efficacy with the mediation of circadian rhythms in female nurses. Methods: This research is descriptive correlational. The statistical population of this research was all married female nurses working in government hospitals of Tehran in 2023 in number of 2361 people. 330 sample people were selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Sexual self-efficacy questionnaire (Vaziri and Lotfi Kashani 2018), Marital satisfaction scale (Hudson et al., 1981), and Circadian rhythms scale (Jaafari Roudbandi et al., 2012) as data collection tools were used. After confirming the normality of the data, the structural equation model was used with SmartPLS3 software. Results: The results showed that the mentioned indicators have an acceptable t value at a significant level (p< 0.05), so they are effective in changing the marital satisfaction of nursing women. Also, the mediating role of circadian rhythms on these relationships was confirmed. Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that by educating nurses about circadian rhythms and improving sleep quality, effective steps can be taken to improve marital satisfaction and sexual self-efficacy which is the basic basis of marital relationship strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Integrating the approach based on acceptance and commitment with the approach of schema therapy to be more effective and respond to a wider range of couple problems has attracted the attention of researchers. Aims: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the combined approach of couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment with schema formulation (ACT/SF) on psychological flexibility and marital satisfaction. Methods: The research method used was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design, and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all couples referred to counseling centers in Qom in 2022. From this population, 16 couples (32 people) were selected using available sampling and divided into two groups: control and experimental. Both groups completed the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) in the pre-test and posttest. The experimental group received therapeutic intervention for twelve 120-minute sessions. Data analysis was performed using covariance analysis at a significant level (P<0.05). Results: The results indicated that, by controlling the pre-test as a covariate variable, the experimental group experienced a significant increase in marital satisfaction with a strong effect size (η2= 0.62) and in psychological flexibility with a medium effect size (η²= 0.32). Conclusion: The combined approach of couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment with schema formulation significantly improves psychological flexibility and marital satisfaction. This is achieved through formulating problems, recognizing schemas, and becoming aware of cognitive distortions, which helps people understand and be more aware of their own and their spouse's psychological processes. Techniques based on acceptance and commitment are then used to encourage couples to improve their relationships based on their values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most people believe that marriage is the most individualized event that one experiences in their lifetime, holding special importance as it seems to fulfill the needs of two individuals. As a marital and family union, marriage provides an opportunity for social support. On the other hand, marital satisfaction and compatibility are crucial for the continuation of couples’ lives and play a significant role in individuals’ overall life satisfaction. Additionally, having a feminist perspective can influence attitudes towards shared life and marriage. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between marital satisfaction, compatibility, and feminist perspectives among married women in Hamedan. The research method was descriptive, focusing on correlation. The study population consisted of married women living in Hamedan, from various ethnic backgrounds including Kurdish, Persian, Turkish, and Lur, in the year 2013. A sample of 100 women was selected using convenience sampling. The instruments used included the Marital Compatibility Scale, the Feminist Perspective Scale, and the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between marital compatibility and satisfaction. Additionally, results showed a negative and significant association between marital satisfaction and compatibility with feminist perspectives. This suggests that attention to these constructs can play a vital role in the lives of married couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: One of the most important problems in the life of couples is marital boredom. It has been proposed to use several educational and therapeutic interventions to improve marital life, among which emotion-oriented therapy and schema therapy can be mentioned. Aim: The aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and emotionally focused therapy on marital disaffection. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tehran city with complaints of marital conflicts in the summer and fall of 2023, and among them 16 couples (32 people) were selected by available sampling method and randomly and by homogenizing were assigned to experimental and control groups. For the pre-test, post-test - follow-up the participants answered to Marital Disaffection Scale by Kayser (1996). After 12 sessions of schema therapy and 12 sessions of emotionally focused therapy, in the present study, in order to data analysis "variance analysis with repeated measure" statistical method and SPSS-22 software was used. Results: The results indicate the effectiveness of schema therapy and emotionally focused therapy on the marital disaffection in the intervention groups and the continuation of these effects in the follow-up phase (P<.05). Conclusion: The results showed that emotionally focused therapy and schema therapy were both equally effective on marital burnout in couples. It is suggested to include schema therapy and emotionally focused therapy in couples and family therapy training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Resilience is a component that plays a meaningful role in enduring the hardships of the work and marriage environment. Therefore, it is identified as the main structure of personality, so it is influential to identify variables that can predict resilience. Methods: The current research is based on the fundamental goal and the descriptive data collection method of the structural equation model correlation. The statistical population of the research consists of all married female nurses of hospitals and government treatment centers in Alborz province in 1401, who were selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method of 400 people from different treatment units and departments. In this research, the Conner and Davidson resilience questionnaire (2003), Dennis and Vanderwaal cognitive flexibility scale (2001), and Bagaroozi marital intimacy scale (2001) were used to analyze data from Amos version 24 software. Results: For cognitive flexibility leading to marital intimacy, the value was 2.023. The value for the path of mental flexibility to resilience was 0.986, and for marital intimacy to resilience, it was 0.909. The critical ratio between cognitive flexibility (r= 0.767) and marital intimacy (r = 0.796) had a positive and significant relationship with resilience at a significance level of 0.01. Conclusions: The results showed that the data fit the conceptual model of the research. Also, the mediating role of marital intimacy between cognitive flexibility and resilience was confirmed. According to the results obtained, to increase the resilience of married female nurses, it is suggested to health officials to Different cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this group should be given special attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Postpartum depression is a type of mood disorder that can affect pregnant women who have given birth and is affected by various factors, so the present study aims to predict postpartum depression based on marital satisfaction, satisfied body, and dysfunctional beliefs in women of Bukan City. Methods: The present study is descriptive-correlational. The population consisted of all women with pregnancy in the last month in the first half of 2022 in the city of Bukan in the number of 2980 according to Morgan's table and with informed written consent, 340 pregnant women referring to Shahid Qolipur Hospital in Bukan were selected by available sampling method and filled in the questionnaire. Beck-2 depression, Edinburgh postpartum depression, Enrich's marital satisfaction, Body image satisfaction, and Weisman and Beck's dysfunctional beliefs responded. The analysis was done using a stepwise regression method. Results: Marital satisfaction, physical satisfaction, and dysfunctional beliefs have a significant ability to predict postpartum depression at P < 0.01 level. This effect is inverse in marital and physical satisfaction and positive in dysfunctional beliefs. Also, marital satisfaction, with an effect size of 0.324, physical satisfaction, with an effect size of 0.497, and ineffective beliefs, with an effect size of 0.652, explain the postpartum depression variable. Also, the prevalence of postpartum depression among women in Bukan City is 30.6%, which is higher than the average of the articles recorded in this field. Conclusions: According to the results of the research, Marital satisfaction, physical satisfaction inversely, and dysfunctional beliefs directly and positively predict postpartum depression in pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Sexual assertiveness is defined as a psychosocial feeling about an individual’s interpretation of how to express her/her feelings in marital relationships. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of sexual assertiveness training on marital satisfaction and happiness of women referring to Tabriz health centers in 2021. Methods. This semi-experimental study was conducted on 66 women of reproductive age, referring to the health centers in Tabriz, Iran. The participants who obtained a Hulbert sexual assertiveness score of less than 33 were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. The data were collected using an eligibility checklist (inclusion/exclusion criteria), a demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Halbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness (HISA), the Larson Sexual Satisfaction (LSS) scale, and the Marital Happiness Scale (MHS). The educational intervention of HISA was held in three sessions lasting 60-90 minutes. Eventually, the participants completed HISA, LSS, and MHS questionnaires before and after the intervention. Results. The findings of the present study indicated a significant difference between the mean scores of HISA, LSS, and MHS in the post-intervention stage between the two groups (P=0.001). Conclusion. Given the positive effect of sexual assertiveness training on women’s sexual satisfaction and marital happiness, it is recommended that these simple and lowcost educational interventions be considered to improve the mental and sexual status of women. Practical Implications. Sexual assertiveness education program improved sexual satisfaction and marital happiness. It is recommended to apply these simple and low-cost educational interventions to improve the mental and sexual status of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Inefficiency in the process of emotion regulation prevents the emergence of efficient behaviors and appropriate coping responses to the situation in marital relationships by the individual, which seems to be influenced by relational beliefs. Aim: The present study aimed to formulate a structural model of marital satisfaction based on relational beliefs with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in married women. Methods: The current research was descriptive-correlation based on the method of structural equations and the statistical population of the present study consisted of all married women between the ages of 30 and 50 who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in the first six months of 2022, among them 371 women were selected using the random clusters sampling method. The research tools included ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Relationship Belief Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation method and structural equations were used with SPSS version 22 and AMOS version 24 software. Results: The results of the present study showed there is an indirect and significant relationship between relational beliefs and marital satisfaction with the mediation of positive emotional cognitive regulation (P=0.003, Z=-2.11). There is an indirect and significant relationship between relational beliefs and marital satisfaction with the mediation of negative emotional cognitive regulation (P=0.009, Z=-1.78). Conclusion: The results showed that marital satisfaction is predicted based on communication beliefs with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in married women. It is suggested that couple therapists and family therapists pay attention to relational beliefs and cognitive emotion regulation strategies derived from them in counseling and couple therapy to increase marital satisfaction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Identifying related and influencing factors on marital satisfaction is of particular necessity and importance. It seems that attachment styles and loneliness are among the factors affecting marital satisfaction. Aim: The present study aimed to determine the structural relationships between attachment styles and marital satisfaction with the mediation of loneliness. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of this study included all women and men who were referred to family counseling centers in Ilam City in 2019 with complaints of marital problems of which 320 people were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data Adult Attachment Questionnaire by Simpson (1990), ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (1993) and The University of California Loneliness Scale (1996) were used. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS .24 and Amos. 24. Results: In the present study, the results showed that loneliness and marital satisfaction had a negative and significant relationship (β=-.258, P=.001). Avoidant attachment (β=-.189, P=.001) and anxious attachment (β=-.138, P=.001) and marital satisfaction had a negative and significant relationship. Loneliness in the relationship between secure attachment (β=.149, P=.001), anxiety (β=-.043, P=.048) and avoidance (β=-.140, P=.001) and marital satisfaction had a mediating role. Conclusion: The results showed that loneliness mediates the relationship between secure, anxious and avoidant attachment and marital satisfaction. Therefore, it is suggested that couples and family therapists, in counseling and couple therapy, to increase marital satisfaction, should also pay attention to people's attachment styles manifestations and feelings of loneliness caused by it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Marriage satisfaction is one of the main determinants of the quality of life of each person, and marital satisfaction can predict the stability and instability of a relationship. Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of marital satisfaction based on marital expectations, emotional maturity and aspects of love by mediating marital conflicts in married women. Methods: The descriptive data collection method was correlational. The current study's statistical population was comprised of all married women who referred to the community centers of Tehran in 1401, and 550 by the available sampling method people were selected from among them. In this research, Enrich's (1998) marital satisfaction tools, Miller and Tedder's (2011) expectations from married life, Singh and Bhargava's (1991) emotional maturity, Barati, and Sanai Zaker's (1375) marital conflicts, and Sternberg's love triangle (1989) were used. Structural equation modeling method and SPSS and PLS software were used for data analysis. Results: The findings of the research showed that marital expectations and emotional maturity and dimensions of love had a significant effect on marital satisfaction directly and indirectly due to marital conflicts (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, marital satisfaction is influenced by marital expectations, emotional maturity, and aspects of lovemaking. It is suggested to researchers and therapists to examine marital expectations, emotional maturity and the dimensions of love and subsequent marital conflicts in preventing and planning treatment for couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurocognitive disorder that typically manifests early in life due to various causes. As a lifelong condition, it can diminish the affected individual’s abilities and exert significant psychological stress, particularly on mothers of children diagnosed with this disorder. Aims: The objective of the current research was to examine the impact of motivational interviewing on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers who have children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Methods: The study utilized a quasi-experimental design, incorporating pretests, posttests, and follow-up, along with a control group. The research population comprised all mothers of children with cerebral palsy who attended the educational and rehabilitation centers for the physically and motor impaired in Kermanshah in the year 2021. Out of the entire population, 26 mothers who patronized the specified centers were chosen based on their willingness to participate and were then randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Data collection involved the use of Olson’s Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1989) and Sherer’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (1982). Participants in the experimental group participated in group counseling sessions that employed Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques (Miller & Rollnick, 2006), consisting of ten 90-minute sessions. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS software, version 24. Results: The findings indicated that motivational interviewing significantly improved the overall scores of marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers with children who have cerebral palsy, with p-values less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance. Conclusion: The study’s results suggest that motivational interviewing has a positive effect on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy in mothers of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy.

Background. Quarantine and social distancing due to COVID 19 has led to anxiety, anger, stress, and anger in people and has had a negative impact on physical and mental health and the quality of marital relationships. Due to the lack of sufficient studies and also the fact that no study was found in the literature review that compared this approach over the phone and face-to-face, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of telephone and face-to-face counseling with the explicit approach on women's marital interactions. Methods. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022 in the health centers of Tabriz city on women aged 18 to 40 with a sexual performance score of less than 28. The participants were assigned to two groups of face-to-face counseling and telephone counseling with a ratio of 1:1 using a computerized random number table with blocks of four and six. Counseling based on explicit approach was done in the face-to-face counseling group during three meetings of 60-90 minutes, and for the telephone counseling group, there were three individual telephone counseling sessions of 60-90 minutes. Pre-test questionnaires including sexual performance, quality of sexual life and marital satisfaction were completed before and eight weeks after the end of the intervention. Results. The mean (standard deviation) score of the quality of sexual life after the intervention was significantly increased in both face-to-face and telephone counseling groups compared to before the intervention. Also the mean (standard deviation) of the total score of sexual performance and marital satisfaction after the intervention in the face-to-face counseling group was significantly higher than that of the telephone counseling group. Conclusion. Using counseling based on ex-PLISSIT approach in both face-to-face and telephone counseling groups, are effective in sexual health. Therefore, during crises such as a pandemic, or other restrictions to hold face-to-face counseling sessions, telephone consultations are useful. Practical Implications. Counseling based on ex-PLISSIT approach is effective for sexual health.

Introduction: The use of narcotic and stimulant substances has become an important and challenging social issue due to its adverse effects and negative consequences for society and the entire family system. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual satisfaction, quality of life, and marital conflicts in patients addicted to Methamphetamine. Methods: The research employed a descriptive-correlational method. The study’s statistical population comprised all individuals addicted to stimulants who were referred to Shiraz Psychiatric Hospital in September 1400. According to Morgan’s table, a sample of 80 individuals was selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Frenz and Power Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Sanaei Marital Conflict Questionnaire. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using Pearson’s correlation method. Results: The results showed a significant positive correlation between sexual satisfaction and quality of life, including its various aspects. This suggests that an increase in sexual satisfaction is associated with an enhancement in the quality of life. Conversely, the study found a significant negative correlation between sexual satisfaction and marital conflict along with its components. This indicates that an increase in sexual satisfaction by one unit results in a decrease in marital conflicts by approximately 0.478 units. Conclusion: The study’s findings support the idea that enhancing sexual satisfaction can potentially improve one’s quality of life. This improvement, in turn, can contribute to a reduction in marital conflicts in various ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Infertility is a prevalent issue globally, affecting up to 20% of couples (Nguyen, 2014; Sadock & Sadock, 2007). The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that over 80 million couples (approximately 10%) worldwide are affected by infertility. According to various results, more than three million Iranian couples (13-15%) are infertile. The experience of infertility is not merely a physiological failure; it also encompasses psychological and social dimensions. These dimensions give rise to a plethora of psychological consequences, including a reduction in intimate relationships, unpleasant feelings such as loneliness and dissatisfaction, and emotional divorce in relationships between spouses. Additionally, there are numerous other issues that arise as a result of infertility. However, these issues have a greater impact on women in society. The social construction of infertility as a female problem, regardless of the underlying cause, leads to women experiencing greater familial and social challenges than men. Furthermore, they are more susceptible to psychological distress. If the early maladaptive schemas, as well as the primary and secondary emotions and unexpressed emotional needs of infertile women are not resolved and do not lead to a positive solution, it can result in significant distress and tension in their lives. Early maladaptive schemas are self-damaging emotional and cognitive patterns that form in the mind during early stages of growth and development and recur throughout the lifespan (Young, 1999; Hamidpour & Andoz, 2013). Given the dearth of research on psychological and family issues related to infertility such as loneliness and emotional divorce, the present study was designed to contribute to this field by comparing the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and schema therapy on the feeling of loneliness and emotional divorce among infertile women. Method: This semi-experimental research employed a pre-post-test design with a control group. The initial stage of the study involved the administration of a pre-test to all three experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research encompasses all women who have been diagnosed with infertility and visited the Milad Infertility Center of Mashhad. The research sample was selected from a total of 45 women using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. Following the decline in the experimental group, the remaining groups were reduced to a total of 12 participants. The following tools were utilized in the course of this research: The Loneliness Questionnaire developed by Russell, et al. (1980) that comprises 20 items presented in a multiple-choice format, with 10 negative and 10 positive sentences and the Gottman’s Emotional Divorce Scale developed by Gottman (1998) that includes 24 items scored as "yes" and "no". Group training was conducted using the emotion-focused therapy protocol developed by Johnson and Greenberg (2005) for the first experimental group, comprising eight 90-minute sessions. The second experimental group underwent training using Young's schema therapy protocol (Young, 2006), also comprising eight 90-minute sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention. Findings: The findings of the study indicated that the mean and standard deviation of the feeling of loneliness of infertile women according to the study groups were 51.19 and 3.285 in the pre-test, 47.92 and 2.832 in the post-test, and 47.47 and 3.22 in the follow-up. To investigate and test the primary hypothesis, a two-factor ANOVA with repeated measures (mixed) was employed. The results of the repeated measures ANOVA indicated that the interaction between group and time had a significant effect on the dependent variables including the feeling of loneliness and emotional divorce among infertile women. A comparison of the emotion-focused therapy and the schema-therapy revealed that the schema-therapy demonstrated greater efficacy and effect size for the variable of loneliness feeling than the emotion-focused therapy. The effect size for the schema-therapy approach was 64%, while the effect size for the emotion- focused therapy was 51%. The results of Bonferroni post hoc test indicated that there was no statistically significant difference in the emotional divorce variable between the study groups (emotion-focused therapy, schematherapy, and control) in the pre-test stage. However, in the post-test and follow-up stages, there was a statistically significant difference between the emotion- focused therapy and the schema-therapy groups compared to the control group. Discussion and Conclusion: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and schema therapy on the feeling of loneliness and emotional divorce among infertile women. The findings align with those presented by Suleimanabadi and Suleimanabadi (2021). The results of the study demonstrated that the emotion-focused therapy is an effective method for reducing the feeling of loneliness among infertile women. With regard to the efficacy of emotion-focused therapy in alleviating feelings of loneliness among infertile couples, it is important to note that one of the primary objectives of the emotion-focused therapy is to facilitate a transition from an insecure attachment style to a secure attachment style. The formation of emotional contact is contingent upon the availability and responsiveness. In comparing the effectiveness of the two approaches, it was found that schema therapy is more efficacious in reducing the feeling of loneliness and emotional divorce. Given that primary schemas encompass individuals' thoughts and beliefs about themselves, others, and the environment, which are shaped by unmet basic needs, particularly emotional needs (Bach, et al., 2018), cognitive schemas and beliefs exert a significant influence on the course of a marital relationship. The presence of high levels of irrational beliefs and inflexible thoughts in one or both spouses have been identified as a significant predictor of declining marital satisfaction (Aliss, 1985; Hoseinzade, et al., 2021). Maladaptive schemas have been identified as ineffective cognitive strategies that lead to unhappiness in marital relationships and create grounds for separation (AkgÜL GÖK, et al., 2019; Mahmoudpour, et al., 2020). In other words, a significant portion of the relationship between spouses in Iranian society is shaped by emotional issues. The inability to express these emotions in a timely and appropriate manner initially leads to emotional withdrawal and a loss of intimacy and feelings of loneliness. Ultimately, this can result in an emotional divorce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurocognitive disorder that typically manifests early in life due to various causes. As a lifelong condition, it can diminish the affected individual’s abilities and exert significant psychological stress, particularly on mothers of children diagnosed with this disorder. Aims: The objective of the current research was to examine the impact of motivational interviewing on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers who have children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Methods: The study utilized a quasi-experimental design, incorporating pretests, posttests, and follow-up, along with a control group. The research population comprised all mothers of children with cerebral palsy who attended the educational and rehabilitation centers for the physically and motor impaired in Kermanshah in the year 2021. Out of the entire population, 26 mothers who patronized the specified centers were chosen based on their willingness to participate and were then randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Data collection involved the use of Olson’s Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1989) and Sherer’s General SelfEfficacy Scale (1982). Participants in the experimental group participated in group counseling sessions that employed Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques (Miller & Rollnick, 2006), consisting of ten 90-minute sessions. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS software, version 24. Results: The findings indicated that motivational interviewing significantly improved the overall scores of marital satisfaction and self-efficacy among mothers with children who have cerebral palsy, with p-values less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance. Conclusion: The study’s results suggest that motivational interviewing has a positive effect on enhancing marital satisfaction and self-efficacy in mothers of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Quarantine and social distancing due to COVID 19 has led to anxiety, anger, stress, and anger in people and has had a negative impact on physical and mental health and the quality of marital relationships. Due to the lack of sufficient studies and also the fact that no study was found in the literature review that compared this approach over the phone and face-to-face, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of telephone and face-to-face counseling with the explicit approach on women's marital interactions. Methods. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022 in the health centers of Tabriz city on women aged 18 to 40 with a sexual performance score of less than 28. The participants were assigned to two groups of face-to-face counseling and telephone counseling with a ratio of 1:1 using a computerized random number table with blocks of four and six. Counseling based on explicit approach was done in the face-to-face counseling group during three meetings of 60-90 minutes, and for the telephone counseling group, there were three individual telephone counseling sessions of 60-90 minutes. Pre-test questionnaires including sexual performance, quality of sexual life and marital satisfaction were completed before and eight weeks after the end of the intervention. Results. The mean (standard deviation) score of the quality of sexual life after the intervention was significantly increased in both face-to-face and telephone counseling groups compared to before the intervention. Also the mean (standard deviation) of the total score of sexual performance and marital satisfaction after the intervention in the face-to-face counseling group was significantly higher than that of the telephone counseling group. Conclusion. Using counseling based on ex-PLISSIT approach in both face-to-face and telephone counseling groups, are effective in sexual health. Therefore, during crises such as a pandemic, or other restrictions to hold face-to-face counseling sessions, telephone consultations are useful. Practical Implications. Counseling based on ex-PLISSIT approach is effective for sexual health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: The coronavirus epidemic has had a significant impact on people's lives and has created many problems in the economic, scientific, environmental, and personal dimensions of people's lives. Fertility in women was one of the threats addressed during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life, marital satisfaction, and anxiety, depression, and stress in women of reproductive age referring to medical centers covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The current study was descriptive and analytical in a cross-sectional manner. The statistical population included all women referred to medical centers covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences from March 1399 to March 1400, who were questioned in two periods. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included demographic information, pregnancy, and COVID-19 disease. Also, the information related to the quality of life of the participants in the study was evaluated using the SF-12 questionnaire, anxiety, depression, and stress of the participants with the Lovebond scale (DASS), and marital satisfaction with the Enrich questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software. Results: 1759 women of reproductive age participated in this study. All participants (100%) were married, with an average duration of marriage of 8.5±1.5 years. 14.1% of women were infected with COVID-19 during the study. 7.2% of women had at least one underlying disease, hypothyroidism (4.3%), diabetes (1.3%) and hypertension (0.1%) being the most common cases. There were diseases. The results indicated a decrease in people's physical health and emotional problems due to the changes in their quality of life due to the outbreak of Covid-19. About 99% of women showed mild and moderate symptoms of mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress, during the study. The participants' stress levels decreased over time (9.6±8.83 vs 8.3±69.7), and their marital satisfaction increased (2.91±0.3 vs 2.95±0.31, P=0.0). Also, the findings of the research showed that people's quality of life had a negative and significant relationship with the amount of mental disorders. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed an increase in marital satisfaction during the Covid-19 period. The study participants' quality of life had a significant difference in the two time periods. Consequently, special attention to Women of reproductive age, increasing their general and sexual awareness, and providing positive psychological programs in crisis conditions are recommended in formulating health policies and programs

Introduction: Marital satisfaction serves as a fundamental predictor of stability and well-being within individuals' lives and families. Aim: This study aims to develop a structural model that predicts marital satisfaction among young couples by examining the interplay between behavioral activation/inhibition systems and attachment styles. Method: The current study was a description of structural equations. A sample of 370 young couples in Tehran during the year 2021 was selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1998), the Behavioral Activation/ Inhibition Scale (1994), and the Adult Attachment Scale (2015). Path analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 and LISREL version 8.8 for data analysis. Results: The results of the path analysis revealed several significant findings. Firstly, the inhibition system demonstrated a direct negative impact on marital satisfaction (ß=-0.16, P

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating contribution of obsessive beliefs in the relationship between sexual desire and marital satisfaction of women with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this research was all married women suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to the outpatient clinic of Hafez hospital and several private clinics in Shiraz in 2021, and 200 of them were selected by available sample. All of whom completed the Hulbert Index of Sexual Desire, Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire, and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. The data were analyzed using correlation matrix, multivariate regression analysis and path analysis test. The main findings indicated that sexual desire had directly significant relation with marital satisfaction. Sexual desire indirectly had a significant relationship through the mediating role of obsessive beliefs with marital satisfaction. It seems that sexual desire directly and indirectly by mediating the role of obsessive beliefs predicted marital satisfaction. This study indicated the necessity of increasing awareness of beliefs, sexual knowledge and facilitating sexual counseling for married women.

Aim and Background: Marital satisfaction is related to some psychological variables, including attachment behaviors; Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of attachment behaviors on women's marital satisfaction with the mediating role of online surveillance. Methods and Materials: The design of the current research is a correlation design of the structural equation modeling type, which was a multivariate correlation method. The statistical population in this research was all married women in Khuzestan province whose husbands used social networks. Using the non-discriminatory snowball sampling method, 350 married women with electronic literacy and familiar with using social networks were selected. Subjects responded to the scale of the modified version of the attachment behavior scale of Sandberg et al. 2012, the online surveillance scale of the modified version of Ellison 2007 and the marital satisfaction scale. SPSS version 27 statistical software and structural equation modeling using Amos version 24 software were used to evaluate the proposed model. Findings: The results of the findings showed that the direct effect of attachment behaviors on online marital supervision and the direct effect of online marital supervision on marital satisfaction is significant p

The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between marital satisfaction and cultural capital, with psychological and social capital among educators serving as mediators. The present study is descriptive-correlational in nature and applied in intent. The study’s statistical population comprised Yazd-residing educators in 2021. A method of available and purposeful sampling was utilized to select the sample. The sample size of 300 individuals was ascertained through the utilization of structural equations. ENRICH Marital Ssatisfaction (EMI) Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaires (PCQ), Cultural Capital Scale (CCS), and family social capital (FSCQ) questionnaires were utilized in the research. The online questionnaire was developed and disseminated to participants via accessible virtual social networks; a total of 284 individuals participated in the survey. The data analysis and generation of descriptive indices and a correlation matrix were conducted using SPSS version 23 software. For fitting partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), SmartPLS3 software was employed. The results showed that marital satisfaction is positively predicted by psychological capital and negatively predicted by cultural capital. There was no correlation between social capital and marital contentment. Marital satisfaction can be predicted by social capital via psychological capital. Although cultural capital has a direct negative relationship with marital satisfaction, it can indirectly contribute to marital satisfaction via social and cultural capital.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of a model of marital satisfaction based on executive functions with the mediation of empathy in working couples. The design of the current research is of a descriptive-correlation type. For this purpose, 500 working couples in Tehran were selected using stratified cluster sampling and responded to Barclay's Executive Functions Scale, Basic Empathy Scale, and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling. Also, SPSS and AMOS software were used to classify, process, analyze data and check the research hypotheses. The evaluation of the hypothetical research model using fit indices showed that the hypothetical model fits the measurement model (CFI=0.98, NFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.02). The results of the research showed that the executive functions through the mediation of empathy have a significant effect on marital satisfaction at the level of P

Introduction: The family is the basic pillar of society and the main center of human growth and excellence. The formation of this sacred institution is due to the marital bond between a man and a woman. Satisfaction with married life refers to the satisfaction with the family and satisfaction with the family pertains to satisfaction with the lives of men and women. Method: In the current survey questionnaires were used to collect data. Standard energy questionnaire (1998) was used to measure the variable of marital satisfaction, and for the variable of financial resources, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The statistical population of the research included married women over the age of 15 living in Tabriz city, and among them, 384 were selected as the sample using multi-stage cluster sampling. Findings: The collected data showed that the mean value of women’s marital satisfaction was above average, and the mean value of available financial resources to them was above average. In the dimensions of marital satisfaction, the mean value of personality issues, couple relationship, conflict resolution, financial management, leisure time, sexual relationship, and relatives and friends were above average, and the dimension of marriage and children was lower than average. The result of tests showed that there is a significant direct relationship between marital satisfaction and its dimensions and available financial resources. According to the findings, the more financial resources available to women, the higher their marital satisfaction was likely to be. In fact, financial resources as a support can be effective in providing psychological security and subsequently improving marital relationships and marital satisfaction.

Background & Aims: Intimate communication provides opportunities for personal and interpersonal growth between two people. However, one of the challenges that many couples face is cheating in the relationship, and it seems that the biggest act of cheating between couples is dealing with infidelity (1). The complexity of intimate communication and the effects of infidelity on it have made it necessary for researchers and family therapists to pay attention to these effects from different perspectives (2). In fact, marital infidelity damages the marital relationship more than any other problem and factor and puts the couple in a very difficult situation, for this reason, practical and practical ways to deal with this problem have always been mentioned in family and marriage counseling texts. is (3). Forgiveness is one of the most important factors and variables when working with couples who experience marital infidelity, because on the one hand it provides the conditions for forgiveness and on the other hand it increases marital satisfaction (11). Forgiveness is one of the concepts that plays a positive role in creating mental health, especially in couples (3). The process of forgiveness includes resentment, hatred, healing and forgiveness, and finally reconciliation and returning to the other side (11). Emotion-focused couple therapy is considered as a short-term structured approach in couple therapy, which is based on clear concepts of marital distress and adult love (26). Emotion- focused therapy emphasizes the participation of emotions in the permanent patterns of incompatibility in troubled couples. The effort of this approach is to reveal the vulnerable emotions in each of the couples and facilitate the ability of the couple to create these emotions in safe and loving ways (27). On the other hand, cognitive-behavioral therapy is another intervention that has been used for women who have experiences of infidelity and other marital problems and conflicts (35). This type of intervention is considered highly capable for working with couples due to its flexibility and the possibility of modifying the thought-emotion-behavior cycle, and it has been used especially in the treatment of marital conflicts, including marital infidelity (36). The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the forgiveness of women affected by marital infidelity. Methods: The research was conducted using a semi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design and a control group, during which the members of the two experimental groups and the control group completed the forgiveness questionnaire in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the research was all women who referred to one of the counseling centers in Isfahan city in the first 3 months of 2022 due to marital infidelity on the part of their husbands. Thus, by using available sampling and conducting a short clinical interview, the researcher selected 54 people non-randomly and then randomly placed them in three groups of 18 people. Expression measurement and data collection in the present study included forgiveness questionnaire (Pellari et al., 2009) and clinical interview. The interventions provided to the members of the experimental groups included emotion-focused therapy (26, 27) during 8 sessions of 90 minutes to the experimental group (1) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (43) during 8 sessions of 90 minutes to the experimental group (2). The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. Results: The results of inter-subject effects showed that the average scores of forgiveness and generosity and anger-avoidance components were significantly different from each other at different measurement times (pre-test, post-test and follow-up) (P<0.01). The results of time also showed that the average scores of total forgiveness and generosity and anger-avoidance components increased significantly in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test stage (P<0.01); But there is no significant difference between the average scores of the post-test and follow-up stage (P<0.01). Therefore, it was concluded that the average scores of forgiveness and its components increased in the post-test and follow-up phase compared to the pre-test phase and this increase was stable (P<0.01). The intergroup effects also showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of forgiveness and the components of generosity and anger-avoidance between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). The effect coefficients were also equal to 0.572, 0.504 and 0.632, respectively, which shows that more than 57% of the changes in the total scores of forgiveness, 50% of the changes in the scores of the generosity component, and 63% of the changes in the scores of the anger-avoidance component are due to the presentation. There have been interventions. Also, the results of the pairwise comparison showed that the average scores of total forgiveness and components of generosity and anger-avoidance of the experimental groups were significantly higher than the control. In addition, it was found that the average scores of the total forgiveness and the components of generosity and anger-avoidance of the emotion- focused therapy group were significantly higher than the cognitive-behavioral therapy group (P<0.01) and it was concluded that although the two intervention methods increased the average scores of forgiveness and its components are effective, but the effectiveness of emotion- focused treatment was significantly higher (P<0.01). Conclusion: Regarding the effectiveness of emotion- focused therapy on improving the average scores of forgiveness components including generosity and anger-avoidance, as it was said about the improvement of the average scores of forgiveness, it seems that before experiencing forgiveness, people experience various negative emotions. They suffer from stress, anxiety, depression and especially anger (20). While when they experience forgiveness through emotional therapy, most of these negative feelings change and give way to positive feelings (33, 37). In this way, emotion- focused therapy by focusing on different emotions provides the conditions of adaptation through generosity, which is a positive emotional and motivational state (54). Regarding anger-avoidance, it was also found that emotion- focused therapy helped the participants to recognize and cope with their negative emotions instead of reacting with anger or avoidance (32). The results of the research show that both emotion- focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy were effective in improving the average total score and components of forgiveness, including generosity and anger-avoidance. It seems that the correction of emotional reactions and the improvement of difficult emotions, which were applied by emotion- focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy with two different mechanisms, led to the improvement of the state of generosity and anger-avoidance and finally forgiveness in the women of the experimental groups. It seems that emotional therapy in the first degree and cognitive-behavioral therapy in the second degree have the necessary capacity for a person to display more appropriate and effective emotional and behavioral reactions while correcting their emotional and emotional cycles. In addition, because in both treatment methods, women learned to deal with negative emotions caused by betrayal in a more effective way, such as anger, fear, despair and hatred, the ground for reducing such emotions was provided and the process of forgiveness was gradually formed. Of course, because emotion- focused therapy focuses directly on these emotions, it is more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy, which tries to improve emotions indirectly through the modification of cognitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between coercive control and marital satisfaction and couple burnout, utilizing the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) due to the dyadic nature of the questions and purposes. Method: The research design was descriptive and correlational. The sample group included all couples living in Iran with access to cyberspace. Ultimately, 113 couples (226 wives and husbands) in 2022 were selected through online and convenience sampling methods. The Controlling Behaviors Scale (Graham-Kevan and Archer, 2005), ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (Olson and Fowers, 1993), and Couple Burnout Scale (Pines, 1996) were employed in this research. Data analysis was conducted using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to measure interpersonal and dyadic effects. Results: The results indicated that coercive control perpetration by husbands was predictive of their own and their partners' marital satisfaction and burnout. However, in wives, coercive control perpetration was only predictive of their own marital burnout. Coercive control victimization in wives was predictive of their own and their partners' marital satisfaction and burnout, while in husbands, it was only predictive of their own marital satisfaction and burnout. Conclusion: The findings underscore the significance of addressing coercive controlling behaviors in the evaluation and treatment of couples' relationship problems. It is recommended that couple therapists and psychologists design and implement appropriate interventions to improve couples' relationships, taking into account the effects of coercive control on marital satisfaction and burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Internet addiction can lead to excessive online communication and boundary-less interactions over time. This could result in issues, such as marital boredom and marital infidelity. Aim: Investigating the mediating role of sensation seeking and impulsivity in the association of Internet addiction with marital boredom and attitude towards marital infidelity. Method: In this descriptive, correlational study, structural equation modeling was employed. The study population comprised all married employees of the Tourism Information Technology Development Company in Tehran, Iran, during 2022. A subset of 106 individuals was selected for this study via convenience sampling. The research tools included the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (1998), Marital Boredom Questionnaire (1996), Attitude Towards Infidelity Scale (2006), Sensation Seeking Scale (1978), and Impulsiveness Scale (1995). Data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient test and structural equation modeling. The analyses were conducted using SPSS Version 25 and SmartPLS Version 3 software. Results: The present findings indicated the direct, positive, and significant impact of Internet addiction on marital boredom, sensation seeking, impulsivity and attitude towards marital infidelity (P<0.05). The results also indicated the significant direct effects of sensation seeking and impulsivity on both marital boredom and attitude towards infidelity (P<0.05). Additionally, the bootstrap test results indicated the significant indirect effect of Internet addiction on marital boredom and attitude towards infidelity; this effect was found to be mediated by sensation seeking and impulsivity (P<0.05). Conclusion: The use of the Internet can gradually foster dependency and alter the dynamics of relationships between couples. This can lead to conflicts, impulsivity, and a search for emotional resolution in the virtual space, ultimately resulting in marital boredom and laying the groundwork for marital infidelity. Therefore, understanding the detrimental effects of Internet addiction can aid couples in enhancing their overall lifesatisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The most important criterion for a healthy family is choose the right life partner and the couple's satisfaction with marriage. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the paradigmatic model of Spouse Selection and satisfaction in satisfied couples in Tehran. Method: The method of the current research was qualitative and of the type of grounded theory studies. The statistical population of the research includes couples who have gone to marriage counseling centers in Tehran between 2017 and 2019, and among them, 15 couples who had the criteria to enter the research have been selected and interviewed, the research tool was semi-structured interview. The obtained information was also analyzed through coding according to the model of Strauss and Corbin (1998). Results: The main themes include; 1- The central category included two components: "Wise and healthy choice" and "Perspective transition to a stable marriage". 2- Causal conditions: included "macro-influencing factors" and "independence and differentiation of couples and relationship with the main family". 3- Background conditions included "family similarities" and "cultural similarities" in section 4- Intervening conditions "Components of belief and cognitive systems of couples" and "behavioral action of couples in the process of choosing a spouse" were discussed. 5- The strategies included: "marriage care strategies" and "communication strategies". and finally, 6- the consequences included: "psychological and social consequences for couples" and "consequences for children". Conclusion: It can be concluded that in Iranian culture, several factors at different levels of Spouse Selection, behavioral and cognitive features of couples as well as marriage care strategies affect selection of a satisfactory spouse, and it is necessary for counselors and couple therapists to formulate their interventions based on this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: The coronavirus epidemic has had a significant impact on people's lives and has created many problems in the economic, scientific, environmental, and personal dimensions of people's lives. Fertility in women was one of the threats addressed during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life, marital satisfaction, and anxiety, depression, and stress in women of reproductive age referring to medical centers covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The current study was descriptive and analytical in a cross-sectional manner. The statistical population included all women referred to medical centers covered by Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences from March 1399 to March 1400, who were questioned in two periods. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included demographic information, pregnancy, and COVID-19 disease. Also, the information related to the quality of life of the participants in the study was evaluated using the SF-12 questionnaire, anxiety, depression, and stress of the participants with the Lovebond scale (DASS), and marital satisfaction with the Enrich questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software. Results: 1759 women of reproductive age participated in this study. All participants (100%) were married, with an average duration of marriage of 8.5±1.5 years. 14.1% of women were infected with COVID-19 during the study. 7.2% of women had at least one underlying disease, hypothyroidism (4.3%), diabetes (1.3%) and hypertension (0.1%) being the most common cases. There were diseases. The results indicated a decrease in people's physical health and emotional problems due to the changes in their quality of life due to the outbreak of Covid-19. About 99% of women showed mild and moderate symptoms of mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress, during the study. The participants' stress levels decreased over time (9.6±8.83 vs 8.3±69.7), and their marital satisfaction increased (2.91±0.3 vs 2.95±0.31, P=0.0). Also, the findings of the research showed that people's quality of life had a negative and significant relationship with the amount of mental disorders. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed an increase in marital satisfaction during the Covid-19 period. The study participants' quality of life had a significant difference in the two time periods. Consequently, special attention to Women of reproductive age, increasing their general and sexual awareness, and providing positive psychological programs in crisis conditions are recommended in formulating health policies and programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the family institution has been declared as the most effective social factor in improving human health and well-being(Karami & Alborzi, 2018). A healthy and developed relationship between couples leads to a healthy family and society. The solid foundation of the family will certainly have positive effects not only on the family, but also on the whole society. Marital satisfaction actually shows the strength and efficiency of the family institution. Marital satisfaction is a variable that depends on the level of comfort, pleasure and acceptance that couples feel in their marriage(Rashid, Beiranvand, et al., 2021). Statistics show that the rate of divorce in the world, especially in America, is increasing, so that half of American marriages have ended in divorce in the last two decades(Kennedy & Ruggles, 2014). Iran has also seen an increase in the divorce rate in the past years. According to the population reports of the civil registration organization, the ratio of divorce to marriage in the whole country has increased from 0.12 in 2016 to 0.29 in 2016(Rowshani et al., 2019). One of the factors affecting marital satisfaction is rumination. Rumination is considered a type of stable cognition that includes repetitive, disturbing and nonfunctional thoughts on a specific topic(Moulds et al., 2020). This type of thinking makes a person think too much about his personal mistakes and get stuck in them and hardly forget his past mistakes(Flett et al., 2020). Perfectionism is another factor that can affect romantic relationships and marital satisfaction (Tavakol et al., 2017). Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality trait witch characterized by striving for perfection, setting very high-performance standards, and being overly critical of one's own performance(Smith et al., 2016). Method This research was developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection using structural equations. The current research population included all married men and women living in Iran-Mashhad who voluntarily answered the questionnaires in 1400-1401. In this research, 384 married men and women who living in Iran-Mashhad city were selected by non-probability sampling method. After collecting the answer sheets, data analysis was done at a descriptive level using descriptive statistics of central and dispersion indicators and at an inferential level using structural equation modeling using SPSS26 and AMOS24 software. Results 384 married people participated in this research, of which 216 (56.3%) were women and 168 (43.8%) were men. Among the participants, 77.8% were less than 40 years old and 78.4% of them were married for less than 15 years. Examining the path coefficients showed that the direct effect of perfectionism on rumination is positive and significant (P<0.01) and on marital satisfaction is negative and significant (P<0.01). The direct effect of rumination on marital satisfaction was negative and significant (P<0.01). Discussion and conclusion The results of the research showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between rumination and marital satisfaction. These findings were consistent with the research results of (Akbari & Dehghani, 2017; Namdarpour et al., 2019). People involved with rumination have difficulty in establishing long-term relationships and having appropriate behaviors towards their partners (Namdarpour et al., 2019). Also, the findings indicated that there is a negative and significant relationship between all dimensions of perfectionism and all dimensions of marital satisfaction (except ideal distortion). In explaining this finding, it can be said that self-centered perfectionists have difficulty in being bold and taking responsibility in interpersonal relationships (Dimaggio et al., 2015). They are self-righteous and devote most of their time to their perfectionist needs, activities, and concerns, and naturally have less time to meet needs, communicate effectively with their spouse, and resolve marital conflicts. Further, the results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between perfectionism and rumination. In general, the findings of the present study indicate that rumination mediates the relationship between perfectionism and marital satisfaction; In this way, perfectionism reduces marital satisfaction more intensely by increasing rumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of coping skills in the relationship between cognitive schemas activated in sexual context and marital satisfaction. The research method was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. Methods: The statistical population included all the men and women of Bandar Abbas, of whom 350 were selected by available sampling method. The sample of this study included 125 men (35.7%) and 225 women (64.3%). To collect data, the Cognitive Schema Questionnaire Activated in Sexual Context (QCSASC), the Elzaros and Folkman Coping Skills questionnaire (CSQ) and the Marital Satisfaction Scale were used. SPSS23 and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Results: Structural equation modeling showed that coping skills and cognitive schemas activated in sexual context both directly and indirectly affected marital satisfaction in men and women. The evaluation of the hypothetical research model using fit indices showed that the hypothetical model fits the measurement model (CFI=0.97, NFI=0.99, RMSEA=0.044). Conclusion: Consistent with the dual control model, the results of this research showed that coping skills have an effect on the marital satisfaction of women and men, and these findings emphasize that along with the coping skills of each person in marital relationships, the cognitive schemas activated in the sexual context are also important.

Aim and Background: Marital satisfaction is very important in the second decade of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) and attachment styles based on the mediating role of self-compassion among couples in the second decade of life. Methods and Materials: The present method was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population included all the couples of Isfahan city who were living in the second decade of their life together. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and 384 couples (768 people) were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The data were collected through Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1989), Costa and McCrae's Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire (1997), Hazen and Shiver's Adult Attachment Questionnaire (1987), and Shafqat Neff's Questionnaire (2003) and analyzed with PLS software. Findings: The results showed that the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) and attachment styles can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion. Another finding of the research showed that the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion. Finally, the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on attachment styles can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion. Conclusions: It seems that self-compassion can affect marital satisfaction, and on the other hand, favorable personality traits and secure attachment style can increase marital satisfaction.

Background. Breast cancer is still considered as one of the most important diseases, the most common cancer, and the second cause of death among women. It is necessary to evaluate the factors responsible for breast cancer (e.g., marital stress) since majority of the breast cancer cases in Iran are active young women hoping to live a normal social and sexual life, and because breast emptying has destructive effects on self-image and marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between satisfaction and marital stress in mastectomy surgery. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 120 married women with breast cancer were selected using available methods. The data were collected using a questionnaire with three parts including demographic questions, Enrich marital satisfaction, and Stockholm marital stress. Parametric tests and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results. There was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and type of mastectomy surgery (P>0.01). Also, there was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and demographic variables (P>0.01). Conclusion. It was concluded that the marital satisfaction and marital stress had no significant relationship with the type of breast surgery. Practical Implications. Type of breast surgery had no effect on marital stress and satisfaction.

Introduction: To continue the marriage, marital intimacy is essential. Intimacy is very important for a healthy relationship. This study examined the effect of marital intimacy on life satisfaction with the mediation of love, compatibility test, and marital satisfaction in Khuzestan University staff. Method: The aim of the present study is applied research and correlational data collection was done through structural equation modeling. The population includes all employees of Islamic Azad University in Khuzestan province in 1399 these organizations were working at the end of the 17th Islamic Azad University in Khuzestan province, eight Islamic Azad University were randomly selected from each university staff Faculty of Humanities of University, where selected. To test the hypothesis of the study, 330 people were chosen to stage the random sampling method. The questionnaire for the current conditions and limits for transportation and communication about the disease, corona sampling, and Running the Internet (social networks such as cable and WhatsApp) were distributed and 308 were returned, finally, that after removing the questionnaire and also threw incomplete data, about 10 questionnaires, 298 questionnaires were analyzed (questionnaire return rate of 0.80 percent). Instruments included were a questionnaire on marital intimacy by Walker and Thompson (1983), a questionnaire by Hatfield and Rpsvn Love (1993), Spinner Inventory Adjustment Couple (1976), Bloom and Mehrabian Marital Satisfaction (1999) and Diener et al. Life Satisfaction (1985). Analysis with the help of structural equation modeling was performed using SPSS and AMOS-24. In the present study questionnaires to assess the reliability of marital intimacy, love, compatibility of couples, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction Cronbach's alpha was used, and its value, respectively, 0.93, 0.91, 0.92, 0.59, and 0.64 respectively. Results: The results showed that the proposed model was fitted to the data. The results showed a positive and significant effect of marital intimacy on love, compatibility of couples, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction; Love also had positive and significant effects on life satisfaction, life satisfaction, and marital satisfaction compatibility test to the satisfaction of life. In addition, the results also showed that indirect routes to marital intimacy through love, compatibility of couples, and marital satisfaction have a positive effect on life satisfaction. Discussion: Intimacy with the spouse, dependence, sharing ideas, joint activities, are the characteristics of an intimate couple. Therefore, love, marital adjustment, and life satisfaction can be higher in couples who have a higher degree of intimacy. In fact, couples who have more intimacy are more capable of facing problems and changes related to their relationship, and as a result, they experience more love between them, higher marital compatibility, and more marital satisfaction. Therefore, marital intimacy through love, marital compatibility, and marital satisfaction leads to increased life satisfaction between couples. Accordingly, recognizing and examining the factors that cause the stability and strength of the family, can be a useful step towards increasing the stability of married life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: although the phenomenon of substance abuse disorder has been discussed in many studies; however, less attention has been paid to the factors affecting its recurrence. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to provide a causal model of relapse of substance abuse disorder based on personality and permanent employment with the mediating role of marital satisfaction. Method: The research method was descriptive of the correlation type, and the statistical population included all recovered drug abusers, members of the human rehabilitation population of the 60th Congress of Shahrekord. The statistical sample was 250 people from this group who were selected on the basis of availability and answered the questionnaires of Neo personality characteristics, energy marital satisfaction and predicting return to drug use. Data were also analyzed by SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software. Findings: The results showed that the direct effect of neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness on substance abuse relapse is positive and significant, and responsibility, job status, and job satisfaction have a negative and significant effect on substance abuse relapse. The indirect effect of personality characteristics and job status on substance abuse relapse is significant. Discussion: Counselors and therapists should pay more attention to factors affecting drug abuse, including personality traits, stable job, and marital satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Marital satisfaction serves as a fundamental predictor of stability and well-being within individuals' lives and families. Aim: This study aims to develop a structural model that predicts marital satisfaction among young couples by examining the interplay between behavioral activation/inhibition systems and attachment styles. Method: The current study was a description of structural equations. A sample of 370 young couples in Tehran during the year 2021 was selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1998), the Behavioral Activation/ Inhibition Scale (1994), and the Adult Attachment Scale (2015). Path analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 and LISREL version 8.8 for data analysis. Results: The results of the path analysis revealed several significant findings. Firstly, the inhibition system demonstrated a direct negative impact on marital satisfaction (ß=-0.16, P<0.05), along with ambivalent insecure attachment (ß=-0.42, P<0.01) and avoidant insecure attachment (ß=-0.19, P<0.05). Conversely, secure attachment displayed a direct and positive effect on marital satisfaction (ß=0.26, P<0.01). Furthermore, the inhibition system exhibited a direct and positive influence on avoidant insecure attachment (ß=0.18, P<0.01) and ambivalent insecure attachment (ß=0.19, P<0.01). Additionally, the activation system had a direct positive effect on secure attachment (ß=0.28, P<0.05) but a direct negative effect on avoidant attachment (ß=-0.30, P<0.01). Conclusion: The results of the study underscore the direct predictive role of the activation/inhibition system in marital satisfaction, with attachment styles playing an indirect role. Therefore, therapists should consider these variables to enhance satisfaction levels in couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to present a structural model of marital satisfaction based on the father's participation in parenting, problem-solving skills, and cognitive emotion regulation through the mediation of family resilience and emotional empathy in mothers with cerebral palsy children. The research was a descriptive survey and structural equation type. The statistical population of mothers with children with cerebral palsy in Rasht was 240 people (subjects) in 2022. The samples were selected by a targeted method and after matching based on age and gross motor function classification system and by Kargesi and Morgan 148 table. Data using questionnaires, ENRICH marital satisfaction, Alabama parenting test (parent form), family problem solving, emotion regulation, family resilience, emotional empathy (interpersonal reactivity index), collect and with software (SPSS V. 28) and (Lisrel V. 10), were analyzed. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between father's participation in parenting, problem solving skills, cognitive emotion regulation, family resilience and emotional empathy with marital satisfaction. There was an indirect relationship between the father's participation in parenting, problem-solving skills, and cognitive emotion regulation through the mediation of family resilience and emotional empathy with marital satisfaction. It is necessary to develop and strengthen the father's participation in parenting, problem-solving skills, cognitive regulation of emotions, family resilience, and emotional empathy with appropriate training, so as to increase the level of marital satisfaction in these couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Marital satisfaction is one of the concepts that creates sexual health in a person and one of the most important influencing factors in the family is having marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate marital satisfaction in pregnant women during the outbreak of Covid-19 in Jahrom city. Material and Method The present study is a descriptive and analytical type that was conducted in 1400 with the participation of 287 women referring to women's clinic in Jahrom city using easy and accessible sampling. The data collection tool was personal and social characteristics and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results The results showed that the average marital satisfaction of women participating in the study was 175.59±25.38. The level of marital satisfaction of the majority of women was high (56.6%). With increasing age, women's marital satisfaction decreases; But with the improvement of the economic situation, women's marital satisfaction has increased. Also, the results of the t-test showed that there is no relationship between women's marital satisfaction and its components with covid-19. Conclusion Based on the results of the present study, the marital satisfaction of the majority of pregnant women was reported at a high level during the Corona period. Marital satisfaction of women has been influenced by various factors such as age and economic status. By knowing more about the effective components in improving marital satisfaction, effective steps can be taken to improve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Resilience is known as a component that plays an important role in tolerating the hardships of the occupational and marital environment. Therefore, it is identified as the main construct of personality, so identifying variables that can predict resilience is important. Methods: The present study is based on the basic purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive data is correlational with structural equation model. The statistical population of the study included married female nurses in public health centers and hospitals of Alborzand province that 400 of them were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Conor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Denis and Vanderwal Cognitive Flexibility Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Granevsky et al., Short Form Skorn and Smith Self Differentiation Questionnaire, and Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale were used. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling test and SPSS 26 and Amos24 software were used. This research is IR identifier. ZUMS. REC.1401.297 has been approved by the ethics committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. . Participants were given informed consent and were assured that their information would be confidential. Results: The critical ratio between cognitive flexibility (r=76.7), cognitive emotion regulation (r = 72.9.), self-differentiation (r = 71.2), marital adjustment (r = 79.6) and resiliency was found at the significance level of 0.01. The results showed that the data fit with the conceptual model of the research. Also, the mediating role of marital adjustment, between cognitive flexibility, self-differentiation and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire on resilience was confirmed. According to the results, to increase the resilience of married female nurses, it is recommended to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this class. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it is suggested to the officials of the treatment staff to pay special attention to cognitive, emotional and emotional variables of this group to increase the resilience of married female nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to explain the modeling of premenstrual syndrome based on marital satisfaction and personality traits mediated by early maladaptive schemas. The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all married students of Tehran Azad University in 1399-1400, from which 400 people were selected by stepwise cluster sampling. In this study, the tools of premenstrual syndrome (Siah Baz et al., 2011), marital satisfaction (Enrich, 1998), neo-personality traits (Costa and McCray, 1992) and early maladaptive schemas (Young, 1988) were used, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. SPSS-V23 and Amos-V8.8 software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was also used to answer the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the model has a good fit. The results also showed that marital satisfaction had a significant direct negative effect on premenstrual syndrome. Eagerness for new experiences, agreement and responsibility have had a significant direct negative effect on PMS. Neuroticism also had a significant negative direct effect on premenstrual syndrome. Marital satisfaction has had a direct negative effect on early maladaptive schemas. Eagerness for new experiences, agreement, and responsibility have had a significant direct negative effect on early maladaptive schemas. Neuroticism also had a significant negative direct effect on premenstrual syndrome. Early maladaptive schemas had a direct effect on premenstrual syndrome. This means that the level of premenstrual syndrome increases with the increase of early maladaptive schemas. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables in prevention and designing more appropriate therapies will help researchers and therapists

Aim and Background: Improving the level of marital satisfaction can strengthen family ties and promote a long-lasting marriage. Cognitive-behavioral techniques, such as problem-solving, have proven to be efficacious in mitigating conflicts and augmenting marital satisfaction. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to scrutinize the effectiveness of family-oriented problem-solving training in couples’ marital satisfaction. Methods and Materials: This is a quasi-experimental applied study with a pretest and posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included married individuals who referred to the Psychological Counseling Center at Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah Branch, Iran, in 2019. Initially, 30 couples were selected by purposeful sampling, who were then randomly assigned to the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group then received ten 90-minute sessions of family-centered problem-solving training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The Afrooz Marital Satisfaction Scale (2010) was used for data collection. After the posttest stage, the collected data were analyzed in SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics and covariance analysis. Findings: Covariance analysis revealed that the utilization of family-oriented problem-solving training had a significant influence on boosting couples’ marital satisfaction (p

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is originally a behavioral disorder that begins in childhood and could continue into adolescence and even middle age if appropriate therapies are not used. The aim of the present research was to design a structural model of the severity of a child’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on family functioning and mother-child interaction with the mediating role of marital satisfaction in mothers dwelling in Tehran. In this survey, the statistical population consists of hyperactive male children along with their mothers in Tehran in 2021, among them 212 people were selected through purposive sampling method. The research tools are McMaster Epstein et al. (1978) family functioning questionnaires, Dragatis and Ziklzorak's mental health (1973), Connor, Arhad, and Sparrow's severity of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (1999), and Enrich's marital satisfaction from Olson, Fornier, and Derakman (1987). The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that all direct paths were significant (P> 0.05), except family functioning path to severity of child’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In addition, indirect paths of family functioning with the severity of child’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with the mediating role of marital satisfaction (P< 0/01), and also, mental health with the severity of child’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with the mediating role of marital satisfaction (P< 0/01), were significant. According to the results, the proposed model benefited from having a good model fit and has taken an important step towards understanding the factors affecting the severity of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in children.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and positive psychotherapy on marital satisfaction and feelings of loneliness in married women without parental consent. The present practical study used a single-case experimental design with multiple asynchronous baselines. The statistical population included women who were married without parental consent. The sample consisted of 6 individuals selected from among women married without parental consent in Khorramabad. Emotion-focused therapy and positive psychotherapy protocol were conducted during three baseline phases and 10 sessions of 90-minute intervention and follow-up in three phases in 2021, and subjects answered the Marital Satisfaction and Feelings of Loneliness scales in two groups of three. Data were analyzed using the visual drawing, reliable change index (RCI), and percent recovery formula. The results of the study indicated that the average rate of improvement in the marital satisfaction variable of emotion-oriented treatment at post-treatment for three individuals was 61.41% and at follow-up 60.91%, positive treatment, in the post-treatment for three people was 53.21 percent and for the follow-up 51.46%, in the variable of the feeling of loneliness, emotion-oriented treatment in the post-treatment for three people was 58.36% and for the follow-up 58.9%, positive treatment, in the post-treatment for three people was 59.56% and for the follow-up it was 59.76%. The results of the study show that both the emotion-focused and positive treatments had an effect on marital satisfaction, with the emotion-focused treatments having a stronger effect. In addition, both treatments had an effect on feelings of loneliness and there was no significant difference.

Introduction: It has always been important to pay attention to the psychological problems of spouses of self-sacrificing families due to their specific risks. The teachings of Islam provide a practical and efficient framework that can help improve marital relations. Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of communication skills with an emphasis on the teachings of Islam on Positive psychological states and marital satisfaction in wives of veterans in Zahedan. Material and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The study focused on the wives of veterans in Zahedan in 2022. Thirty individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen through voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools included the Enrich marital satisfaction scale (Olson et al.) and positive psychological states (Rajaei et al). The experimental group received training in communication skills with an emphasis on Islamic teachings, delivered twice weekly over eight 1.5-hour sessions, while the control group did not receive training. Data analysis utilized chisquare and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS26 statistical software. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, education and employment demographic variables (P<0.05). Other results showed that teaching communication skills with an emphasis on the teachings of Islam increased the scores of positive psychological states (P<0.001, F=73.804; Mper=256.99 and Mpost=90.337) and life satisfaction (P<0.001, F=49/934; Mper=101/07 and Mpost=129/52) was effective for wives of self-sacrificing families. Conclusion: Conclusion: Training in communication skills, with a focus on the teachings of Islam, should be utilized as an effective intervention to enhance positive psychological well-being and life satisfaction in wives of self-sacrificing families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Identifying the psychosocial factors that intervene in the creation of postpartum depression can lead to reducing the occurrence of this disorder, facilitating health promotion behaviors and effective adaptation of the mother with the child and the family after a stressful period. The purpose of this study was to present a structural model of postpartum depression based on social support and marital satisfaction with the mediation of parental stress Materials and Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional study. The samples of the research were all women who had just given birth, 415 mothers who referred for natural delivery and caesarean section were collected by random sampling from Motahari Hospital in Jahrom. Data collection tools included the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), the MOS Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) Sherbourne and Stewart, the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMS) and the short form of Abidin Parenting stress Index (PSI-4-SF), which was completed 4 to 8 weeks after delivery. Data analysis was done using the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software version 24, and the reliability of the tools was checked by Cronbach's alpha method and with the help of SPSS software version 23. The factorial structure of each instrument was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis method. Results: Social support and marital satisfaction cannot have a direct effect on postpartum depression. Social support indirectly (β = -0.24, p = 0.03) has a significant effect on postpartum depression through parental stress, and marital satisfaction indirectly through parental stress (β = -0.59, p = 0.02) can be effective on postpartum depression. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the mediating role of parental stress in the relationship between social support and marital satisfaction in predicting postpartum depression symptoms. Therefore, by reducing parental stress, postpartum depression symptoms can be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Breast cancer is still considered as one of the most important diseases, the most common cancer, and the second cause of death among women. It is necessary to evaluate the factors responsible for breast cancer (e.g., marital stress) since majority of the breast cancer cases in Iran are active young women hoping to live a normal social and sexual life, and because breast emptying has destructive effects on self-image and marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between satisfaction and marital stress in mastectomy surgery. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 120 married women with breast cancer were selected using available methods. The data were collected using a questionnaire with three parts including demographic questions, Enrich marital satisfaction, and Stockholm marital stress. Parametric tests and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results. There was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and type of mastectomy surgery (P>0.01). Also, there was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and demographic variables (P>0.01). Conclusion. It was concluded that the marital satisfaction and marital stress had no significant relationship with the type of breast surgery. Practical Implications. Type of breast surgery had no effect on marital stress and satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: The family is the smallest unit of society and its health and disease are directly or indirectly involved in the health and disease of the community; but despite the importance of the family as a good environment for socializing and educating future generations, today many families suffer from traumas such as divorce, marital disputes, suicide, runaway children and other issues. They have shaken and in some cases destroyed the healthy family relationship that is necessary for the survival and strengthening of the family. The phenomenon of marital boredom is a kind of burnout and physical, emotional, and psychological exhaustion that is caused by the mismatch between expectations and reality in married life. Boredom is gradual and less sudden. In fact, love and intimacy gradually fade away and decay. At worst, boredom means the total breakdown of marital relationships. The behavioral-cognitive approach is one of the most important therapeutic approaches that has attracted the attention of psychologists. Today, the application of the behavioral-cognitive approach in couple therapy has been approved. Considering that the problem of marital boredom in couples, which is caused by annoyance, frustration, despair, and a large psychological-emotional distance between couples, is one of the main reasons for emotional divorce, and if not properly addressed and treated, It provides the ground for formal divorce of couples, so it is important to pay attention to this phenomenon and treat its destructive effects on the marital and family system. On the other hand, supervised and clinical research on emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and their effect on conflict and boredom in couples are small, so the present study to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive couple therapy- Behavior on the boredom of the couple seems necessary. Since in order to increase marital satisfaction and strengthen marital relations, it is necessary to pay attention to the cause and effect of incompatibility and as mentioned, both of these theories have completely different views on this category (incompatibility), in this study, the effectiveness of couples Emotion-oriented therapy is examined in comparison with rational-emotional-behavioral couple therapy to determine which of these two approaches is more effective in reducing boredom. Methods: The present study is semi-experimental in terms of applied purpose and method of implementation. The research design of this study is a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all women who were referred to Azar Clinic in Kermanshah from the beginning of April 2017 to June 2017 due to marital conflicts and family conflicts to solve their problems and out of 200 patients, 30 people were randomly replaced in experimental group one (n = 10), experimental group two (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). They were selected and replaced using random sampling and random substitution. In general, the inclusion criteria in this study included those who had partial or desirable social and family commitments and mild or relative mental and physical health, and their performance in the way of adaptation and interpersonal relationships with their spouse was difficult and demanding. Eliminating marital problems and boredom, in other words, promoting mental health and increasing life satisfaction, have been intended to continue living together. Exclusion criteria were also couples with a history of severe addiction, longterm and frequent incarceration, leaving or running away from home, severe mental illness with psychiatric symptoms, extramarital sex complained of by one or more couples, or had severe physical illnesses that were medically diagnosed and were unable to maintain marital relationships, which according to the assessments that were made at the beginning of the referral were not included in the list of the statistical population of this study. In the present study, the marital boredom questionnaire was used. This scale was invented by Pines in 2003. The questionnaire has 21 items that include 3 main components of physical fatigue (eg feeling tired, lethargic, and having sleep disorders), emotional exhaustion (feeling depressed, hopeless, trapped), and mental exhaustion (such as feeling worthless, frustrated). And anger towards his wife). Also in this study, the experimental group participated in emotion-focused couple therapy sessions and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy sessions that lasted approximately two months and two sessions per week. Data were analyzed using Spss-21 statistical software. Results: The statistical results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were effective in reducing marital boredom and also emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were equally effective in marital boredom (P <0.001). Conclusion: In general, according to the results, it can be stated that to reduce couples' boredom, emotion-based couple therapy, and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy can be used, and couples can use these approaches to deepen their life expectancy. Emotional couple therapy is used to reduce turmoil in adult romantic relationships and to reconstruct couples' interactive patterns. During treatment, small steps are taken toward safe emotional engagement, which allows couples to reassure each other and reduce conflict. Like other studies in the field of behavioral sciences, the present study also faced limitations, including the study sample, which consisted of a couple who filed for divorce due to a severe marital dispute and went to family court counseling centers. They have referred. Due to this, the generalizability of research results to other couples who have not filed for divorce despite severe marital discord should be done with caution. Also, the participants in the study were couples who simultaneously announced their readiness to participate in the study, so caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings of this study. It is better that such interventions be performed at least on couples with a history of divorce without separation. They should also be referred. It is also suggested that the effectiveness of the approaches used in this study be compared with other approaches and follow-up should be considered in the study to evaluate the continuity of therapeutic effects over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identity Marital Satisfaction, as one of the important and determining indicators in the strength of the family, is a situation in which the husband and wife feel happy, satisfied with marriage and satisfied with each other most of the time. The purpose of this research is to investigate the moderating role of self-differentiation in the relationship. We investigated correlation between emotional abuse and attachment with marital satisfaction of couples in Bandar Abbas City. The research method was descriptivecorrelation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the couples of Bandar Abbas City in 2022-2023, out of whom 240 people were selected by available sampling method. Data collection tools included self-differentiation questionnaire, Skorn and Friedlander (2003), childhood trauma, Mohammadkhani et al. (2003), adult attachment scale, Collins and Reed (1990) and Olson's marital satisfaction scale (1994). Data analysis was done using hierarchical regression method and SPSS software version 24. The findings showed that self-differentiation can moderate the effect of emotionalmisbehavior and infatuation style dimensions on marital satisfaction at the level of p<0.01 with regression coefficients of 0.1424 and -0.370, respectively. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that self-differentiation affects the intensity of emotional abuse and attachment on marital satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marital satisfaction is important for maintaining the co-existence of couples and their well-being, and the factors that increase marital satisfaction are evident. The purpose of this study is to predict marital satisfaction based on the attitude similarity, attitude familiarity and values similarity among couples. The research design was adescriptive and correlationalstudy The statistical population of this study was all married couples in Tehran and Karaj. 126 couples were selected by voluntary and accessible method. All subjects completed the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale Questionnaire (Enrich), Dynamic Adjustment Scale Inventory (DAS) and Study of Values Questionnaire (SOV). Findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between coordination of feedback, familyarity with spouse's feedback and coordination of couples' values with marital satisfaction. These variables have the power to predict marital satisfaction. Concerning the spouse's feedback and coordination, the couple's values are equal to 0.71 and their common variance is equal to 0.50, which means that the desired variables predict 50% of the couple's marital satisfaction. The results showed the importance of coordinating feedback, familiarity with the spouse's feedback and coordinating the couple's values on marital satisfaction, which can be considered in marriage counseling sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to present a structural model of marital satisfaction based on father's participation in parenting, problem solving skills, and the cognitive emotion regulation through the mediation of family resilience and emotional empathy in mothers with cerebral palsy children. The research was descriptive survey and structural equation type. The statistical population of mothers with children with cerebral palsy in Rasht was 240 people subjects in 2022. The samples were selected by a targeted method and after matching based on age and gross motor function classification system and by Kargesi and Morgan 148 table. Data using questionnaires, ENRICH marital satisfaction, Alabama parenting test (parent form), family problem solving, emotion regulation, family resilience, emotional empathy (interpersonal reactivity index), collect and with software (SPSS V. 28) and (Lisrel V. 10), were analyzed. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between father's participation in parenting, problem solving skills, cognitive emotion regulation, family resilience and emotional empathy with marital satisfaction. There was an indirect relationship between father's participation in parenting, problem solving skills and cognitive emotion regulation through the mediation of family resilience and emotional empathy with marital satisfaction. It is necessary to develop and strengthen the father's participation in parenting, problem-solving skills, and cognitive regulation of emotions, family resilience and emotional empathy with appropriate training, so as to increase the level of marital satisfaction in these couples.