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2. BALANÇO HÍDRICO CLIMATOLÓGICO E CLASSIFICAÇÃO CLIMÁTICA DE THORNTHWAITE E MATHER (1955) PARA O MUNICÍPIO DE MANICORÉ, NA MESORREGIÃO SUL DO AMAZONAS.
- Author
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DA SILVA MARTINS, PAULO ANDRÉ, SANTOS QUERINO, CARLOS ALEXANDRE, LIMA MOURA, MARCOS ANTÔNIO, ALBUQUERQUE DA SILVA QUERINO, JULIANE KAYSE, VIEIRA BENTOLILA, LÉIA BEATRIZ, and DOS SANTOS SILVA, PAULA CAROLINE
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista IRRIGA - Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Revista IRRIGA (Brazilian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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3. VARIAÇÕES DE TEMPERATURA E UMIDADE RELATIVA DO AR EM ÁREA URBANA E RURAL DURANTE O SEGMENTO TEMPORAL DE INVERNO DE 2011 EM CONTAGEM E BETIM (MG).
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Lopes, Larissa Cristina Silva and Jardim, Carlos Henrique
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CLIMATE change ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,HUMIDITY ,CITIES & towns ,WINTER ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Geográfica is the property of Acta Geografica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
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4. Estimativa da partição de energia na superfície.
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de Vargas Brondani, Daiane, Acevedo, Otávio Costa, and Valente, Fabíola
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This paper is a complementary analysis to method development, which proposes to estimate the energy partition on the surface by Bowen ratio method and height of convective boundary layer on the monthly scale based on the average temporal evolution of the variables air temperature and specific humidity. The basic hypothesis is that the evolution of these quantities is controlled solely by the convergence of surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat. This assumption is valid for monthly scale and in regions of middle latitudes away from the coast. Thus, it is assumed that the advective terms of the balance equation of these quantities in the convective boundary layer, the prefrontal situations and post-frontal have opposite sign. Therefore, using for a longer time scale than the typical scale of the passage of synoptic systems, the cancellation terms of hypothesis can be tested. In this study, the method is applied to the region of Santa Maria, where it is assumed that the conditions allowing despise the advective terms in monthly scale are valid. When testing the method on different time scales: 5,10,15,20 and 30 days, smaller errors temperature and specific humidity were for 15 and 30 days, while the sensible heat and latent heat fluxes showed lower relative errors at 20 and 30 days, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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5. Month-to-Month Impacts of Southern Annular Mode Over South America Climate
- Author
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Iracema F. A. Cavalcanti, Fernanda Cerqueira Vasconcellos, and Renan Martins Pizzochero
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Anomaly (natural sciences) ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Geology ,Development ,El Niño Southern Oscillation ,Geography ,Southern Annular Mode ,South America ,Climate variability ,Climatology ,Air temperature ,Economic Geology ,Precipitation ,South Atlantic Convergence Zone ,Southern Hemisphere ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The goal of this paper is to study month-to-month impacts of Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM) phases over South America (SA). Composite analyses were performed excluding ENSO years. Southeastern SA (SESA), part of Southeastern and Central-West of Brazil seem to be more affected by SAM. However, SAM influences are different for each month, and there are also differences of the influences between SAM phases (not always opposite). For air temperature, March, May, July, August, September, and November show positive (negative) anomalies affecting regions cited above during the negative (positive) SAM phase. Although, the coverage of these anomalies is different among these months. February and December present a temperature anomaly dipole, with positive (negative) anomaly at SESA and negative (positive) northward, in the negative (positive) SAM phase. January has a different behavior compared with other months but also presents a nearly opposite signal between SAM phases. Precipitation anomalies composites indicate a weakening (strengthening) of South Atlantic Convergence Zone configuration at negative (positive) SAM phase (November-January and March). SESA region shows positive (negative) precipitation anomalies at negative (positive) SAM phases, during March-June and December. Nevertheless, in October, SAM oppositely influences this region. A case study (January 2017 - negative SAM - neutral ENSO) shows great similarity with the precipitation composites, ratifying the results. However, for temperature, the coastal region is the only which presents similarity with the composites. The goal of this paper is to study month-to-month impacts of Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM) phases over South America (SA). Composite analyses were performed excluding ENSO years. Southeastern SA (SESA), part of Southeastern and Central-West of Brazil seem to be more affected by SAM. However, SAM influences are different for each month, and there are also differences of the influences between SAM phases (not always opposite). For air temperature, March, May, July, August, September, and November show positive (negative) anomalies affecting regions cited above during the negative (positive) SAM phase. Although, the coverage of these anomalies is different among these months. February and December present a temperature anomaly dipole, with positive (negative) anomaly at SESA and negative (positive) northward, in the negative (positive) SAM phase. January has a different behavior compared with other months but also presents a nearly opposite signal between SAM phases. Precipitation anomalies composites indicate a weakening (strengthening) of South Atlantic Convergence Zone configuration at negative (positive) SAM phase (November-January and March). SESA region shows positive (negative) precipitation anomalies at negative (positive) SAM phases, during March-June and December. Nevertheless, in October, SAM oppositely influences this region. A case study (January 2017 - negative SAM - neutral ENSO) shows great similarity with the precipitation composites, ratifying the results. However, for temperature, the coastal region is the only which presents similarity with the composites.
- Published
- 2019
6. AUMENTO DA TEMPERATURA NO MUNICÍPIO DO RIO DE JANEIRO.
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Rodrigues da Costa, Gabriela and Silva Wanderley, Henderson
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ECONOMIC change ,SOCIAL change ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,CLIMATOLOGY ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The expansion of cities has brought economic and social changes, population growth, as well as ecological, environmental and climate problems. However, for large cities such as Rio de Janeiro, research about the increase in temperature is still scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify changes in air temperature in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Two climatological periods 1961-1983 and 1991-2017 were used for analysis. The monthly mean air temperature data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and application of the Student t test, adopting a statistical significance of 5%. The results showed an increase in extreme minimum and maximum temperatures with statistical significance between the monthly averages of the climatological periods for all months of the year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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7. AJUSTE DOS PARÂMETROS DO MODELO DE HARGREAVES E SAMANI PARA ESTIMATIVA DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA EM ESCALA DIÁRIA PARA MACEIÓ-AL.
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Gomes Macêdo, Kleber, Duarte Arraes, Francisco Dirceu, Lima Junior, Juarez Cassiano, Oliveira, Willame Candido, and Rodrigues Araujo, Yara
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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Agricultura Irrigada - RBAI is the property of Revista Brasileira de Agricultura Irrigada - RBAI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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8. Estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência no município de Capim, PB.
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Mendonça, Ednaldo A. and Dantas, Renilson T.
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EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ,RADIATION ,AUTOMATIC meteorological stations ,STATISTICAL correlation ,EVAPORATION (Meteorology) ,CONFIDENCE intervals - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
9. The role of clothing in thermal comfort: how people dress in a temperate and humid climate in Brazil
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Renata De Vecchi, Christhina Candido, Roberto Lamberts, and CNPq and CAPES
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Meteorology ,020209 energy ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Thermal comfort ,lcsh:Technology ,Clima temperado e úmido ,lcsh:TH1-9745 ,Age and gender ,Thermal insulation ,021105 building & construction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Temperate climate ,business.industry ,lcsh:T ,Humidity ,Isolamento da vestimenta (clo) ,Clothing ,Clo insulation ,Conforto térmico ,Air temperature ,Temperate and humid climate ,Environmental science ,business ,thermal comfort ,clo insulation ,temperate and humid climate ,Humid climate ,lcsh:Building construction - Abstract
Thermal insulation from clothing is one of the most important input variables used to predict the thermal comfort of a building's occupants. This paper investigates the clothing pattern in buildings with different configurations located in a temperate and humid climate in Brazil. Occupants of two kinds of buildings (three offices and two university classrooms) assessed their thermal environment through 'right-here-right-now' questionnaires, while at the same time indoor climatic measurements were carried out in situ (air temperature and radiant temperature, air speed and humidity). A total of 5,036 votes from 1,161 occupants were collected. Results suggest that the clothing values adopted by occupants inside buildings were influenced by: 1) climate and seasons of the year; 2) different configurations and indoor thermal conditions; and 3) occupants' age and gender. Significant intergenerational and gender differences were found, which might be explained by differences in metabolic rates and fashion. The results also indicate that there is a great opportunity to exceed the clothing interval of the thermal comfort zones proposed by international standards such as ASHRAE 55 (2013) - 0.5 to 1.0 clo - and thereby save energy from cooling and heating systems, without compromising the occupants' indoor thermal comfort. Resumo O isolamento térmico da vestimenta é uma das variáveis de entrada mais importantes utilizadas para prever o conforto térmico dos ocupantes dentro das edificações. Este artigo investiga padrões de vestimenta em edifícios com diferentes configurações localizados em um clima temperado e úmido brasileiro. Ocupantes de dois tipos de edifícios (três escritórios e duas salas de aula universitárias) avaliaram seu ambiente térmico através de questionários simultaneamente às medições microclimáticas internas in situ (temperatura do ar e radiante média, velocidade e umidade do ar). Um total de 5.036 votos provenientes de 1.161 ocupantes foram coletados. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a vestimenta adotada pelos ocupantes nas edificações analisadas é influenciada por: 1) clima e pelas estações do ano; 2) configurações e condições térmicas internas; e 3) idade e gênero dos ocupantes. Diferenças significativas entre gerações e gêneros foram encontradas, o que provavelmente se explica pelas diferenças na taxa metabólica e moda local. Os resultados também indicaram que há uma grande oportunidade de exceder o intervalo de vestimenta determinado por normas internacionais como a ASHRAE 55 (2013) de 0,5 a 1,0 clo para as zonas de conforto térmico, impactando positivamente no dispêndio de energia voltada ao resfriamento e aquecimento artificial, sem, no entanto, comprometer o conforto térmico dos seus ocupantes em espaços internos.
- Published
- 2016
10. Impact of atmospheric variables on the construction materials
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Rui Barbosa de Souza, Eliane Betânia Carvalho Costa, Ana Paula Werle, and Michelle Simões Reboita
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Physics ,Atmospheric variables ,lcsh:T ,General Medicine ,Construction material ,lcsh:Technology ,Degradation ,Graduate students ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Air temperature ,Metallic materials ,Materiais da construção civil ,Degradação ,Atmospheric variable ,Variáveis atmosféricas ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Humanities - Abstract
Este estudo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema impacto de variáveis atmosféricas em materiais da construção civil. Ao longo do trabalho é apresentada a definição das variáveis atmosféricas e a relação destas com a degradação de materiais cerâmicos, metálicos, poliméricos e madeiras. Por exemplo, a temperatura do ar pode causar dilatação e retraimento em materiais cerâmicos causando o colapso desse material. Essa variável atmosférica também é responsável pela alteração estrutural de polímeros. Já os materiais metálicos sofrem corrosão pelo efeito da umidade do ar; nas madeiras, esta variável favorece o desenvolvimento de agentes biológicos degradadores. Por fim, destaca-se que este estudo serve de referência para graduandos em engenharia civil e arquitetura bem como para aqueles interessados no tema. 13 1 19 This study presents a review of literature on the subject impact of atmospheric variables in the construction materials. Throughout the paper, we present the definition of atmospheric variables and their relationship to the degradation of ceramic, metallic and polymeric materials and wood. For example, the air temperature can cause dilatation and retraction of ceramic materials causing the collapse of the material. This atmospheric variable is also responsible for structural polymers change. Metallic materials corrode by the humidity effect. While, in the woods, this variable favors the development of degrading biological agents. Finally, it is emphasized that this study serves as a reference for graduate students in civil engineering and architecture as well as for those interested in the topic.
- Published
- 2016
11. A INFLUÊNCIA ANTRÓPICA NA EVOLUÇÃO SEMANAL DA TEMPERATURA DO AR NO BAIRRO MARACANÃ/RJ
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Heitor Soares de Farias and Ana Maria de Paiva Macedo Brandão
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Meteorology ,microclima ,General Medicine ,Maracanã ,lcsh:QC851-999 ,Two stages ,temperatura do ar ,Rio de Janeiro ,Geography ,air temperature ,microclimate ,Urban climate ,Air temperature ,lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology ,Physical geography ,Air quality index - Abstract
This paper aims to study the urban climate in the quarter Maracanã, consideringits environmental characteristics, patterns of land use and dynamism of theactivities subject to regional atmospheric patterns acting, able to reflect on aweekly evolution of air temperature. The daily data of temperature of themeteorological station of the Maracanã, from 1992 to 2002, were separated byday and compared with data for three tracking stations air quality in neighboringdistricts – São Cristóvão and Tijuca, in addition to the Center. The evaluation human influence on this pace was made in two stages: the first was made at theintersection of the curve of temperature with the concentration of CO toevaluate the interference of vehicles in temperature; already the second stepwas the warming caused by an agglomeration of people through data loggersinstalled in the stadium Maracanã monitoring the air temperature for a week,and that time was a public event with a more than 50 thousand people, the firstgame of end of the Copa do Brasil, 2006 when they faced Vasco and Flamengo.The four monitoring stations showed a weekly rate for a similar temperature,with warmer days and the weekends less hot. However, no evidence ofanthropogenic interference in this weekly rhythm. Este trabalho aborda o clima urbano no bairro Maracanã, localizado na zonanorte da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, considerando suas características ambientais,padrões de uso do solo e dinamismo das atividades condicionadas aos padrõesatmosféricos regionais atuantes, capazes de refletir na evolução semanal datemperatura do ar. Os dados diários de temperatura da estação meteorológicado Maracanã, no período de 1992 a 2002, foram separados por dia da semana ecomparados com os dados de três estações de monitoramento da qualidade doar de bairros vizinhos - São Cristóvão e Tijuca, além do Centro. A avaliação dainfluência antrópica neste ritmo foi feita em duas etapas: na primeira fez-se ocruzamento da curva de temperatura com a de concentração de CO para avaliara interferência dos veículos na temperatura; já a segunda etapa verificou oaquecimento provocado por uma aglomeração de pessoas através de dataloggers instalados no Estádio Maracanã monitorando a temperatura do ar poruma semana, e nesse período foi realizado um evento com um público superiora 50 mil pessoas, o primeiro jogo da final da Copa do Brasil de 2006 quando seenfrentaram Vasco e Flamengo. As quatro estações de monitoramentoapresentaram uma evolução semanal para temperatura bastante semelhante,com dias úteis mais quentes e finais de semana menos quentes. No entanto nãofoi comprovada a interferência antropogênica nesse ritmo semanal.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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12. THE CLIMATE OF THE COAST PLANE OF THE STATE OF PARANÁ
- Author
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Vanhoni, Felipe and Mendonça, Francisco
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Climate ,Parana´s Coast ,Air Temperature ,Rainfall ,Pluviosidade ,lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology ,Clima ,Litoral do Paraná ,lcsh:QC851-999 ,Temperatura do Ar - Abstract
O Brasil apresenta um vasto litoral, com cerca de 8.000 quilômetros deextensão. O litoral do estado do Paraná é um dos menores, representando cercade 100 km deste total numa área de aproximadamente 6.600 quilômetrosquadrados. Devido aos fatores estáticos e dinâmicos atuantes, o clima destaárea apresenta-se de maneira complexa e particular. O presente trabalhosintetiza as características climáticas do litoral paranaense a partir daabordagem de dois elementos: a temperatura do ar e a pluviosidade. A chuvaapresenta-se de forma concentrada nos meses de verão, sendo que as menoresmédias destacam-se nos meses de inverno. O total médio anual e sazonal variaentre a planície e as áreas mais altas, sendo estas as que apresentam osmaiores índices. O total anual de chuvas, nos anos de ocorrência do El Niño,apresentou-se acima da média histórica, evidenciando a ligação entre aqueleevento no oceano Pacífico e as chuvas no litoral Atlântico. A temperatura nãoapresentou grandes diferenças entre as estações analisadas, porém assim comoa pluviosidade sofre a influência do relevo que se apresenta de forma bastanteirregular nas proximidades da região, chegando a mais de 1 600 m de altitude.O tipo climático predominante na área é o Cfa, controlado por sistemas tropicaise polares. Brazilian coastline is very vast, with about 8,000 km in length. The coast planeof the state of Paraná is one of the shortest, representing around 100 km of atotal area of approximately 6,600 square kilometers. Due to static and dynamicfactors, the climate of this area presents itself in ways complex and particular.This paper summarizes the characteristics of the Paraná’s coast climate from theapproach of two elements: the air temperature and rainfall. The rain presentsitself so concentrated in the months of summer, and the medium - to-lower inthe winter months. The total annual mean and seasonal ranges increases fromthe plains to the highest areas, which are those that have the highest rates. Thetotal annual rainfall, in the years of the occurrence of El Niño, showed up abovethe historical mean, showing the connection between that event in the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic rain on the coast. The temperature presented no majordifferences between the analyzed seasons, but as the rains likely a result ofemphasis is presented on a very irregular in the vicinity of the region, reachingmore than 1600 m in altitude. The climatic predominant type on area is the Cfa,controlled by tropical and polar atmospheric systems.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Appropriate use of greenhouse in the agricultural experimentation
- Author
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José Fideles Filho, Ivana C. de M. Figueirêdo, and Napoleão Esberard de Macêdo Beltrão
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temperatura do ar ,espectro da irradiação solar ,air temperature ,Environmental Engineering ,umidade relativa do ar ,screen and pot color ,solar light spectrum ,solar irradiation ,Irradiação solar ,cores de tela e vasos ,relative humidity ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Neste trabalho, objetivou-se aglutinar elementos para o uso mais adequado de casas-de-vegetação e telados, com a finalidade de experimentação agrícola. São discutidos os fatores água, temperatura do ar e irradiância solar no interior de coberturas artificiais, bem como o manejo do ambiente em termos de tamanho de vasos, seu posicionamento nas casas-de-vegetação e o uso da água de irrigação. Deve-se evitar telas de cor verde (reflete o verde e absorve o vermelho, usado na fotossíntese) e se deve ter os vasos sempre da mesma cor e tamanho. This paper reviews the main factors affecting the use of greenhouses in agricultural experimentation. The effects of water quality, air temperature and solar irradiance are discussed along with size, placement and color of pots/recipients and use of water in irrigation. Green screen should be avoided in greenhouses as they reflect the green light while absorbing the photosynthetically active red light. All the pots/recipients must be of the same color and size.
- Published
- 2002
14. Modelamento da perda de qualidade de sementes de soja, em função das condições iniciais e da atmosfera no armazenamento
- Author
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Daniel Marçal de Queiroz, Paulo Cesar Corrêa, and Paulo Cesar Afonso Junior
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Controlled atmosphere ,Environmental Engineering ,germinação ,Dry basis ,modelos matemáticos ,Biology ,Atmosphere ,Horticulture ,Agronomy ,germination ,Germination ,Air temperature ,Relative humidity ,soja ,soybean ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Water content ,mathematical models - Abstract
Com o objetivo de se predizer o potencial germinativo de sementes de soja durante o armazenamento, foi conduzido um experimento com sementes da variedade Santa Rosa, com umidade inicial 0,333 (base seca), que passaram por um processo de secagem a temperatura de 30 °C e 40 % de umidade relativa, até atingirem os teores de umidade de 0,111, 0,176 e 0,250 base seca. As sementes foram acondicionadas em sacos de papel e mantidas em diferentes temperaturas de armazenagem (5, 10, 20 e 30 °C) e sua viabilidade foi avaliada depois da secagem e a cada 10 dias, durante 60 dias, empregando-se o teste-padrão de germinação. De maneira geral, para a maioria dos testes a temperatura e o teor de umidade afetaram a germinação das sementes de soja, durante o período de armazenamento, porém para as temperaturas de armazenagem de 5 e 10 °C, as sementes mantiveram a viabilidade em níveis satisfatórios, independente do teor de umidade do produto. Os resultados experimentais de germinação foram avaliados ajustando-se os modelos matemáticos: exponencial e probabilístico. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho permitiram concluir-se que a temperatura e o teor de umidade das sementes afetam a germinação das sementes de soja, durante o período de armazenamento, e que o modelo exponencial foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados experimentais. In order to predict the germination potencial of soybean seeds of the Santa Rosa variety during storage, an experiment was conducted, The seeds with initial moisture content of 0.333 (dry basis) were dried under an air temperature of 30 ºC and relative humidity of 40% until the moisture content of 0.111; 0.176 and 0.250 (dry basis) were reached. The seeds were conditioned in paper bags and maintained under different storage temperatures (5, 10, 20 and 30 °C). The seed viability was evaluated just after drying and every 10 days, during 60 days, applying the standard germination test. In general, for the majority of the tests, the temperature and the moisture content affected the seed germination during the storage period. However, for the storage temperatures of 5 and 10 °C the seeds maintained the viability at satisfactory levels, independently of the moisture content of the product. The experimental results of germination were evaluated by adjusting the data to the exponential and probit mathematical models. The results obtained in this work lead to the conclusion that the temperature and the moisture content of the stored soybean seeds affect their germination and that the exponential model better fits the experimental data.
- Published
- 2000
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