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The article explores the significance of precipitation and drought in ecosystems, particularly focusing on the various types and impacts of drought on agricultural, forestry and socio-economic systems. It delves into the definitions and classifications of drought, highlighting its effects on water availability, agriculture, hydrology and society. Additionally, it discusses the assessment methods for drought, including standardized drought indices like the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).

The article focuses on the episode of a southern swell in the Canary Islands from August 9 to 16, 2023. It examines the socioeconomic effects, characterization, and behavior of the waves, analyzing their origins, impacts, and predictive models. It mentions that the study reveals the significant impact of such events on the southern coasts of the Canary Islands, detailing their origins, characteristics, and predictive patterns.