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Presents data about the emergence and consolidation of the public policy creation of protected areas between 1940 and 2000 in the territory of the state of Espírito Santo. Methodologically, this is a case study. It aimed to analyze processes involving collective action strategies from the perspective of social conflicts. The paper presents considerations about the civil society participation in the transition between a personalized model -- more susceptible to individual wills (government actions) -- and another based on public debates, institutionalized (state policy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The composition and configuration of landscapes can be indicators of anthropic pressures. Therefore, this article aims to characterize the main landscapes which are protected by Brazilian Forest Code and by the Nacional System of Conservation Units, identifying what are the influences of its structure in their legal function. From the comparative analysis between the laws, it was found that from the eleven groups of protected areas, the main functions are protectionist and anthropic; the majority of them are made of little patches -- with greater influences of fragmentation -- or big patches with low restrictions of use; and connectivity among fragments is incentivized only as recommendation, not as an exigency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining, an important economic activity in the state of Minas Gerais, generates a large amount of tailings. Currently, there are several technologies for the disposal of these tailings, but the disposal in dams remains the most used, despite the history of disruption of these structures. The environmental licensing process for mining activities requires the preparation of studies of technological alternatives for the project, in order to select the one with the best environmental feasibility. The objective was to evaluate the approach of technological alternatives for disposal of tailings from licensed mining enterprises in the state of Minas Gerais. For this, 13 projects were selected whose environmental licenses were approved between 2017 and 2019. It was verified if the Environmental Impact Studies met legal criteria and good environmental practices in the selection of alternatives. It was observed that only four projects addressed studies of technological alternatives, but none of them met all the analyzed criteria. Bias in the proposition of alternatives, lack of basis and reference of data in the choice process, prevalence of economic aspects over environmental ones and lack of justification in the selection of technology were verified in most cases. The disposal of waste by dry stacking, considered an environmentally viable technique, was selected by seven projects. However, five projects still decided to dispose in dams. In general, the studies analyzed were limited to describing the technology that one wanted to license. Only with a strategic approach would the selection process for alternatives be properly addressed, thus proposing solutions before each individual project is submitted for environmental licensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a reflective and factual paper, in an emergency structure, which starts from previous investigations on the network communication of the environmental movement, and from socioenvironmental media activism, to discuss a scenario of attacks direct to the work carried out by environmental organizations. We propose a theoretical discussion with an exploratory research on the possibilities of media activism, based in the communicative practices of two social actors in this environmental field, Greenpeace Brasil and Instituto Socioambiental. We conclude that there are reactive answers to government affront; they use different media, social networks, languages and cyberactivist resources, but with superfical reach in public debate, which signals that need to articulate institutional action with social mobilization. So, in addition to understanding the transformations of activisms, we rehearsed the manifesto: what remains for socioenvironmental media activism? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forest inventory is an important tool for the planning sustainable forest management, assisting in the decision-making in relation to forest, such as timber and non-timber products. One of the most important information of a forest inventory is the botanical or taxonomic identification, which is usually performed by parabotanists/parataxonomists. These professionals normally do not have scientific methodologies that guarantee the correct taxonomic identification of the species, using morphological characteristics and vernacular names, which are sometimes quite volatile according to the region. The objective of this paper is to analyze the botanical and taxonomic identification of forest inventories of an enterprise that requested licensing for the Sustainable Forest Management Plan (SFMP), on western Pará state, Brazil, with a special focus on the least representative botanical families (01 or 02 species). As a result, a variety of problems and errors related to the scientific and vernacular names presented in the projects were verified, among the main ones: lack of the author, orthographic error of the genre and specific epithet, author orthographic error, outdated nomenclature and use of synonyms and/or names not accepted. As well as species that do not occur in the northern region, and others that do not even exist in Brazil and taxa that are not trees, but were included in the inventory. We suggest a greater stringent in the analysis of this data by the licensing agencies and mainly a greater commitment of the consulting companies with the collection and taxonomic identification of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Conservation Units National System was established, in Brazil, in 2000, and in spite of the many advances related to the creation of Protected Areas (PAs), it is still possible to verify that several PAs were not thought systemically, reducing nature protection. The present research had as objective to analyze, from the perception of different actors, the effectiveness of protection of the UCs of the state of Rio de Janeiro. To do so, an online questionnaire was prepared and sent to managers, researchers, technicians, and other actors who have connections with UCs in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The analysis of the results allowed concluding that the protection effectiveness of PAs is moderate, numerous problems such as land conflicts, lack of infrastructure, and resources are negatively affecting the effective protection of these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The supermarket industry is expressive in economic, environmental and social aspects. However, to contribute to the promotion of sustainability remains as a challenge for this segment. This article aims to analyze the alignment between the environmental policy of large networks in the supermarket sector and the international priorities for sustainability. To accomplish this goal, an exploratory research was carried out, with a sample of supermarkets from Brazil and abroad (Italy, England and the United States) that present policies and practices related to sustainability as criteria for selection. Based on a comparative analysis, it is possible to observe that, despite the existence of initiatives by domestic companies, especially about waste management, foreign supermarkets present better practices regarding sustainability than those operating in Brazil. Foreign supermarkets also have a more consolidated position in considering sustainability as a criterion for the creation of environmental policies. Thus, the main contribution of this study is to demonstrate the different situations among the companies and the criteria used by the supermarkets regarding the promotion of sustainability in the environmental agenda of their business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this technical report is to present an intervention project to define an environmental policy for a industry of styrofoam products, to assist in obtaining the certification of ISO 14001. The study is important for the company, because it has received the certification of Quality Management System (QMS) which is the first step towards a possible implementation of ISO. Therefore, all the study and data necessary for the implementation of ISO 14001 will be already gathered and available through this work. The method used in this research was action research, and the data was collected by nonstructured interviews with the two company's directors. By raising the environmental management measures that gives support for the implementation of ISO 14001, it was presented a implementing proposal of environmental policy and planning. With this, all required administrative and environmental management actions for the company to obtain ISO 14001 certification have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to analyze how the company X Advocacy and Legal Consultancy can implant sustainable and quality practices to obtain the environmental certification ISO 14001. To achieve the objective, a qualitative and quantitative approach study was conducted. Regarding procedures, it consisted in a case study with a descriptive focus. From observation of the reality of X Advocacy and Legal Consultancy and its claims in relation to obtaining ISO 14001 certification, it is possible to propose as solution the implementation of a number of initiatives and sustainability actions in three pillars - social, environmental and economic. Suggestions were also developed about the dimensions of quality in order to formulate the basis for X Advocacy and Legal Consultancy environmental policy and possible implementation of ISO 14,001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effectiveness of the environmental policy is a recurrent theme in the debate on environment and development in Brazil. Each environmental policy constitutes an institutional arrangement that allows for legislation fulfillment and sets a new relation between humans and the environment. The aim of this paper is to comparatively evaluate the implementation of three environmental policies provided by State of Paraná in recent decades, by analyzing their institutional arrangements in order to identify particular fragilities. The policies in analysis are the Ecological-Economic Zoning (ZEE), the Coastal Management (GERCO) and Incentive policies to agroecology. The hypothesis is that the difficulty of implementing these environmental policies in the state is due to the inherent weaknesses of their institutional arrangements. Among them, there are the diversity of interests and conflicts between actors and between local, state and federal institutions; the incapacity of the environment institutions to enforce its policies in the context of economic development; and the financial, material, technical and personnel deficiencies of environmental agencies. It concludes by pointing out the lack of long-term vision that transforms these policies into government actions instead of State policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that economic growth and environmental quality could be complimentary in a virtuous cycle of sustainable development, in opposition to the traditional view that suggests that environmental policies create obs- tacles to the productive sector. Even though the relationship between growth and environmental conservation has been historically characterized by antagonism, recent studies about competitiveness and environmental regulation show that firms can profit with "green" postures, consequence of efficiency and market gains, better capacity to attract capital and reduced risk perception. But this virtuous relationship can only be achieved if proper regulation mechanisms are established, moving away from the excessive rigidity of the current environmental policy mechanisms towards more flexible instruments that encourage changes in the business behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present essay offers a sociological panoramic view of the development of modern environmental policy, of the new environmental movements and their paradigms, as well as a discourse-ethics (diskursethisch) reflection about the problematic relationship between the human being and nature. This reflection will connect the issue to an empirical vision of the problem as shown by the agents of environmental policies (to be described), systematize the ethical element of the different perspectives and will also provide a foundation, within the realm of discourse ethics, for a social approach to nature based on responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]