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O que está em jogo nas negociações internacionais relativas à proteção da biodiversidade é muito mais do que questões ecológicas, é a construção jurídica do problema, dos responsáveis e de possíveis soluções. Com efeito, os interesses divergentes de desenvolvimento nacional face às empresas privadas tornam a questão do acesso aos recursos genéticos e a transferência de tecnologia fontes de consideráveis querelas entre Estados soberanos. Apesar disso, existem vários contratos de bioprospecção envolvendo Estados, comunidades tradicionais e firmas transnacionais. Nesse contexto, o Brasil, rico em biodiversidade e com razoável nível tecnológico, pretende elaborar uma legislação nacional de regulação de acesso aos recursos genéticos. No entanto, esse artigo procura analisar porque tal legislação em si carece de eficácia concreta perante o objetivo de garantir os resultados almejados, e que o objetivo principal do Brasil deve ser não o mero pagamento de royalties, mas sim verdadeiras "parcerias tecnológicas" com vistas a modernizar o parque tecnológico nacional.When mentioned the protection of biodiversity, it is not only environmental issues that are being discussed in international meetings, it is the legal construction of the problem, those responsible for it and the possible solutions. In fact, divergent interests of national development for some States and of free markets for transnational corporations transform the issues of access to biological resources and technology transfer into grave disagreement among sovereign states. Nevertheless, there are several bioprospection arrangements among states, traditional communities and private firms. In this context, Brazil, privileged for its rich biodiversity and fairly good technological level, is aiming at a national law to regulate access to its biodiversity resources. However, this article explains why this law will not bring up the desired solutions, and that the main aim for Brazil must be not only the payment of royalties, but effective "technology partnerships".

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The present work focuses on the complex bilateral integration process involving Brazil and Argentina that began formally during the 80's, and displayed in its double scope: a) pacific cooperation on nuclear technology; b) constitution of a common market. This process evolution took place in three fundamental circles: the first one, approximation antecedents; the second one, decisive instruments for a large integration; and the third one, the solidification of two basis, one at the nuclear technological level, joining the two countries in the sui generis back up system and the operation of the Tlatelolco Treaty, the other, at the economic level instituting the Mercosur by the Asunción Treaty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of its engagement in the tranference of technical knowledge and solutions, which had positive imnpacts on national development, to other developing countries, Brazil has become one of the protagonists in South-South Cooperation. However, the country still doesn't have a solid policy in the area, and this is the main challenge to its sustainbility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]