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Background and Aim: Hypoxia is a common stressor during childbirth, while hyperthermia-induced seizures are prevalent in infancy and childhood. This study aims to investigate the impact of hypoxia induction at parturition on the severity of hyperthermia seizures, as well as cognition and motor coordination in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 28 male Wistar rats were utilized. Four groups (7 rats each) included: control, hyperthermia (15 minutes of exposure to hot air at 41°C), hypoxia (7% oxygen and 93% nitrogen for 1 hour), and hypoxia combined with hyperthermia. We evaluated the number of tonic-clonic seizures and seizure threshold. Behavioral assessments in adult male offspring were conducted using new object recognition, open field, rotarod, inverted grid, and parallel bar tests. Results: In the hyperthermia + hypoxia group, the number of tonic-clonic seizures increased while the seizure threshold decreased (P < 0.05). Cognition in adult rats from the hypoxia + hyperthermia group was significantly impaired compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The distance traveled and speed in the open field (P

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder linked to physical and mental illnesses, impacting cognitive-motor skills and daily functioning. Objective: This study aims to assess the influence of body mass, functional balance, and motor coordination on the quality of life among male military personnel with PTSD. Materials and Methods: The descriptive-correlational study involved male military personnel aged 30 to 55 with PTSD from medical centers of FARAJA, SEPAH, and the Ministry of Defense, in 2021. A Convenience sample of 60 subjects participated voluntarily. Quality of life (SF-36), Berg functional balance, and tandem gait tests were utilized. Data analysis included Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression Results: Pearson correlation revealed significant associations between quality of life and functional balance (r=0.790), motor coordination (r=0.672) and body mass index (r=0.640). Linear regression indicated that functional balance (23%), motor coordination (10%), and body mass (10%) scores could predict quality of life in male military personnel with PTSD (P≤0.01). Conclusion: Body mass index, functional balance and movement coordination motor coordination are predictive factors for quality of life of male military personnel with PTSD. Changes in body mass index affecting physical stability, balance loss posing a fear of falling, and reduced movement coordination impacting physical skill execution efficiency can significantly influence quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Bilateral coordination skills are one of the key factors in performing simple to skillful sports task, so far the differences between ball and non-ball fields have not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differences in asymmetric bilateral coordination between male and female athletes in ballplayers and non-ballplayers. Methods: The samples of this study were randomly selected from the young girls and boys (Mean±SD of age 26.00±4.50) in ball fields (14) and non-ball fields (16) of the Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Tehran. All subjects had complete visual acuity and the consent form of the research. The instrument of Vienna was used to measure peripheral visual. Results: The statistical results of MANOVA test showed that there is significant difference in asymmetrical bilateral coordination between ballplayers and non-ballplayers and girls and boys (P≥0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that asymmetric bilateral coordination performing in ball players had better than non-ball players and girls than boys. According the importance of bimanual coordination skills in the implementation of championship sports, as well as considering gender differences and the positive impact of ball exercises on ball coordination, sports coaches can provide training, especially at a younger age, to facilitate learning of this fundamental skill.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of proprioceptive training on motor coordination in children with autism spectrum disorder in Shiraz schools. The method was quasi-experimental and a pretest/posttest design with a control group. 16 participants (5 to 12 years old, 8.62 ± 2.21) were randomly homogenized in experimental and control groups according to the results of Bruininks-Oseretsky subtests. Experimental subjects individually performed proprioceptive training in 24 sessions while the control group individually performed the similar number of sessions of regular occupational therapy. After the completion of the training course, posttest was conducted for both groups. Results demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups in all subscales of eye, hand and bimanual coordination (P≤0.05). Regarding the evaluations in this study and the significance of motor coordination due to changes in processing and sensory-motor systems, it can be concluded that proprioceptive training improved motor coordination in children with autism.

Coordination is an important part of successful movements in daily life and sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of cognitive activities on intrapersonal and interpersonal motor coordination in taekwondo athletes (Poomsae). The population consisted of Poomsae male athletes in Tehran city. 30 individual Poomsae athletes and 30 team Poomsae athletes (age range: 17 - 30 years old) were selected by convenience sampling method. The sample was divided into 3 groups: control, easy cognitive activities and difficult cognitive activities. The control group only performed the motor coordination task whereas the cognitive groups performed the dual task. The results of one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference for two handed (P=0.003) and two legged (P=0.04) coordination in total time factor (speed). Also, there was a significant difference in the error percentage factor for interpersonal motor coordination (P=0.02). In a two by two group analysis, the easy (P=0.003) and difficult (P=0.001) cognitive activities groups in two handed motor coordination and the difficult cognitive activities group in two legged (P=0.02) and interpersonal (P=0.01) motor coordination performed better than the control group. It is suggested that difficult activities should be used in addition to regular physical activities.

Visual impairments as an individual constraint can lead to the lack of adequate visual perception and overshadow children’s all developmental aspects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a course of core stability training on fundamental skills in visually impaired boys. 30 visually impaired children (age range: 5-7 years) were selected by convenience sampling method. After the Ulrich pretest, they were randomly divided into two groups: the core stability training group and the ordinary daily activities. The experimental group participated in the core stability training for 16 sessions, each session 45 minutes. The control group carried out their daily activities. The results of mixed analysis of variance 2 × 2 and Bonferroni post hoc test indicated a significant difference in scores between the two groups so that the subjects of the experimental group outperformed the control group in all locomotors subscales (P

Schizophrenia is one of the most important and disabling mental disorders in the world. Males and females are equally affected. Diagnosis is a very difficult problem in this disorder. Because the diagnostic systems such as ICD-10 and DSM-IV are mainly subjective, they are not valid and reliable. Essentially, in the future, we will need to more objective criteria in psychiatry especially in diagnosis of schizophrenia. Neurological soft signs are an example of these objective criteria. In this study we evaluated the prevalence of neurological soft signs in schizophrenic patients and compared it with the prevalence of these signs in other psychotic patients (except mood disorders with psychotic features) and normal subjects."nMethods: We compared the neurological soft signs (sensory motor integration, motor. Coordination, consequent complex motor acts, primary reflexes, and eye movements) in 30 schizophrenic patients, 30 other psychotic patients (other than mood disorders with psychotic features) and 30 normal subjects. Diagnosis of schizophrenia and also other psychoses were based on DSM-IN criteria. Normal subjects have been selected form the staff of Roozbeh hospital randomly."nResults: The difference between the means of motor coordination subscale of neurological soft signs in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders (other than mood disorders with psychotic features) were significant (P value < 0.04). There were no significant differences between the means of other subscales of neurological soft signs in two groups of patients."nConclusion: There are some disturbances of motor coordination subscale of neurological soft signs in patients with schizophrenia. It seems that, these disturbances are evidence of involvements of basal ganglia, motor cerebral cortex, and cerebellum. So it may be suggested that motor coordination as a marker can be used in differentiation between the schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.

Background and aims: Having no motor coordination happens due to different factors such as nervous cerebral damages, muscular problems, anemia, and consuming drugs. Previous studies have shown different effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) such as, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, anti-acetylecholinstrase activity and reducing blood glucose. This study was aimed to examine the effect of ethanolic extract of beet roots and leaves on motor coordination. Methods: In this experimental study, beet ethanolic extracts were prepared from roots and leaves using maceration method. Wistar rats (200-250 gr.) were randomly divided into 7 groups of 8 rats and then saline or beet extracts were injected distilled water, extracts prepared from roots doses (500, 250 and 1000 mg/kg) and leaves (50, 100 mg/kg) for 25 days. In day 26, 30 min. after last injection, motor coordination was evaluated by rotarod. Results: Extracts prepared from beet roots increased motor activity in doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Extract prepared from beet leaves improved motor coordination in dose of 50 mg/kg (P<0.05), but dose of 100 mg/kg did not demonstrate significant effect compared to the control group. Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts prepared from roots and leaves of beet improve motor coordination in male adult rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disorder that leads to progressive cognitive decline. The memory dysfunction of AD has been associated with a cortical cholinergic deficiency and loss of cholinergic neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM). This study investigated the effect of ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundu tubers (CRT) on motor activity in NBM-lesioned rat model of AD and intact rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 49 Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups. For this purpose, Wistar rats received bilateral electric lesions of the NBM. The control and sham groups received distilled water while NBM-lesioned group received CRT extract for 20 days with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. Intact rats received CRT extract for 20 days without any surgery. The motor activity was assessed with Rotarod apparatus. Data were analyzed using one- way Anova and LSD test. Results: Use of ethanolic extract of CRT for 20 days improved motor activity in NBM-lesioned rats that received extract with a dose of 100 mg/kg. Ethanolic extract of CRT in the intact rats for 20 days significantly reduced motor activity when compared with the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that ethanolic extract of CRT is useful in NBM-induced lesion rats via inducing some changes in acetylcholine levels in the brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by memory impairment, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral disturbances, and deficits in activities of daily living. AD has been found to be associated with a cholinergic deficit in the post-mortem brain characterized by a significant decrease in acetylcholine amount and loss of cholinergic neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM). This study investigated the effect of Zizyphus jujuba (ZJ) extract on motor activity in NBM-lesioned rat model of AD and intact rats. Methods: In this study, 49 wistar rats were divided into 7 groups. Rats received bilateral electrolytic lesions of the NBM. The control and sham group received distilled water while NBM-lesioned groups received ZJ extract via gastric gavage for 20 days. Intact rats received ZJ extract for 20 days without any surgery. The motor activity assessed with rota-rod apparatus. Data were compared using one way ANOVA followed by LSD post test. Results: ZJ extract for 20 days improved motor activity in NBM-lesioned rats and intact rats that received extract at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. Conclusion: Results suggest that ZJ extract can improve the motor coordination both in NBM-lesioned rats and in intact rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]