8 results
Search Results
2. Terena agriculture and life-system. A speech and beyond.
- Author
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Maciel, Josemar de Campos, Surian, Alessio, Brahmllari, Estela, Tarasconi, Bibiane Ferreira, and Antonio, Leosmar
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,AGROFORESTRY - Abstract
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- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Production of Fodder in a Treeless System and in Silvopastoral System in Central Argentina
- Author
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Jose Omar Plevich, Javier Gyenge, Angel Sanchez Delgado, Juan Carlos Tarico, Santiago Fiandino, and Marco Jesús Utello
- Subjects
agroforestry ,forage crop ,competition ,facilitation ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper aims to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of net aerial primary production (NAPP) of oats and sorghum in silvopastoral systems (SPS) and in a treeless situation (TLS), in Southern Cordoba, Argentina. The silvopastoral systems are composed of three woody cultures (Pinus elliottii, Eucalyptus viminalis and Quercus robur), and two grass species (Avena sativa and Sorghum sudanense). NAPP of Avena sativa and Sorghum sudanense were lower in the silvopastoral systems than in the treeless situation. However, there were also differences in terms of NAPP according to the tree species, and these differences were related to the intensity of competition between trees and grasses. Pinus elliottii and Quercus robur were less competitive than Eucalyptus viminalis, which might be associated with their morphophysiological differences, their differential growth rate and their differences in terms of phenology. Finally, facilitation effects between trees and grasses were also identified under certain conditions.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The Ecological ICMS as Inducer in the Creation of Protected Areas in Brazil: An Assessment of Policy in the States of Pernambuco, Paraná and Bahia
- Author
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Luiz Honorato da Silva Júnior, Monaliza De Oliveira Ferreira, Beatriz Mesquita Jardim Pedrosa, and Liedje Bettizaide Oliveira de Siqueira
- Subjects
ecological icms ,Geography ,conservation units ,brazil ,Agroforestry ,HD72-88 ,Inducer ,Economic growth, development, planning ,average effect of treatment - Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the ecological ICMS tax to induce the creation of conservation units in Brazil, by analyzing the results of this policy in the municipalities of the Brazilian states of Paraná, Pernambuco and Bahia. The average effect of treatment as empirical strategy was used for that purpose. This study has showed that the stage of development and population size of cities is important to explain the dynamics of protected areas. The Ecological ICMS in Paraná was found to present better results than those observed in Pernambuco, that the policy in this state can be a model for Bahia and other states wanting to implement such a policy.
- Published
- 2019
5. Indigenous Territoriality and Re-existence in the Amazon Frontier: The Rikbaktsa People and the Escondido Indigenous Land, Mato Grosso, Brazil
- Author
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Juliana de Almeida, Simone Athayde, Rosane D. R. Seluchinesk, Adriano Castorino, Ruth Albernaz, and Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso, Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso
- Subjects
Gestão territorial ,Territorialidade ,Resiliência socioecológica ,Pesquisa colaborativa ,Povo indígena Rikbaktsa ,Frontier ,Geography ,Amazon rainforest ,Land rights ,Agroforestry ,gestão socioambiental, etnoecologia ,Territorial Management ,Territoriality ,Social-Ecological Resilience ,Collaborative Research ,Rikbaktsa indigenous people ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Development ,Indigenous - Abstract
This paper presents the results of the project "We are the others: Identity and Territory Rikbaktsa”, developed under the Lato Sensu Specialization Course "Collaborative Management of Complex Social-ecological Systems in the Brazilian Amazon. The objective of the project conducted by the group of participants who focused on indigenous issues was to assess the social-ecological resilience of the Rikbaktsa indigenous people within the Escondido Indigenous Land (Cotriguaçu, Mato Grosso). The methodology was adapted from a tool developed by the group "Resilience Alliance", which enabled exploratory research focusing on the subjects: territorial reconfiguration from the 1950s; forms of use and occupation of the Escondido indigenous land; as well as challenges and lessons learned for the development of collaborative research methodologies with indigenous populations. Important attributes were identified for the resilience of the "Rikbaktsa System", in addition to factors of risk that threaten the territorial processes and resistance in which the Rikbaktsa are currently engaged. We also present reflections and recommendations for the application of concepts and methods of the complex social-ecological systems approach and principles of collaborative management with Amazonian indigenous peoples., Neste artigo são apresentados os resultados obtidos pelo projeto “Nós somos os outros: Identidade e Território Rikbaktsa”, no âmbito do Curso de Especialização “Gestão Colaborativa de Sistemas Socioecológicos na Amazônia Brasileira”, cujo objetivo foi realizar um exercício de avaliação da resiliência socioecológica do povo indígena Rikbaktsa, da Terra Indígena Escondido (Cotriguaçu, Mato Grosso). A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma adaptação da ferramenta elaborada pelo grupo “Resilience Alliance” e orientou o trabalho exploratório de pesquisa colaborativa sobre os temas: reconfiguração territorial pós-contato; formas de uso e ocupação da TI Escondido; e desenvolvimento de metodologias colaborativas junto a grupos indígenas. Foram identificados atributos importantes para resiliência do “Sistema Rikbaktsa” e fatores que ameaçam os processos de reterritorialização e resistência nos quais os Rikbaktsa estão historicamente engajados. São também apresentadas reflexões e recomendações acerca da aplicação dos conceitos e métodos relacionados à avaliação de resiliência e princípios de gestão colaborativa.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Worlds of gardens and forests
- Author
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Joana Cabral de Oliveira
- Subjects
Indigenous agriculture ,0106 biological sciences ,lcsh:Latin America. Spanish America ,Linguistics and Language ,Archeology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Biodiversity ,Opposition (politics) ,Context (language use) ,Amerindian ontologies ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Language and Linguistics ,Capoeiras e florestas ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,State (polity) ,Anthropic fores ,Roças ,Florestas antropizadas ,0601 history and archaeology ,Anthropic principle ,media_common ,Ex-gardens and forests ,060101 anthropology ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Agroforestry ,business.industry ,Ecology ,lcsh:F1201-3799 ,06 humanities and the arts ,Old-growth forest ,Agricultura indígena ,lcsh:H ,Geography ,Wajãpi ,Agriculture ,Anthropology ,business ,Gardens ,Historical ecology ,Ontologias ameríndias - Abstract
Resumo Pretendo explorar neste artigo as relações entre os domínios da roça (koo) e da floresta (ka’a), importante oposição da cosmologia wajãpi (grupo Tupi que habita o estado do Amapá). Ka’a e koo, contudo, não se constituem como uma oposição fixa, mas antes como posições relacionais que se movem, nas quais a capoeira ocupa um papel fundamental. Algo que é evidenciado tanto numa dinâmica de ocupação territorial - por meio do cultivo de áreas de mata primária e o abandono dos roçados após a colheita -, quanto por meio das relações perspectivistas que movimentam as categorias de roça e floresta, plantas cultivadas e não-cultivadas, através de distintos sujeitos. Nesse contexto, compreender a dinâmica das relações entre floresta e roçado é fundamental para melhor refletir sobre como algumas famílias wajãpi entendem a atividade agrícola. Proponho essa reflexão estabelecendo um diálogo com ecologia histórica que aponta para a existência de florestas antropizadas, contexto em que a agricultura se apresenta como uma atividade central para a produção de biodiversidade. Abstract In this paper I intend to explore the relationship between the areas of garden (koo) and forest (ka’a), a major opposition in Wajãpi cosmology. The Wajãpi are a Tupi group located in the state of Amapá. In their cosmology the garden and forest do not constitute a fixed opposition, but represent relational positions that move into two directions: a dynamic of territorial occupation by cultivating areas of primary forest, followed by the abandoning of clearings after the harvest; and perspectival relationships that shift the categories of garden and forest, cultivated and non-cultivated, through different subjects. In this context, understanding the dynamics of the relationships between forest and cultivation is critical for a better comprehension of the Wajãpi perspective on agricultural activity. I propose a reflection that establishes a dialogue with historical ecology that points to the existence of anthropic forests. In this way, agriculture is presented as a central activity for the production of biodiversity and areas of anthropic forests.
- Published
- 2016
7. Novo Modelo de Armadilha para Captura de Scolytinae e Platypodinae (Insecta, Coleoptera)
- Author
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Acacio Geraldo de Carvalho and Henrique Trevisan
- Subjects
Agroforestry ,Ecology ,forest entomology ,Platypodinae ,insect monitoring ,Forestry ,Trap (plumbing) ,Biology ,entomologia florestal ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,lcsh:Forestry ,xylophagous insects ,monitoramento de insetos ,insetos xilófagos - Abstract
RESUMO O monitoramento de insetos é atividade relevante no processo de avaliação da sanidade de povoamentos florestais, bem como em estudos ecológicos. Dessa forma, geralmente, os levantamentos são realizados utilizando-se armadilhas de captura. Em especial para os grupos Scolytinae e Platypodinae, são empregadas armadilhas de impacto, iscadas com álcool 96 ºGL. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de descrever um novo modelo desse tipo de equipamento, denominado SEMIFUNIL. O projeto propõe o uso de materiais alternativos na fabricação da armadilha: garrafa PET de 2000 mL, mangueira plástica, prato plástico e arame, buscando com isso redução de custos. ABSTRACT The insect monitoring is a relevant activity in the process of assessing forest stands health, as well as in ecological studies. Thus, in general, surveys are conducted using capture traps; for the Scolytinae and Platypodinae especially, groups impact traps are used, baited with alcohol 96 ºGL. This paper aims to describe a new trap model, denominated SEMI-FUNNEL. The project suggests the use of alternative materials in the trap manufacturing: 2000 mL PET bottle, plastic hose, plastic plate and wire, thereby seeking the reduction of costs.
- Published
- 2015
8. INTERCEPTION OF ANIMAL-ORIGIN PRODUCTS AT LAND BORDERS IN BRAZIL
- Author
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C. McManus, Marcos Eielson Pinheiro de Sá, Cristiano Barros de Melo, and Mirela Janice Eidt
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General Veterinary ,Agroforestry ,vigilância agropecuária ,fiscalização ,fronteira ,Fronteiras ,infectious diseases ,Animal origin ,land border ,Agropecuária ,doença infecciosa ,Animal Science and Zoology ,agricultural surveillance ,Business ,Interception ,inspection ,Infecção - Abstract
ResumoAgentes infecciosos e doenças dos animais podem atravessar fronteiras terrestres e contribuir para a alteração do estado sanitário de países. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi, através de um estudo retrospectivo, identificar os principais produtos de origem animal interceptados e apreendidos em três unidades de vigilância agropecuária (Uvagros/MAPA) localizadas em fronteiras terrestres (secas) na região Norte do Brasil: Assis Brasil e Epitaciolândia, no Acre, e Pacaraima, em Roraima, respectivamente fronteiras com o Peru, Bolívia e Venezuela. Os principais produtos interceptados e apreendidos no trânsito internacional de veículos e passageiros em duas das três unidades foram laticínios, pescados, carnes, embutidos, de uso veterinário e para uso na alimentação animal (ração, medicamentos e insumos) e apícolas. Devem ser melhor avaliadas as possibilidades de introdução de agentes infecciosos e de doenças que podem ameaçar o Brasil, considerando os tipos de produtos apreendidos, considerando o estado sanitário dos países aqui estudados, em face da natureza clandestina do trânsito dos animais e seus produtos por estas fronteiras terrestres. AbstractInfectious agents and veterinary diseases can be disseminated across borders and contribute to change the country sanitary status. The aim of this study was to identify the main animal products intercepted and seized by the agricultural surveillance units. This paper studied three Agricultural Surveillance Units located at land borders in the North region of Brazil: Assis Brasil and Epitaciolândia (Acre State) and Pacaraima (Roraima State), respectively borders with Peru, Bolivia and Venezuela. The main animal products confiscated were dairy products, fish, meat, sausage, veterinary products (drugs), animal food (pet foods) and apiculture products. Given the clandestine nature of animal transit and its products in these borders, the possibilities of introduction of infectious agents and diseases must be better evaluated, considering the type of products confiscated, as well as the sanitary status of the countries of origin.
- Published
- 2015
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