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This article explores the notion that the "hinterland" has exploded in recent years. In the age of globalization - or the Capitalocene era - advances in social and technical systems have reduced the costs of circulating and exchanging goods, information, energy and capital, previously only feasible in areas of urban agglomeration. The resulting forms and processes of Planetary Urbanization emerge in any location where the interests of capital are manifested, from shantytowns to luxury condominiums and in company towns. Today, the "hinterland" is formed primarily by the geographies of extractivism and the commodities market. Using the prime example of Parauapebas, a city located in the ore-producing state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon, a systemization of some recurring forms of urbanization and its respective processes is proposed, forming a contemporary "urban puzzle". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]