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The placebo effect is an obligatory passage point to understand rationality in randomized clinical trials. From the perspective of science and technology studies, this paper analyzes how the notion of the placebo effect has been used by science in the production of biosocial borders. Thus, it will pay attention to the phenomena considered caused by imagination, and we will analyze the consequences of new methodologies that have recognized other potentialities of this effect but tend to favor biological markers. The central argument is that the epistemological dispute hides the multiple existences of the placebo effect to be recognized due to the different scientific practices to which it confers rationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the academic leagues in health and spirituality, a space that predominates in training on the subject in Brazil. It seeks to analyze how the training provided by these organizations in spirituality is secular, not only due to the way spirituality is mobilized but also because of the specific characteristics of the health configuration. On one hand, since the emergence of medical leagues, there have been observable connections with religion, even though they were initially inspired by science in the early 20th century. On the other hand, various religious connections can be recognized, whether in people's life trajectories or in the formation of health and spirituality leagues. In this manner, we comprehend the emergence of leagues affiliated with the Academic Association of Leagues and Study Groups in Spirituality and Health (AALEGREES), with a particular focus on their secular configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has as main purpose the research and the study of the jurisprudential position of the States of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, regarding the civil responsibility and the duty to indemnify due to error of medical diagnosis. The study arose from the need to better understand this aspect of Law that has grown in recent years, and increasingly provoked the Judiciary with numerous demands. In order to do so, it was sought to compile some theoretical concepts of civil liability in the country's legal order, initially from a broad perspective, then for focusing in the medical civil liability in a specific way. The compendium of basic information on the conception of medical activity and the definition of diagnostic error was also intended. With this, the objective was to delimit, but not to exhaust, the hypotheses in which the medical professional can be civilly responsible for error of diagnosis, considering medical and biological factors, as well as the legal elements available and applicable. Methodologically, in addition to the theoretical research, an electronic search was also carried out in the official websites of the abovementioned courts, in search of trials that dealt with a medical diagnosis error, in the period proposed, from May, 1ft of 2016 to May 5th of 2017. The subsequent analysis of the found data, indicated, among others, the difficulty that some magistrates face when they need to judge these processes, mainly due to the technical restrictions that surround the matter, as well as the importance of adequately defining the error of medical diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vision is considered one of the most important senses for the neuropsychomotor development of children and is essential for learning and socialization from the first years of life. However, the changes in anatomical and physiological conformations of the child's eye, which occur during growth, make children susceptible to eye health problems, requiring early identification and treatment so that they can be resolved. Therefore, this paper aims to present an experience report on the extension project "Visual Acuity Screening and Ametropia Identification in an Urban Terena Community in Campo Grande (Brazil)" developed by an academic team from the Medical School of the Mato Grosso do Sul State University. This project aimed at assessing the visual acuity in children aged 3 to 12 years old and was developed in four stages: planning of activities with the community, training of the work team, application of the visual acuity screening test, and strategies for health education in ophthalmology. Because the course of its development was affected by the Covid-19 scenario, it was essential for the academic team to make adaptations to minimize the negative impacts of the pandemic on the project, which had the participation of about 30 children. The results of this action provided early detection of low visual acuity in 4 children, 13% of the total surveyed. In addition, the action strengthened the institution-community relationship amid the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking previous research work into account, I intend to formulate the anthropological issue in the context of contemporary philosophy, as it has been challenged in the last decades by accomplishments of biomedicine, especially molecular genetics and bioengineering, in their medical applications and different uses with other aims. Particular attention is given to epistemic, ontological and ethical aspects, by emphasizing the capacity of different technologies, in the wake of the different equations of knowledge and power, to make and create things, authorizing philosophical speculations about the new demiurge and the geneticist "playing God". From another perspective, with the powers of technology, especially of biotechnologies, the contemporary philosophical debate is marked by intense discussions about the dangers and the menaces caused by more radical and ambitious technologies, like CRISPR and transgenics. These debates give rise to proposals such as moratoria and stricter rules for bioproducts and biohackers, leading Chinese authorities to banish two geneticists who edited the HIV-immune twins. This is the more polemical and dramatic face of contemporary moral philosophy, whose foundations will be discussed in this paper and developed in further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazilian guidelines for high school and several studies conducted in different countries have shown the importance of working in physics education the interrelations between the subject radiations and aspects of medicine/health. Thus, in order to understand how the literature of physics/science education area has addressed such relationships, we review papers published in 24 national and international journals, in two Brazilian conference proceedings (EPEFs and SNEFs) and in dissertations and theses produced in Brazilian graduate programs. We found 31 studies, four in EPEFs, fourteen in SNEFs, four in the journal Physics Education, one in the journal International Journal of Science Education, one in the journal Research in Science & Technological Education, one in the journal The Physics Teacher, one in the Brazilian journal Ensaio: Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências and five master's dissertations produced in the following universities: UFRGS, UFRJ, Unicamp and USP. In addition to synthesize each of the selected works, we systematize their contributions in three categories: I) Justifications for the teaching of radiations and specially to relate them to aspects of medicine/health; II) Considerations about didactic resources to address the issue; and III) Considerations about the results obtained from the application of educational proposals. We conclude that although the reviewed literature offers interesting contributions, there is still lack of empirical research on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drugs are the leading cause of poisoning, according to data released by the National System of Toxic-Pharmacological Information (SINITOX), and even the leading cause of poisoning in children 0-15 years. To investigate the involvement of drugs in children poisonings and identify preventive measures for this problem. This was a literary review, from papers through the available electronic databases. The main drugs involved were nasal decongestants, bronchodilators, analgesics, anticonvulsants and oral contraceptives. The main symptoms are manifested vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hyperthermia and metabolic acidosis and can be easily confused with other diseases. This complicates the diagnosis and early treatment, which ultimately favor the occurrence of severe cases. A review on prescription practices it is necessary in the children's age and health policies related to drug use, combating the culture of self-medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a discussion of some possible connections between medicine and Modernism in Pedro Nava's works. Instead of two separate experiences in the author's trajectory, we try to indicate how they are crossed in a series of significant encounters for both the doctor and the writer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of nanotechnology in medical practice has made possible great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, with the subsequent increase in life expectancy. However, scanty knowledge on the science and its potentialities brings about an underexploited factor. The use of nanotechnological tools for the improvement of test images, drugs and biosensors seems to be one of the bases of modern medicine. Nanotechnology should transcend its futuristic stigma and be incorporated as part of the process in the evolution of basic and applied science, subsidizing all areas, medicine included. Studies on the understanding of nanotechnology bases and its applicability are instruments for the dissemination of the science, triggering a better positioning for researchers, students and health professionals with regard to future changes in medical practices. Current paper presents information on the scientific bases of nanotechnology by discussing its main applications in medicine. Results will be of use for a better understanding of potentialities in nanotechnology and will contribute towards health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to present what place (function) of the psychoanalyst in general hospitals. Investigates this place from two dimensions that should be articulated: the dimension of psychoanalytic practice and the size of the institution. . It was concluded that the place of the psychoanalysts in general hospitals is somewhere between the clinical dimension and the institutional dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the use of technological objects in learning about human anatomy. The motivation is whether the technology facilitates the learning of a primarily visual content. With that purpose, relevant documents found in a systematic literature review related to the chosen were critically read. The documents were examined in the light of the cognitive load theory and multimedia instruction. As a result, a diagram named "connections of learning principles" was created. It shows the places where the principles are needed in the use of technological tools for multimedia instruction regarding the apprentice cognitive load. The contribution is in the clarification of where these theories must be appreciated in the construction of multimedia teaching materials for a successful learning. It is considered that teaching has to structure the learning according to information, presentation and content overlooking the learner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manuals of classification and diagnosis are highly objective when describing the etiology, differential diagnosis and treatment for persons suffering from the so-called eating disorders. But whereas medicine as a science must seek generalizations, psychoanalysis has the unconscious as its field of research and the subject as an effect of language. This paper deals with issues based on observations of preliminary interviews in a clinical case where the symptom of bulimia was present. The observations refer to specific aspects of the symptom in psychoanalysis, the radical difference between the concepts of "instinct " and "drive " and the particular production of knowledge in psychoanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the elements of the medical books published until the late eighteenth century are the paratexts, which unveil important aspects of the work and which are related to the legitimation of medical knowledge. This paper aims a reading of some of these paratexts - prefaces and preambles - in the works published in the Luso-Brazilian context of the eighteenth century, with the goal of identifying the principles and objectives that medicine took over in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on her experience as a collaborator psychoanalyst in two Reproduction Services, the author in this paper distinguishes three different orders of demands from physicians to psychoanalysts in relation to their activities in the context of treatments of human infertility: 1) approach of the unconscious causation of infertilities without detected organic causes; 2) aid in the construction of parenthood in cases where it is necessary the use of donors of semen, eggs or embryos or even replacement wombs; 3) help to the medical staff in making decisions in face of complex situations from a bioethical point of view, i.e., concerning demands involving the assembly of family arrangements that contradict what is socially accepted or naturally feasible. Each of these orders of demands includes a trap for the psychoanalyst. The approach of these traps is, along with the explanation of demand orders referred above, the purpose of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances are needed in the implementation of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil. Health workers are instituting agents of change in the practices of the working world. This paper aims to understand some possibilities to ponder on the political dimension in training these workers. The territory of study was a multidisciplinary health residence program in São Paulo. For data production, as well as observation, semistructured interviews were conducted with 14 residents, preceptors, mentors and program coordination. The analysis was divided into powers for the political dimension in teaching practices and management practices of the Residence. Powers were met in educational, management and world of care. Tensions created a process of self-examination in the subjects involved and provided new arrangements in the training process. It was evident that the residences can be devices for the formation of health workers in defense of SUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphism can cause quality deviations during the production of medicines and can influence their effectiveness. Therefore, an understanding of this phenomenon and its implications opens a wide field of possibilities to be explored in the pharmaceutical field, including the emergence of new paradigms and tools for the quality assurance of medicines. This paper presents an introduction to basic aspects of the polymorphism phenomenon and its implications for the production and control of medicines, with emphasis on drug polymorphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper was based on a survey performed with dentists in the Northwest Paraná, the aim was to make a preliminary analysis of the knowledge/use of digital documents in Dentistry in association with professional profile. The sample was 50 dentists that serves in clinic/office itself. A preliminary study of transversal, observational, qualitative and quantitative nature that was developed by structured interview. There were considered "professional profile" and knowledge/use of digital documents variables. The professional profile predominant was age between 20 and 30 years old, female, private college formation, with the formation time from about 6 to 10 years, not attending agreement. Regarding to knowledge/use of digital documents, predominated professionals that already heard and know some digital documents, already heard of digital certification, but didn't know/didn't use, professionals who think that the digital certificate is required for those that uses the digital document, professionals who have never heard of Brazilian public keys. In the association between knowledge/use of digital documents and professional profile has been statistically observed that dentists who are specialists know more about digital documents and digital certification requirement on electronic documents. We can conclude that professional profile had been partly associated with use/knowledge about digital documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Winnicott's playing theory brought significant modifications on contemporaneous psychoanalytic thought. The analytic relation became to be considered the creation of a potencial space in which two people have the possibility of playing together. Only then, the patient can find his self and develop his creativity. Transposed to the situation of infantile analysis, the mutual playing between patient and analyst is the principal realization of psychotherapy. Through the report of the playing of a six-year-old girl in psychoanalytic treatment, this paper aimed to demonstrate the therapeutical and changing capacity of the playing experience in the analytic relation. It was found that the mutual playing between patient and analyst made possible that significant transformations could happen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]