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Surgical site infections (SSI) occur after surgery and develop at the incision site or deep tissues at the surgical site. Spine surgery occurs at a frequency of 1 to 25% (depending on the type of surgery). Despite the use of numerous preventive measures, SSI continues to be a significant clinical problem, is associated with prolonged treatment, patient suffering and higher costs of treatment. The type of supervision over SSI and the form of data analysis may be important for the correct application and building of prevention programs. It is determined that surveillance based on epidemiological indicators is most effective when combating SSI. Knowledge of risk factors both on behalf the patient as well as resulting from the essence of the medical procedure and its modification, may affect the occurrence of SSI. The purpose of this work was to describe the principles of supervision and to assess the risk factors and antibiotic prophylaxis of surgical site infections in spinal surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI), defined as ≥3 UTI/year or ≥2 UTI/half year, are among the most frequent bacterial infections in women and pose a significant clinical challenge to general practitioner. The main risk factors are: sexual activity with different partners, and - in postmenopausal women - urinary incontinence or incomplete voiding. In the article the current treatment and prevention strategies for rUTI are discussed.