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Background: Hospital surfaces and Staff hands are most common sources to transmission and spread Bacteria from hospital. β-lactame antibiotics are very important agents to control nosocomial infections. The spread of β-lactamase bacteria can disrupt the treatment process. This study was done to evaluate the frequency of β-lactamase bacteria isolated from staff hands and hospital surfaces. Methods: This study was a laboratory study and was performed in the years 2005 to 2007 in Al-Zahra (SA) hospital in Isfahan. 274 samples were selected randomly from stuff hands and hospital surfaces. Hospital surface samples were collected with swab and NB (Nutrient Broth), from high and low contact surface and staff hand samples were collected with Finger Print method. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods and β–lactamase production survey was performed with Acidometric method. Finding: Staphylococcus species were seen in 55% of 194 isolated Bacteria from hospital surface. Other bacteria that isolated from hospital surface were Bacillus species in 26.29%, Enterobacteriaceae in 9.80%, Pseudomonas species in 3.9%, other gram negative Bacteria in 4.51%, Streptococcus species in 0.5% of samples. 60% of 80 isolated Bacteria from staff hand were Bacillus species. Staphylococcus species in 36.25% and Enterobacteriaceae in 3.75% were seen in stuff hands samples. According to β–lactamase test result, respectively 75.43% and 71.23% of isolate Bacteria from hospital surfaces and staff hands, produced β-lactamase Conclusion: The results of this study have shown the high frequency of β–lactamase enzyme in isolated Bacteria from staff hands and hospital surfaces. Improving quality of hand washing and disinfectant agent are very important methods to control nosocomial infections.

Background: Hospital surfaces and Staff hands are most common sources to transmission and spread Bacteria from hospital. β-lactame antibiotics are very important agents to control nosocomial infections. The spread of β-lactamase bacteria can disrupt the treatment process. This study was done to evaluate the frequency of β-lactamase bacteria isolated from staff hands and hospital surfaces. Methods: This study was a laboratory study and was performed in the years 2005 to 2007 in Alzahra (SA) hospital in Isfahan. 274 samples were selected randomly from stuff hands and hospital surfaces. Hospital surface samples were collected with swab and NB (Nutrient Broth), from high and low contact surface and staff hand samples were collected with Finger Print method. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods and β-lactamase production survey was performed with Acidometric method. Findings: Staphylococcus species were seen in 55% of 194 isolated Bacteria from hospital surface. Other bacteria that isolated from hospital surface were Bacillus species in 26.29%, Enterobacteriaceae in 9.80%, Pseudomonas species in 3.9%, other gram negative Bacteria in 4.51%, Streptococcus species in 0.5% of samples. 60% of 80 isolated Bacteria from staff hand were Bacillus species. Staphylococcus species in 36.25% and Enterobacteriaceae in 3.75% were seen in stuff hands samples. According to β-lactamase test result, respectively 75.43% and 71.23% of isolate Bacteria from hospital surfaces and staff hands, produced β-lactamase Conclusion: The results of this study have shown the high frequency of β-lactamase enzyme in isolated Bacteria from staff hands and hospital surfaces. Improving quality of hand washing and disinfectant agent are very important methods to control nosocomial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: S-layer protects bacteria to the phagocytosis and prohibits the entry of some biomolecules and adhesion molecules to the matrix proteins which increase the stability of infection and antibiotic resistance in virulence agents. Therefore the spread of bacteria which have S-layer in the hospitals should be avoided. Surfaces can serve as reservoirs of potential pathogen and is important in the chain of infection. Surfaces bacteria have low potential to spread, but staff hands have many contacts with hospital surfaces, especially with high contact surfaces. Therefore it could be a potential source of bacteria transmission from surfaces. Methods: This research was performed in the Al-zahra hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (2005 to 2007). 274 samples were randomly selected (194 sample from surface and 80 sample from staff hand). Environmental samples collected, from high and low contact surface with swab in NB and staff hand. Samples were collected through finger print method and identification of bacteria, were performed with microbiological methods: staining, chemical test, use of differential and selective media. Isolated Bacillus cereus strains, performed with Bacillus cereus Selective Agar, for preparation samples, in first culture Bacteria in TSA, for 16h, then separated surface proteins and finally, specimen's electrophoresis proximally molecular weight marker. S-layer in Bacillus cereus has 97KD molecular weight. Findings: According to the results, the prevalence of Bacillus cereus strains was 9.49%. The prevalence of Bacillus cereus strains in environmental and staff hands were respectively 6.7% and 16.25%, and of 13 isolated Bacillus cereus from, staff hand 11 strain (84.6%) and from 13 isolated Bacillus cereus from environmental samples 1 strain (7.7%) production S-layer. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence Bacillus cereus in staff hands and hospital surfaces and frequency surface layer in Bacillus cereus isolated of staff hands into hospital surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]