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Inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign neoplasm originating in the epithelium of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, characterized by local aggressiveness manifested by bone infiltration, high recurrence rate and the risk of transformation into squamous cell carcinoma. Almost 25% of it is discovered accidentally during surgery due to chronic sinusitis. The risk factors for recurrence are still not fully understood and despite the development of diagnostic tools and surgical techniques, inverted papilloma poses a considerable clinical challenge and patients require lifelong observation. In order to systematize the current knowledge on IP, the authors reviewed the international literature on the basis of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]