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Introduction: Alcoholic and aqueous extracts and total alkaloids of the seed of (Syrian rue) peganum harmala L. as scolicidal compound against Hydatid cyst protoscolices were assessed in this study. Methods and Materials: This study was carried out both invitro and by inoculating inside the intact cysts in the shaking bath and dry incubator at 37°c. Different concentration of suspensions were tested in different exposure times. Mortality of protoscolices was determined by their loss of mortality, ability to take vital stains and inactivity of flame cells. Results: The results indicated that alcoholic extract had scolicidal effect against protoscolices; total alkaloids had stronger action and rapid effect on protoscolices.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy for reducing patients' anxiety after cardiac bypass surgery. The study utilized a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study included patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery and were referred to the Rehabilitation Center of Tehran Heart Hospital in 2018. Thirty patients who scored high for anxiety on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DAS-21) questionnaire were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was exposed to an independent variable (multidimensional spiritual intervention) for ten 90-minute sessions in the hospital rehabilitation center. The results of repeated measurement test showed that there was a significant difference in the anxiety scores for the experimental and control groups in the pre-test, post-test, and one-month and three-month follow-up stages. In addition, there was a significant difference in the pretest-posttest in the spiritual group. There was no significant difference in post-test scores between one-month and three-month follow-ups. Reducing negative emotions by multidimensional spiritual therapy plays an important role in preventing the more severe complications of heart disease, therefore, interventions based on the results of this study are recommended for heart patients.IntroductionCardiovascular diseases, with 11 million deaths per year, are the most important cause of disability and death in the world (Alrawi & Alrawi, 2017). A large number of coronary artery disease (CHD) patients who do not respond to drug treatments undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) (Amjadian et al., 2018). This surgery is accompanied by psychological reactions such as stress, anxiety, and depression. As disturbing factors in treating patients, it affects patients' quality of life, recovery after surgery, the efficiency of surgery, and the rate of death after surgery (Turk-Adawi et al., 2018). The fear of death, disability, and reduced range of motion fuel this anxiety following the continuation of symptoms (Allen et al., 2018). Moreover, anxiety can cause various physical and psychological symptoms such as heart palpitations, increased blood pressure, inability to concentrate, insomnia, and fear of consequences. It seems that the intervention that helps to moderate patients' emotions is multidimensional spiritual treatment psychotherapy. In the form of Lazarus therapy, and in addition to the external dimension of personality, multidimensional spiritual treatment psychotherapy focuses on the spiritual dimension (Richards & Bergin, 2004). Activating the spiritual dimension can take all of them under the and give them unity (Khayatan Mostafavi et al., 2019). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy on the anxiety of patients after heart bypass surgery. MethodThe study employed a quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The research population included cardiac patients with coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) at Tehran Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Iran in 2018. The sample included 30 patients who scored a high anxiety score on the DAS scale. They were selected via convenient sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the multidimensional spiritual intervention, and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Finally, the repeated measurement test conducted by SPSS-20 software were used to analyze the data. ResultsThirty patients were studied to examine the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual treatment for reducing their anxiety. From the sample, 66.81% were men and 33.19% were women. The highest frequency was related to the age group of 60-69 (45.7), and the lowest frequency was 49-40 (15.8). There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in demographic variables and clinical data at baseline. In the experimental group, there was a significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of anxiety in the pre-test and post-test stages. However, no significant difference was seen in the pre-test and post-test scores of the control group. Repeated measure variance analysis showed a significant difference in the anxiety scores between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test, post-test, and one-month and three-month follow-up. The results of the mean difference test comparing the spiritual group and the control group in four stages showed that there was a difference in anxiety scores in the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group (F=11.067, p

Despite the difference in the ways to legitimize of the judgment of imitator, a person who imitate from legal authority, it is agreed that he can judge during an emergency. Now, one of the questions that may be posed is that on what Fatwa should the imitator judge? On the other hand, according to the existence of law in the Islamic society, a new question can be raised: Is it correct that he judges according to a law that is set on the different mujtahids’ Fatwa and What is the duty when there is a conflict between the Fatwa and the law? According to the opinions on this issue, the judge must verdict according to the Fatwa of his legal authority, or the mujtahid which has appointed him to the post of judging. According to these two opinions, judging by law about parties in action in the assumption of non-compliance with one of these two fatwas is not valid. The authors believe that the reasons presented about these two opinions are not capable of proving them and they have a theory that can legitimize judgments on the basis of law.

As an indicator of the intensity of the heat temperature air is a basic element of understanding and view of the solar energy received by the Earth's irregular changes included extensive. Ice cold waves and one of the most important phenomena in Climatology is the study of daily temperature changes over time arises. The aim of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of core cooling in the North West of Iran during the various waves. For this purpose minimum temperature data and climatology station 42 were the highest during the period of the country's Meteorological Agency. The day was considered as a cold wave that has a standard score equal to or less than 2 / -1. In accordance with this definition programming using MATLAB software environment days with cold wave extraction and analysis of spatial autocorrelation Moran was studied and analyzed. The results of this study indicate that although core cooling waves of distributed heterogeneous spatial distribution has been but the major focus of this core cluster pattern in the eastern part of the study area is high. The results of the analysis showed that in the course of recent decades addition to the marked decline in the range of core cooling, The intensity of cooling cores for different durations, especially the continuation of five and six days has been reduced.

Iran has a dry land with very small amount of precipitation so that its average rainfall is less than one third of average rainfall in the world. Nowadays, with increase in population demand for food increased. Therefore, utilization of water resources extended much more than the past. This amount of consumption was more than the amount of ground water resources. In other words, input source become less than output. Therefore shortage of ground water resources should be compensated through artificial recharge of ground water resources. The purpose of this study is zoning watershed for artificial recharge ground water. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is one of the most efficient techniques designed to multiple criteria decision making. This technique allows formulation of complex issues as hierarchy and also provides the possibility to consider various quantitative and qualitative criteria in question. To ensure the final results, potential layer of study area was provided in raster calculator, weighed overlay and weighted sum methods. The results show that among the three methods mentioned above raster calculator method allocated the maximum of area to high potential against weighed overlay that allocated the minimum area. But the weighted sum method is between the two methods and results of its confidence are higher. Among these, zones with highest potential are based on more coarse alluvial sediments and most areas with the highest density and zones with lowest potential both coincide with highest altitutes with the lowest penetration and steep slope and the low areas with high density of gypsum deposits and high rate of evaporation and temperature. The results of this study can be used in environmental management of groundwater resources and also the fruitful exploitation of optimal design of water resources and prevention of over exploitation of which can be productive.