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Unlabelled: Both metabolic and heamodynamic disorders accompany diabetes. Inadequate control of glycaemia, glication proteins and oxidative stress causes chronic thromboembolic and atherothrombosis complications. Disorders which are observed in diabetes induce intravascular platelets activation and changes with platelets' morphologic parameters. It is interesting if this process depends on glycaemic control diabetes? The aim of our study was to investigate in patients with type 2 diabetes the level of beta-thromboglobulin as the platelets activation marker and platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), which depend on diabetes control., Material and Methods: The study group included 58 patients with type 2 diabetes (middle ages was 58) with long-term anamnesis and treated only with insulin. The control group was composed by 36 healthy people (middle ages was 54). The study group was categorized into two subgroups, in depending on percent of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) which is a marker of diabetes control: B1--HbA1c < 7,5%--(13 people), B2--HbA1c > or = 7,5%--(45 people). Identical set research (beta-TG, PLT MPV and HbA1c) were carried out in both study group and the control group. Blood samples were collected from elbow vein, with no staza use and were put to test- tubes with disodium versenate (EDTA-K2) and to vacuum test- tubes Vacutainer with anticoagulant CTAD., Results: We didn't observe significantly important differences in the research parameters: B-TG, MPV and PLT between subgroups with good diabetes control and worse diabetes control. The level of beta-thromboglobulin and the mean platelet volume was significantly important higher in the study group than in the control subjects. However, PLT--platelet count, in the blood collected from patients with type 2 diabetes was slightly lower than in the control group., Conclusion: Increased activation of platelets in patients with type 2 diabetes does not depend on glycaemic control diabetes.

Patients with diabetes (type 1 or type 2) live shorter because of the long-term complications of hyperglycemia. One of the most important aims of therapy in diabetic subjects is delay in the development of long-term diabetes complications. However, another important aim of therapy in diabetic patients is the use of drugs, which not only delay the time of long-term complications development but also improve the quality of life. The paper presents the results of studies on quality of life in diabetic subjects basing on contemporary literature. In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus a quality of life decreases gradually with the duration of diabetes. The influence of intensive insulin therapy on quality of life is minimal or absent. In UKPDS study no differences in quality of live between conventionally or intensively treated patients were observed. In subjects with macrovascular complications the quality of life is significantly worse. Generally, the authors of UKPDS suggested that better glycemic control is not associated with better quality of life. Only Testa and Simonsen demonstrated that type 2 diabetic subjects treated by new "intelligent" drug--glipizide GITS (Glibenese GITS) is associated not only with better metabolic control but also with better quality of life.

In 20 patients treated previously with porcine insulin human recombined insulin Eli Lilly was tried. During one year of its use under strict therapeutic conditions a significant decrease of the requirement for insulin was achieved, especially in the first three months of the trial, especially in patients with shorter duration of diabetes. At the same time, carbohydrate metabolism improved significantly. No side effects of the new insulin were noted.

The study was aimed at assessing the results of diabetes mellitus therapy in 162 children, who underwent 1) the full programme of diabetes education (114 children) and 2) only the part of it (48 children). The first group was under care of Cracow Medical School Pediatrics Institute since the disease and had 2 weeks of formal diabetes mellitus teaching. The second group was treated in a less unified way in different hospitals and did not have the chance of regular teaching programme. The degree of metabolic control was assessed by series of Hb A1c determinations in whole 1987 year. The levels of Hb A1c were also compared with the children age, diabetes mellitus duration and the period elapsing from the time of last teaching. Children who were fully educated in the problems of their disease achieved significantly better results. In all group a deterioration of diabetes control during puberty was however observed. In children not fully educated such a deterioration was also noted in correlation with diabetes mellitus duration.

A model of management of pregnant diabetic patients is proposed. Such a model has been implemented at the Voivodeship Out-patient Clinic for Diabetics. Proposed model includes recent data on diabetes mellitus complications and the effect of coexisting diseases on the mother and fetus health. Management was adapted to the real and potential possibilities of health service in Poland. A decrease in the rate of mortality of fetuses under 7% was achieved. It is worth emphasizing despite higher value than those reported in the literature.

The study was aimed at elucidation of the effect of insulin-sensitivity on the occurring of the dawn phenomenon. Diabetic patients were investigated in whom the fasting glycaemia was often higher than 17 mmol/l (300 mg%). In all patients the euglycaemic state was maintained by a continuous i.v. infusion of insulin using a micropump and a changing infusion of glucose using Biostator. A slight increase in the insulin-sensitivity was seen in the early morning in 3 patients in whom the glucose consumption during the constant insulin infusion was 4 mg/min/kg b.w. Among 7 patients with lower glucose consumption in 6 a markedly low insulin-sensitivity was seen at down. The investigations allow to assume that the dawn phenomenon occurs mainly in patients with uncompensated diabetes which induces changes in insulin-sensitivity.