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Like other estrogenic steroids, such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3), 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is a synthetic hormone derived from the natural hormone that can be disposal of domestic sewage and untreated industrial effluent. It is one of the most commonly used drugs, which increases its potential for presence in the environment. It can also contaminate the environment when used in livestock and agricultural activities. This study focuses on the effects of EE2 on human and animal health, as well as informing that several studies point to the ineffectiveness of treatment of this drug by Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs), as well as Effluents (ETEs). The mechanisms and some methods of treatment of water contaminated with EE2 are discussed without disregarding some other steroids of the same ethinyl group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]