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The placebo effect is an obligatory passage point to understand rationality in randomized clinical trials. From the perspective of science and technology studies, this paper analyzes how the notion of the placebo effect has been used by science in the production of biosocial borders. Thus, it will pay attention to the phenomena considered caused by imagination, and we will analyze the consequences of new methodologies that have recognized other potentialities of this effect but tend to favor biological markers. The central argument is that the epistemological dispute hides the multiple existences of the placebo effect to be recognized due to the different scientific practices to which it confers rationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the academic leagues in health and spirituality, a space that predominates in training on the subject in Brazil. It seeks to analyze how the training provided by these organizations in spirituality is secular, not only due to the way spirituality is mobilized but also because of the specific characteristics of the health configuration. On one hand, since the emergence of medical leagues, there have been observable connections with religion, even though they were initially inspired by science in the early 20th century. On the other hand, various religious connections can be recognized, whether in people's life trajectories or in the formation of health and spirituality leagues. In this manner, we comprehend the emergence of leagues affiliated with the Academic Association of Leagues and Study Groups in Spirituality and Health (AALEGREES), with a particular focus on their secular configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has as main purpose the research and the study of the jurisprudential position of the States of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, regarding the civil responsibility and the duty to indemnify due to error of medical diagnosis. The study arose from the need to better understand this aspect of Law that has grown in recent years, and increasingly provoked the Judiciary with numerous demands. In order to do so, it was sought to compile some theoretical concepts of civil liability in the country's legal order, initially from a broad perspective, then for focusing in the medical civil liability in a specific way. The compendium of basic information on the conception of medical activity and the definition of diagnostic error was also intended. With this, the objective was to delimit, but not to exhaust, the hypotheses in which the medical professional can be civilly responsible for error of diagnosis, considering medical and biological factors, as well as the legal elements available and applicable. Methodologically, in addition to the theoretical research, an electronic search was also carried out in the official websites of the abovementioned courts, in search of trials that dealt with a medical diagnosis error, in the period proposed, from May, 1ft of 2016 to May 5th of 2017. The subsequent analysis of the found data, indicated, among others, the difficulty that some magistrates face when they need to judge these processes, mainly due to the technical restrictions that surround the matter, as well as the importance of adequately defining the error of medical diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vision is considered one of the most important senses for the neuropsychomotor development of children and is essential for learning and socialization from the first years of life. However, the changes in anatomical and physiological conformations of the child's eye, which occur during growth, make children susceptible to eye health problems, requiring early identification and treatment so that they can be resolved. Therefore, this paper aims to present an experience report on the extension project "Visual Acuity Screening and Ametropia Identification in an Urban Terena Community in Campo Grande (Brazil)" developed by an academic team from the Medical School of the Mato Grosso do Sul State University. This project aimed at assessing the visual acuity in children aged 3 to 12 years old and was developed in four stages: planning of activities with the community, training of the work team, application of the visual acuity screening test, and strategies for health education in ophthalmology. Because the course of its development was affected by the Covid-19 scenario, it was essential for the academic team to make adaptations to minimize the negative impacts of the pandemic on the project, which had the participation of about 30 children. The results of this action provided early detection of low visual acuity in 4 children, 13% of the total surveyed. In addition, the action strengthened the institution-community relationship amid the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]