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The aim of this study in the qualitative approach is to thoroughly analyse the phenomenon of ABA and to present the perception of ABA by people working with children with ASC[1] and by me to obtain a more accurate and reliable picture of the entirety of the examined problem. I will try to explain the various meanings given to ABA and the resulting misunderstandings. This will also be an attempt to consider what professionals working with autistic children criticise or support when talking about ABA.Another goal is to organise knowledge on the subject by showing the historical background. [1] Autistic Spectrum Conditions. On the 18 June 2018, World Health Organisation released its new International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The ICD catalogues different pathologies and conditions to provide a common language to inform and control their development, as well as comparing and sharing data following standard criteria between hospitals, regions and countries in different time periods. ICD-11 was presented at the World Health Assembly in May 2019 for adoption by Member States, and came into effect on 1 January 2022.